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Neuroanatomy > Development of the Nervous Systems Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Development of the Nervous Systems Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How many stages are there in the development of the nervous systems?

A

6

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2
Q

what are the stages in the development of the nervous systems?

A
  1. Dorsal induction
  2. Ventral induction
  3. Neural Proliferation
  4. Neural Migration
  5. Cortical organization and Synapses Formation
  6. Myelination
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3
Q

When is the Dorsal induction ?

A

GA : 3-7 Weeks

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4
Q

what happens in Dorsal induction?

A

The neural Tube is formed

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5
Q

in the Dorsal induction how is the neural tube formed?

A

GA week 3 : the posterior part gets thick and Neural plate is formed

GA week 4: Neuroplate wraps around to form the euro tube

GA week 6: Both ends of the Neuro tube will close

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6
Q

what does Neurulation mean?

A

the Neuraltube wrapping around each other

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7
Q

What develops out of the neural tube?

A

The central nervous system

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8
Q

Why is dorsal induction such a critical period?

A

For the central nervous system to develop

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9
Q

What are three embryonic errors ?

A
  1. encephalopathy
  2. anencephaly
  3. spina bifida
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10
Q

when does ventral induction happen?

A

GA: 2-3 months

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11
Q

What happens during ventral induction ?

A

the face and brain develop out of superior end of the tube

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12
Q

what does Corpus Callosum mean ?

A

Dividing two hemispheres between and between the hemispheres will develop

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13
Q

in the Ventral induction what are the 3 primary divisions ?

A
  1. Prosencephalon
  2. mesencephalon
  3. rhombencephalon
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14
Q

what are the 2 secondary divisions of Prosencephalon?

A
  1. Telencephalon

2. diencephalon

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15
Q

What does Telencephalon make?

A

Cerebral Hemisphere

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16
Q

what are the 4 things diencephalon make?

A
  1. epithalamus
  2. thalamus
  3. hypothalamus
  4. neurohypophysis
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17
Q

what is the secondary division in mesencephalon?

A

mesencephalon

18
Q

what does mesencephalon make ?

A

Midbrain

19
Q

where is mesencephalon?

A

superior part of the brain stem

20
Q

What are the 2 secondary division in rhombencephalon ?

A
  1. Metencephalon

2. myelencephalon

21
Q

what does Metencephalon make?

A

Pons cerebellum

22
Q

what does myelencephalon make?

A

Medulla

23
Q

where is the Medulla ?

A

Most inferior part of the Brain stem

24
Q

when does the Neural Proliferation happen?

A

GA: 3-4 months

25
Q

What happens during Neural proliferation ?

A

Birth of new neurons

Glial cells

26
Q

what do Glial Cells do?

A

help support the neurons

27
Q

what are neurons ?

A

Main cells of the nervous systems

28
Q

What is an abnormality that could happen ?

A

Microcephaly

29
Q

what is Microcephaly ?

A

Small head

30
Q

When is Neural Migration ?

A

GA 3-5 Months

31
Q

what happens during Neural Migration?

A

Neurons move into the correct position

Development of Guyri and Sulci

32
Q

What is Chemical Reelin do during Neural Migration?

A

signals neurons where to stop

33
Q

During Neural Migration at 20 weeks what happens?

A

process stops and 6 layers of cerebral cortex are established

34
Q

When does Cortical organization and Synapses Formation happen?

A

GA: 5 months to years

35
Q

What happens during Cortical organization and Synapses Formation?

A

Synapses start to form and make neurons communicate with each other

36
Q

what is is called where Dendrite and Axons start to Communicate

A

Synapses

37
Q

When is Myelination ?

A

GA: Birth to years

38
Q

what happens during Myelination ?

A

Neuron Axons are coated with Myelin

39
Q

what is Myelin ?

A

fatty material

40
Q

what happens when the Axons are coated in Myelin ?

A

Makes signals from the nerve faster

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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