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Biology > Skeleton and Muscles (Chapter 37) > Flashcards

Skeleton and Muscles (Chapter 37) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Functions of the Skeleton

A

support
protection of internal organs
rigid frame for movement

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2
Q

How many bones in the human skeleton

A

206

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3
Q

Axial Skeleton consists of

A

Skull, ribs, sternum and vertebrae

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4
Q

How many pairs of ribs?

A

12 Pairs

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5
Q

Appendicular skeleton consists of

A

pectoral and pelvic girdles and their attached limbs (arms and legs)

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6
Q

How many bones in the Vertebrae

A

33

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7
Q

Name the five different parts of the spine

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacrum
  5. Coccyx
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8
Q

How many vertebrae in the Cervical

A

7

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9
Q

How many vertebrae in the thoracic

A

12

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10
Q

How many vertebrae in the lumbar

A

5

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11
Q

How many vertebrae in the sacrum

A

5

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12
Q

How many vertebrae in the coccyx

A

4

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13
Q

Compact bones

A

give bone it strength and protein give it its flexibility

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14
Q

Spongy bones

A

Gives strength and rigidity to the skeleton

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15
Q

Bone marrow

A

a soft fatty substance found in the medullary cavity and within spongy bone.

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16
Q

Bone Marrow function

A

Makes blood components

17
Q

Bone forming cells that produce the protein collagen are called?

A

Osteoblasts

18
Q

The increase in length of a bone is due to what?

A

growth plate made of cartilage

19
Q

The loss of protein (collagen) material from the bone is called?

A

ostgeoporosis

20
Q

Three types of joints

A
  1. Fixed joints
  2. slightly moveable
  3. Synovial (freely movable)
21
Q

Two types of synovial joints

A

Ball and Socket Joints

Hinge Joints

22
Q

Ligaments

A

Ligaments are strong, fibrous, slightly elastic tissues that connect bone to bone.

23
Q

Tendons

A

Tendons are strong, flexible, inelastic fibres that connect muscle to bone

24
Q

Antagonistic pair

A

An Antagonistic pair is two muscles that have opposite effects to each other.

25
Q

Muscular contractions require energy in the form of ___

A

ATP

26
Q

Skeletal disorder

A

Arthritis

27
Q

Two types of arthritis

A
  • osteoarthritis

- rheumatoid arthritis

28
Q

Prevention of arthritis

A

reducing damage to joints

29
Q

Treatment of arthritis

A

No cure. treatments include rest, exercises to maintain mobility and strength, steroids, drugs, anti-inflammatory medications

Biology (17 decks)

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