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History 7 Semester 2 > The End Of WWI > Flashcards

The End Of WWI Flashcards

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1
Q

Battle of Verdun

A

1916 longest WWI battle
Argonne Forest, France

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2
Q

War bond

A

Government taking money for war and repaying when it is over

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3
Q

Food administration

A

Led by Herbert Hoover
Encouraged farmers to make more and public to eat less
Voluntary rationing

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4
Q

War industries board

A

Convert factories to the production of war related materials

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5
Q

Espionage act

A

Very high penalties
No spying

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6
Q

Sabotage and Sedition Acts

A

Made it a crime to say, print, or write about anything bad or perceived as bad about the govt.

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7
Q

Persecution of Germans

A

Anti-German Sentiment
No Germans in schools or German books in libraries
No German orchestra music

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8
Q

Women

A

Over 30k women serve non-combat roles
Took mens jobs
Could be voluntary nurses but denied rank or pay
Still can’t vote

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9
Q

African Americans

A

America still racist
Great migration
Not allowed into marines, menial jobs in navy— combat positions segregated in army
350k served by wars end (more in other countries since none were as racist as America)

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10
Q

Great Migration

A

500,000 African Americans travel from Southern to Northern Cities in hopes of jobs

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11
Q

Harlem Hellfighters

A

369th infantry, first all-black U.S. Combat unit to be shipped overseas during WWI
191 days of fighting, not a single POW, no land loss
French gives them Medal of Honor, United States ignores
Sergeant Henry Johnson

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12
Q

Provisions of the treaty of Versailles 1919

A

Establish 9 new nations like Poland, Czech, Finland, and Yugoslavia
Shifted country borders
Ottoman Empire divided into 5 and temporarily given to France + Britain

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13
Q

League of Nations (Wilson’s 14th Point)

A
  • creation of an international organization to protect world peace
  • discuss a forum of nations to settle their grievances without resorting to war
  • based in genieva, Switzerland- neutral country already containing Red Cross so perfect
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14
Q

Treaty of Versailles: what Germany must do

A

Accept full responsibility for war guilt clause
Pay reparations to Allie’s (millions)
Disarm- limit its size of navy and army
Give up overseas colonies
Give up territory in Europe- League of Nations attacked
Accept the ne map of Europe

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15
Q

Wilson suffers stroke

A
  • has a stroke on national speaking tour
  • Henry Cabot lodge republican takes over
  • rejects League of Nations and treaty of Versailles
  • America signs a separate treaty with each central power
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16
Q

Debate over League of Nations

A
  • threatened us policy of isolationism
  • conservative senators under Henry Cabot lodge questioned
  • they wanted to constitutional right to declare war, opposed because too much power
17
Q

Opposition to treaty of Versailles

A
  • too harsh (economically)
  • sell out to imperialism- exchanged one set of colonial rules to another
  • new boundaries did not satisfy demands for self-determination
18
Q

4 weaknesses of treaty of versailles

A

Humiliated Germany by forcing them to admit sole responsibility for starting the war-to-war guilt clause
Germany was stripped from pacific colonies and now deal with huge financial responsibilities
Ignored claims of colonized people for self-determination
Germany/Russia excluded from peace conference

19
Q

End of war

A

Armistice- seize fire
11/11 at 11 am Germany asks for peace

20
Q

Germany must promise what (end of war)?

A

Not to renew hostility
Leave Belgium and France
Wilson to deal with civilian leaders instead of military

21
Q

WWI death toll

A

Around 10m soldiers and 7m civilians

22
Q

Paris peace conference

A

27 nations gather to discuss Europe’s future, Germany and Russia not invited

23
Q

Paris peace conference big 4

A

Woodrow Wilson, US
David Lloyd George- GB prime minister
George Clemenceau - France prime minister
Vittorio Orlando- Italy

24
Q

Wilson’s 14 points

A
  • free trade
  • freedom of the seas
  • reduction of arms
  • no secret alliances
  • League of Nations (America does not join- Henry Cabot lodge)
  • Europe self-determination
25
Q

Right to self-determination meaning

A

Presence of a representative democracy and the ability to enjoy human rights within existing states

26
Q

WWI end date

A

November 11, 1918

27
Q

WWI start date

A

July 28, 1914

28
Q

Erich Ludendorff

A

Military commander who has won decisive victories over Russia in 1917 that led to Russian withdrawal

29
Q

Kaiser Willhem II abdication

A

November 9, 1918

30
Q

Kaiser Willhelm

A

German Emperor

31
Q

What do many historians claim about the treaty of Versailles?

A

The mistake made was angering Germany causing the Second World War

32
Q

Treaty of Versailles general clauses

A

Establishment of League of Nations
War guilt clause- Germany to accept blame on starting the ar

33
Q

Countries that change after WWI

A

Austria Hungary, Germany, Russia, Romania, turkey, Bulgaria, Albania

34
Q

Countries that disappear after WWI

A

Austria-Hungary (made into 2 new countries), Montenegro Serbia,

35
Q

New countries after WWI

A

Belarus, Ukraine, E. Prussia, Lithuania, estonia, latvia, Moldova, Czech, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia

History 7 Semester 2 (15 decks)

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