The Cold War

Question 1

Cold War

Answer 1

Sustained state of poltiical and military tension between the US (NATO) and Soviet Russia (Warsaw Pact)
No large-scale fighting b/t the two sides

Question 2

A Cold War

Answer 2

Two enemies not actually fighting but instead building up military forces and arms to intimidate the other

Question 3

Reasons for tension between the U.S. and USSR

Answer 3

The USA and USSR were two world superpowers
The US was a capitalist democratic society.
The USSR was a communist country with a dictatorship.
Both wanted to be the most powerful in the world.

Question 4

Yalta Conference (most important changes that affect the Cold War)

Answer 4

1. The Soviet Union will enter the pacific war in return for land lost in the Russo-Japanese war.
2. Soviet Union wants buffer between enemies and west
3. The u.s. and Britain feared soviet control of the east and the spread of communism
4. Germany divided into four zones between us, France, England, and Russia
5. FDR created United Nations

Question 5

Iron curtain

Answer 5

Separating East and West Europe used by Winston Churchill
West Bloc- Democracy (france, britain, US)
East Bloc- Communism (soviets)

Question 6

George F. Keenan’s policy of containment

Answer 6

U.S. must take aggressive steps to contain Soviet expansion
Fighting spread of communism by limiting to
Becomes known as Truman Doctrine; a commitment to help countries threatened by communism

Question 7

The Marshall Plan

Answer 7

WWII destroyed Europe
Fertile ground for communism
Proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall
The U.S. provides economic aid to European countries (thirteen billion dollars!) for the rebuilding of Europe to not fall to communism

Question 8

Berlin airlift

Answer 8

British and American cargo planes drop food,m fuel, and other supplies into West Berlin for 10 months

Question 9

NATO

Answer 9

1949- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
U.S., Canada, and ten other countries
“Armed attack against one shall be considered an attack against all”

Question 10

Warsaw pact

Answer 10

1955
Soviet Union and communist countries of Eastern Europe form a military alliance in response to NATO

Question 11

Evidence of Stalin’s Aggression

Answer 11

Stalin formed Warsaw Pact in repwsonse to the NATO
Stalin built up army and created nukes to intimidate the U.S. after Hiroshima

Question 12

Soviet’s in Berlin

Answer 12

Cut some 2.5 million civilians in Western Berlin off from electricity, food, coal, and other crucial supplies. Called the Berlin Blockade

Question 13

Harry Truman Election views

Answer 13

Democrat
Wanted black civil rights
Harsh foreign policy
Won

Question 14

Dewey Election views

Answer 14

Republican
Against Truman’s Views
Al ost won

Question 15

Why did Truman win?

Answer 15

Truman demsanded they pass the planks of the Republican Party platform and lambasted them for lack of effort. The anti-communists began to see that Truman’s foreign policy would prevent communism.

Question 16

Thurmond election views

Answer 16

States rights party
Against Truman’s policies
Anti-black civil rights
Dixiecrat

Question 17

Wallace’s election views and 1948

Answer 17

Progressive party
Criticized Truman for being too harsh
Anti Truman’s views because it would involve the United States in wars with the USSR

Question 18

Capitalism

Answer 18

economic system where property and businesses are privately owned, people have freedom to succeed or fail

Question 19

communism

Answer 19

govt. provides everything for the people, more security but less choice and freedom

Question 20

Ho chi minh cold war

Answer 20

kept vietnam neutral

Question 21

richard nixon cold war

Answer 21

lost to JFK in election, used policy of detente thoroughly with russia (and vietnam/korea.)

Question 22

Lee Harvey Oswald

Answer 22

Assassinated president John F. Kennedy in Texas on nov. 22 1963
killed by Jack Ruby

Question 23

john foster dulles

Answer 23

created policies of brinkmanship and massive retaliation

Question 24

United Nations

Answer 24

50 nations meet in san francisco to settle dispute and attempt to prevent future wars

Question 25

Hungary

Answer 25

fell to communism since we didnt help them

Question 26

White Flight/Suburbs

Answer 26

middle class americans take off to suburbs, leaves island of poverty

Question 27

elvis

Answer 27

“king” of Rock’n’Roll– fast moving, guitar-based, African American Rhythm and blues derived-music

Question 28

joseph stalin

Answer 28

Leader of Soviet russia until 1953

Question 29

Nikita Kruschev

Answer 29

leader of soviet russia after stalin’s death

Question 30

NASA

Answer 30

national aeronautics and space administration

Question 31

flexible response

Answer 31

an alternative of Eisenhower’s new look policy– relied on nuclear, massive retaliation
a wide range of diplomatic, political, economic, and military options used to deter an enemy attack– more in-depth than just nukes

Question 32

Truman doctrine

Answer 32

The Truman Doctrine is an American foreign policy that pledges American “support for democracies against authoritarian threats.”
Kennan’s policy of containment

Question 33

Suez Canal crisis

Answer 33

egypt vs great britian and france for control over the suez canal
united nations forced a cease-fire resolution with support of soviets, one of the only times the us and soviets agreed during the cold war

Question 34

Hungarian Rebellion

Answer 34

people of Hungary, under Nikita Kruschevs influence, rebel and Hungary falls to communism, mainly since the US did not help hungary

Question 35

space race

Answer 35

race between the US and soviets to go to outer space
sputnik 1– first artificial satellite ever launched, launched by russia, huge success and lost US hope
vanguard 1– launched after russia, humiliation, failed attempt
apollo 11- US neil armstrong and buzz aldrin on the moon!