The Endocrine System (Chapter 36)

Question 1

Exocrine glands

Answer 1

Exocrine glands release their product into ducts or tubes

Question 2

Endocrine gland

Answer 2

An endocrine gland is a ductless gland that produces hormones which are released directly into the bloodstream

Question 3

Hormone

Answer 3

A hormone is a chemical messenger produced by an endocrine gland and carried by the bloodstream to another part of the body where it has a special effect.

Question 4

Deficiency of Thyroxine causes:

Answer 4

1. cretinism in young children (mental and physical retardation)
2. goitre, myxoedema and reduced rates of metabolism in adults (slow response, lack of energy, excess weight, fluid build up under skin)

Question 5

How is a deficiency of thyroxine controlled?

Answer 5

taking thyroxine or iodine

Question 6

Excess thyroxine causes:

Answer 6

increased rates of metabolism, weight loss, large appetite, nervousness (Grave’s disease)

Question 7

How is excess thyroxine controlled?

Answer 7

by removing part of the thyroid or killing it with radioactive iodine.

Question 8

Is the pancreas an exocrine gland or an endocrine gland?

Answer 8

It’s both

Question 9

What is the pancreas’ exocrine function

Answer 9

releases enzymes into pancreatic duct

Question 10

What is the pancreas’ endocrine function

Answer 10

releases insulin into bloodstream.

Question 11

How does diabetes develop?

Answer 11

Low insulin production, normally caused by the failure of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas to work properly.