Skeleton and Muscles (Chapter 37) Flashcards
Functions of the Skeleton
support
protection of internal organs
rigid frame for movement
How many bones in the human skeleton
206
Axial Skeleton consists of
Skull, ribs, sternum and vertebrae
How many pairs of ribs?
12 Pairs
Appendicular skeleton consists of
pectoral and pelvic girdles and their attached limbs (arms and legs)
How many bones in the Vertebrae
33
Name the five different parts of the spine
- Cervical
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacrum
- Coccyx
How many vertebrae in the Cervical
7
How many vertebrae in the thoracic
12
How many vertebrae in the lumbar
5
How many vertebrae in the sacrum
5
How many vertebrae in the coccyx
4
Compact bones
give bone it strength and protein give it its flexibility
Spongy bones
Gives strength and rigidity to the skeleton
Bone marrow
a soft fatty substance found in the medullary cavity and within spongy bone.
Bone Marrow function
Makes blood components
Bone forming cells that produce the protein collagen are called?
Osteoblasts
The increase in length of a bone is due to what?
growth plate made of cartilage
The loss of protein (collagen) material from the bone is called?
ostgeoporosis
Three types of joints
- Fixed joints
- slightly moveable
- Synovial (freely movable)
Two types of synovial joints
Ball and Socket Joints
Hinge Joints
Ligaments
Ligaments are strong, fibrous, slightly elastic tissues that connect bone to bone.
Tendons
Tendons are strong, flexible, inelastic fibres that connect muscle to bone
Antagonistic pair
An Antagonistic pair is two muscles that have opposite effects to each other.
Muscular contractions require energy in the form of ___
ATP
Skeletal disorder
Arthritis
Two types of arthritis
- osteoarthritis
- rheumatoid arthritis
Prevention of arthritis
reducing damage to joints
Treatment of arthritis
No cure. treatments include rest, exercises to maintain mobility and strength, steroids, drugs, anti-inflammatory medications
