The Energy System

Question 1

What is the energy currency for the body?

Answer 1

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency for the body.

Question 2

What dose aerobic mean?

Answer 2

Aerobic means ‘with oxygen’.

Question 3

What dose anaerobic mean?

Answer 3

Means ‘without oxygen’

Question 4

What is creatine phosphate?

Answer 4

Creatine phosphate (also called phosphocreatine) when broken down releases a phosphate and energy, which is then used to rebuild ATP.

Question 5

Which energy system can produce energy for a long duration?

Answer 5

Aerobic system.

Question 6

Which energy system would be used maximally during a 100-metre sprint?

Answer 6

Creatine phosphate system.

Question 7

Which energy system would be used predominantly during a 400-metre sprint?

Answer 7

Lactate system.

Question 8

What are the by-products of the aerobic energy system?

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

Question 9

What would be experienced when lactic acid levels rise in the muscle?

Answer 9

This is known as the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), which is associated with sensations, such as laboured breathing (breathlessness), ‘heavy’ limbs and pain (‘the burn’) usually causing a necessity to slow or stop.

Question 10

How is carbon dioxide removed from the body?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide is transported to the lungs via the circulatory system.

Question 11

Which energy system uses glycogen and fats to produce ATP?

Answer 11

Aerobic.

Question 12

Which energy system uses glycogen without oxygen to produce ATP?

Answer 12

Lactate.

Question 13

What is H2O?

Answer 13

H2O is the chemical symbol for water.

Question 14

What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

Answer 14

O2

Question 15

What is the chemical symbol for carbon dioxide?

Answer 15

CO2

Question 16

Describe how carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used in the production of energy/adenosine triphosphate.

Answer 16

Aerobic metabolism fuels most of the energy needed for long duration activity. It uses oxygen to convert nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and protein) to ATP.

Question 17

Wat are the three energy systems?

Answer 17

• Aerobic.
• Lactate.
• Creatine phosphate.

Question 18

Explain the use of the aerobic energy system

Answer 18

Aerobic energy is produced within the mitochondria of the cell.

Required input: fatty acids, glucose and oxygen.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP, carbon dioxide and water.

Question 19

What are the parameters for the aerobic energy system?

Answer 19

• Slower energy-producing system.
• Large energy output.
• Unlimited energy supply (providing the inputs are available).
• By-products do not fatigue the body.
• Sustains longer duration activities.
• Operates up to approximately 60% exercise intensity.
• Recovery is based on rest, food and drink intake.

Question 20

Explain the use of the lactate energy system

Answer 20

Anaerobic energy through the lactate system is produced within the cytoplasm of the cell, outside of the mitochondria.

Required input: glucose only.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP and lactic acid.

Question 21

What are the parameters for the lactate energy system?

Answer 21

• Moderately fast energy-producing system.
• Moderate energy output.
• Limited energy supply (glucose availability).
• By-product of lactic acid causes fatigue and reduces performance.
• Sustains activity between approximately 1-3 minutes.
• Operates between approximately 60-95% exercise intensity.
• Recovery can take between 20 minutes-2 hours.

Question 22

Explain the use of the creatine phosphate energy system

Answer 22

Anaerobic energy through the creatine phosphate system is produced in the cytoplasm of the muscle cells, outside the mitochondria.

Required input: creatine phosphate only.

Resulting output: regenerated ATP and creatine.

Question 23

What are the parameters for the creatine phosphate energy system?

Answer 23

• Very fast energy-producing system.
• High to maximal energy output.
• Very limited energy supply.
• No fatiguing by-products.
• Sustains activity between approximately 0-10 seconds.
• Operates between approximately 95-100% exercise intensity.
• Recovery can take between 30 seconds-5 minutes.