The Cranial Nerves Chapter 6

Question 1

Where are CN?

Answer 1

PNS

Question 2

What do CN do?

Answer 2

1. provides sensory/ motor information to structures in head and neck

Question 3

How many CN are there?

Answer 3

12

Question 4

CN I ?

Answer 4

Olfactory

Question 5

CN ll ?

Answer 5

Optic

Question 6

CN lll ?

Answer 6

Oculomotor

Question 7

CN lV ?

Answer 7

Trochlear

Question 8

CN V?

Answer 8

Trigeminal

Question 9

CN Vl ?

Answer 9

Abducens

Question 10

CN Vll ?

Answer 10

Facial

Question 11

CN Vlll ?

Answer 11

Vestibulocochlear

Question 12

CN lX ?

Answer 12

Glossopharyngeal

Question 13

CN X ?

Answer 13

Vagus

Question 14

CN Xl ?

Answer 14

Accessory

Question 15

CN Xll?

Answer 15

Hypoglossal

Question 16

Where is CN 6, 7, 8 located?

Answer 16

in between pons and medulla

Question 17

What nerve is in the pons?

Answer 17

1. Trigeminal

Question 18

Where are CN 9,10,11, 12 located?

Answer 18

medulla

Question 19

What are 3 ways to define CN?

Answer 19

1. Function
2. Area of service
3. Type of Fiber

Question 20

What are the 2 types of functions?

Answer 20

1. General

2. Special

Question 21

What does General Function mean ?

Answer 21

1. Motor and sensory or both

2. Sensory information provides motor info

Question 22

What does special functions mean?

Answer 22

1. never conveying special senses
2. no motor
3. smell CN l , auditory CN Vlll , vision CN ll

Question 23

CN l / CN ll / CN Vlll are ?

Answer 23

!. Special senses and sensory senses

Question 24

What are the 2 areas of service for CN ?

Answer 24

1. Somatic - functions were we have control

2. Visceral - functions that we don’t have control

Question 25

What are the 2 types of fibers in CN ?

Answer 25

1 Afferent - sensory 2. efferent - motor * could be both*

Question 26

Afferent connection ?

Answer 26

arrives

Question 27

Efferent connection ?

Answer 27

exist

Question 28

Olfactory CN ?

Answer 28

1. CN l 2. Only nerve fibers / projection that don't go to the thalamus for further processing 3. Sensory / special 4. Afferent - smell

Question 29

Olfactory CN location ?

Answer 29

Level at Cerebrum Brain

Question 30

Olfactory CN pathway ?

Answer 30

1. Initial receptors ( BIPOLAR ) of smell are in the nasal cavity. 2. Bipolar neurons take smell and assist on to the second neurons------ Olfactory bulb 3. Olfactory bulb passes though the ethmoid bone -------cribaform palate 4. through the cribaform palate holes projections / fibers of the nerve passes through to reach the cortex

Question 31

Where do the Olfactory CN end up in the cortex ?

Answer 31

1. temporal lobe | 2. Lombax system

Question 32

Lombax system ?

Answer 32

1. Memory and emotion

Question 33

Optic Nerve ?

Answer 33

1. CN ll 2. Special / Sensory 3. Afferent / Vision

Question 34

What is the Optic Nerve Pathway ?

Answer 34

1. respecters of the retina 2. the nerve comes out the most posterior part of the eyes ( nasal or temporal ) 3. travels until optic Chiasm - nasal crosses and temporal continues to go down 4. some of the nerves will travel to the superior colliculus and some will go to the LGN Thalamus 5. continues to the cortex ---- occipital lob

Question 35

what is optic chiasm ?

Answer 35

Crossing for nasal fibers of the Optic Nerve

Question 36

Where is the Optic Nerve ?

Answer 36

Level at the cerebrum brain

Question 37

Oculomotor Nerve ?

Answer 37

CN lll | Movement of Eyes

Question 38

What are the 2 Main fibers of Oculomotor Nerve ?

Answer 38

1. GVE -- constriction of pupil 2. GSE -- Holding eyelid open No Sensory !!

Question 39

What are 3 pathologies of Oculomotor Nerve ?

Answer 39

1. Ptosis - eyelids droopy 2. strabismus - eyes crossing 3. diplopia - seeing double

Question 40

Which Nerve Nuclei is located the pons?

Answer 40

5

Question 41

n/a

Answer 41

n/a

Question 42

Trochlear nerve ?

Answer 42

1. Movement of the eyes 2. GSE - Motor 3. CN lV

Question 43

what small muscle does Trochlear nerve innervate?

Answer 43

1. superior oblique musclé of the eye | 2. downward movement

Question 44

Trochlear nerve is the ONLY CN that exist where?

Answer 44

from the dorsal aspect

Question 45

Trigeminal ?

Answer 45

1. CN V 2. Largest Nerve 3. Has 3 major branches 4. Sensory touch, pain, temp, and vibration for face and mouth ---- GSA 5. motor chewing ------- GVE

Question 46

what are the 3 major branches of Trigeminal ?

Answer 46

1. Ophthalmic 2. maxillary 3. mandibular

Question 47

Trigeminal CN Ophthalmic branch ?

Answer 47

1. sensory 2. eye / forehead area 3. passes through superior fissure

Question 48

Trigeminal CN maxillary branch ?

Answer 48

1. Sensory 2. Maxilla skin 3. foramen rotundum

Question 49

Trigeminal CN mandibular branch ?

Answer 49

1. sensory / motor 2. anterior 2/3 of the tongue ---- sensory 3. mandible - chewing muscles -- motor 4. formen ovale

Question 50

Abducens ?

Answer 50

1. CN Vl 2. Motor GSE 3. controls movement of a signal muscle

Question 51

Abducens muscle?

Answer 51

1. Lateral rectus muscle of eye

Question 52

Facial ?

Answer 52

1. CN Vll 2. Morot and Sensory 3. problems could be bells palsy

Question 53

What are the motor of facial?

Answer 53

1. Muscle of facial expressions | 2. chewing/ speaking

Question 54

What are the sensory of facial CN?

Answer 54

1. taste anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 55

What is bells palsy ?

Answer 55

1. weakness in facial muscle 2. could be because of viral infection or not proper intervention of the facial Nerve 3. could be resolved in 4 - 6 months

Question 56

What nerves go through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 56

CN 7 | CN 8

Question 57

Vestibulocochlear ?

Answer 57

1. CN 8 2. two branches ---- vestibular and cochlear 3. sensory 4. deals with balance and audio at the same time

Question 58

Auditory Nerve pathway in Vestibulocochlear CN ?

Answer 58

1. stimulating the hair cells in the inner ear 2. goes to the spinal ganglion - cochlea 3. goes to the medulla 4. goes to the pons---- superior olivary complex 5. goes to mid brain --- inferior colliculus 6. MGN - thalamus 7. Auditory cortex

Question 59

Glossopharyngeal ?

Answer 59

1. CN 9 | 2. sensory and motor

Question 60

Sensory in the Glossopharyngeal CN? ( 4 items )

Answer 60

1. posterior 1/3 tongue 2. tonsils 3. pharynx 4. middle ear

Question 61

Motor ( parasympathetic fibers ) in the Glossopharyngeal CN? ( 2 items)

Answer 61

1. Gag reflux | 2. stylopharyngeus muscle innervation

Question 62

stylopharyngeus muscle innervation ?

Answer 62

elevates the larynx

Question 63

What nerves go through the Jugular foramen ?

Answer 63

9, 10 ,11

Question 64

Vagus CN?

Answer 64

1. Important for voice 2. lateral side of medulla 3. afferent , efferent , somatic , visceral

Question 65

n/a

Answer 65

n/a

Question 66

What are the 2 main branches of motor in vagus CN?

Answer 66

1. pharyngeal | 2. Laryngeal

Question 67

Pharyngeal Vagus CN ?

Answer 67

1. Superior 2. Middel 3. Inferior pharyngeal constrictors 4. levator veli palatinl

Question 68

levator veli palatinl?

Answer 68

1. elevating volume | 2. doesn't work right could cause nasal speech / regurgitation

Question 69

Laryngeal Vagus CN ?

Answer 69

1. muscle of the larynx 2. sensory above and below the larynx - not feeling anything going into the air way

Question 70

Motor Vagus CN ?

Answer 70

``` 1. pain from pharynx larynx esophagus abdominal ```

Question 71

Accessory ?

Answer 71

CN 11 2 branches spinal and cranial provides motor innervation 2 muscles GSE nerve

Question 72

in the Accessory CN what two muscles are innervated?

Answer 72

1. sternocleidomastoid muscle | 2. Upper part of trapezius muscle

Question 73

Hypoglossal Nerve ?

Answer 73

1. GSE motor 2. Motor fibers to all muscle of the tongue EXEPT PALATOGLOSSUS --- innervated by vagus 3. if not innervated could cause articulation problems