Eisenhower And JFK

Question 1

Election of 1952

Answer 1

Landslide victory for Eisenhower (442 to 89) — first Republican since 1928 (Hoover)

Question 2

Eisenhower’s Domestic Policy (what it is)

Answer 2

“Conservative when it comes to money and liberal when it comes to human beings”

Question 3

Eisenhower and his domestic policy

Answer 3

• moderate “middle-of-the-road” Republican
• Federal Govt. “smaller rather than bigger”
• Removed Truman’s wage and price controls
• budget surplus: $300 million

Question 4

Massive Retaliation Policy

Answer 4

Promised U.S. nuclear attacks in answer to Soviet Expansion
- Secretary of State, john foster Dulles
- condemned containment
- proposes new and bolder plan

Question 5

Brinkmanship

Answer 5

John Foster Dulles
Dulles believed he had to push Soviets to the brink of war to get results

Question 6

U.S.-Soviet arms race

Answer 6

Race to make nuclear weapons (“more bang for your buck”)
1. Hydrogen bombs replace atom bombs
2. Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBMS) (1,500 mile range)
3. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMS)

Question 7

Eisenhowers Domino Theory

Answer 7

When one country falls to communism, its neighbor will soon follow and communism will eventually reach America.

Question 8

Stalins death

Answer 8

Stalin dies in 1953 at age 74! Succeeded by Nikita Khrushchev

Question 9

Hungarian Revolution of 1956

Answer 9

Explosion: students and workers protested change in govt. and Soviets leave, U.S. did not intervene.

Question 10

Communism in Indochina

Answer 10

Peninsula in Southeast Asia, French colony: ~1787-1954
Vietminh (nationalist rebels led by communist leader) vs. French Forces (with financial aid)
Dien Bien Phu: French base in Vietnam where 13,000 French Soldiers were trapped by Vietminh

Question 11

Geneva Accords

Answer 11

French and Vietminh representatives gather in Switzerland, negotiate cease-fire
Vietminh controlled N. Vietnamese
S withdrawal— French troops
Free election 1956

Question 12

Communism in Cuba

Answer 12

• Spanish-American War U.S. Naval Base
• 1956 USA owned 90% Cuba’s mining wealth and 40% sugar crops

Question 13

Fidel Castro

Answer 13

American supported Cuban leader
Overthrows dictator, seized foreign owned property
Forms close ties with U.S.S.R.

Question 14

Cold War Thaw

Answer 14

Period of easer tension b/t U.S. + Soviets after Stalin’s death
Eisenhower discuss “Peaceful coexistence”
“Thaw” wont last long

Question 15

U-2 incident

Answer 15

May 1st 1960: Soviets shot down U-2 (spy) plane and captured U.S. pilot Gary Powers

Question 16

John F. Kennedy background

Answer 16

One of 9 (2nd oldest)
Why England Slept
WWII Purple Heart
Potsdam conference
House, Senate, and President

Question 17

Election of 1960

Answer 17

JFK (democrat) Promised “new programs to get the country moving again”
VS
Nixon (republican) pledge to continue the policies of Eisenhower

Question 18

The New Frontier (JFK)

Answer 18

43 years old (so young!)
More federal funds for education
Eradicate poverty
Civil Rights Legislation?
Landing a man on the moon by 1970

Question 19

JFK Assassination

Answer 19

Nov. 22, 1963: JFK killed in Dallas while traveling
JFK killed by Lee Harvey Oswald killed by Jack Ruby
Conspiracy?!!?!!

Question 20

Lyndon B. Johnson

Answer 20

Introduced a set of ambitious programs called the “Great Society”

Question 21

Johnson’s war on poverty

Answer 21

To help those living below the POVERTY LINE
Head Start- preschool education for children of families in poverty
Upward Bound- helped poor students attend college
Job Corps- offered training to young people looking for work
Volunteers in service to America (VISTA)- domestic peace corps of citizens working in poor neighborhoods
Expansion of Medicare- help for senior citizens And Medicaid- help for general poor

Question 22

Civil Rights Acts of 1964

Answer 22

Landmark legislastion that banned discrimination based on race, color, gender, etc.
Johnson signs bill into law

Question 23

Kennedy s foreign policy

Answer 23

Flexible Response- Kennedys plan to send special forces abroad (Green Berets) trained to fight Guerilla Wars
Communism— attractive alternative to impoverished countries around the globe

Question 24

Alliance for Progress

Answer 24

Kennedys 10 year developmental plan: to assist free leaders and free govts and casting off the chains of poverty
5000 people work in more than 40 countries around the world

Question 25

Bay of Pigs

Answer 25

1961: America’s plan to overthrow Castro using 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban refugees
Fidel Castro: Cuban forces crushed the exiles into submission.

Question 26

Berlin Wall

Answer 26

Wall of concrete blocks and barbed wire built by East Germany
Germany government with Soviet Support
Cut off communication and travel between Eastern and Western Germany

Question 27

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 27

October 1962: American spy plane maker unsettling discovery while flying over Cuba…
Soviets building nuclear missile launch sites! Sites near completion…
Kennedy orders naval blockade of Cuba

Question 28

July 20, 1969

Answer 28

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 1st humans to walk on the moon
“One giant leap for mankind!”
APOLLO PROJECT: NASA program aimed to land a man on the moon

Question 29

Proxy war

Answer 29

A war instigated by a major power which does not become involved.

Question 30

Hotline

Answer 30

Direct communication and missile line b/t Moscow and DC

Question 31

William Levitt

Answer 31

First mass produced residential housing development after WW2

Question 32

Earl Warren

Answer 32

Fourteenth chief justice of the USA. Make the decision that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

Question 33

Sputnik

Answer 33

First artificial earth satellite launched by the Soviet Union

Question 34

Beat Generation

Answer 34

Literary subculture movement started by a group of authors whose work explored American politics in the post-war era.

Question 35

GI bill

Answer 35

1944- GI bill helped veterans get money to pay for school/training.

Question 36

White Flight

Answer 36

New suburban communities limited emigration of poor and non-white residents from the city by zoning

Question 37

Baby boom

Answer 37

“Baby boomers” was a result of strong postwar economy, so Americans had more children. Grandparents

Question 38

Feminine mystique

Answer 38

Book by Betty Friedan claimed to be the rebirth of feminism, empowered college educated women to seek careers outside the home

Question 39

22nd amendment

Answer 39

No person shall be elected to the office of the president more than twice.