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Neuroanatomy > Chapter 2 Test Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Test Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Morula ?

A
  1. is the action when the sperm fertilizes the egg
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2
Q

After Morula what happens to the cells?

A
  1. it divides making a ball of cells called a blast
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3
Q

What is in the blast?

A
  1. Endoderm
  2. Ectoderm
  3. Mesoderm
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4
Q

What does endoderm house?

A
  1. lungs, guts, liver, inside belly
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5
Q

What does ectoderm house?

A
  1. nervous system and skin
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6
Q

What does mesoderm ?

A
  1. muscles and bones
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7
Q

What are the six development of nervous system?

A
  1. dorsal induction
  2. ventral induction
  3. neural proliferation
  4. neuronal migration
  5. cortical organization and synapse formation
  6. myelination
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8
Q

Dorsal induction?

A
  1. first stage

2. neural tube

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9
Q

How is the neural tube made?

A
  • the neural plate is formed the posterior part of it
    gets thick
    • neural-plate wraps around
    • both ends ( neural pores ) close above / below
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10
Q

What is neurulation?

A
  1. neural-plate wraps around
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11
Q

What develops in the neural tube?

A

CNS

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12
Q

Why is Dorsal induction so important?

A
  1. because the neural tube will form neural tube, CNS will develop
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13
Q

Ventral induction ?

A
  1. second stage

2. Neurodevelopment period when face and brain develop of superior end of the tube

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14
Q

What is Corpus Callosum?

A
  1. Dividing 2 hemisphere between and that part will be developed
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15
Q

What are the primary division in the ventral induction ?

A
  1. Prosencephalon
  2. Mesencephalon
  3. Rhombencephalon
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16
Q

What are the secondary division in the ventral induction in the Prosencephalon ?

A
  1. Telencephalon

2. Diencephalon

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17
Q

What are the secondary division in the ventral induction in the Mesencephalon ?

A
  1. Mesencephalon
18
Q

What are the secondary division in the ventral induction in the Rhombencephalon ?

A
  1. Metencephalon

2. Myelencephalon

19
Q

What neural tissues are made in Telencephalon ?

A
  1. Cerebral Hemisphere
  2. Cerebral cortex
  3. basal ganglia
  4. olfactory bulbs
20
Q

What neural tissues are made in Diencephalon ?

A
  1. Thalamus

2. Hypothalamus

21
Q

What neural tissues are made in Mesencephalon ?

A
  1. midbrain

superior pt of the brain stem

22
Q

What neural tissues are made in Metencephalon ?

A
  1. Pons cerebellum
23
Q

What neural tissues are made in Myelencephalon ?

A
  1. Medulla

inferior pt of the brain stem

24
Q

Neural proliferation ?

A
  1. third stage

2. Neurons being created

25
Q

What is Neurogenesis ?

A
  1. the birth of new neurons
26
Q

What is Neuronal migration ?

A
  1. fourth stage
  2. new neurons move in a wave like fission to their correct position in cerebral hemispheres
  3. development of the gyrus and sulcus and cerebral lobes
27
Q

What chemical is related during Neuronal migration ?

A
  1. Reelin
28
Q

What is Reelin?

A

Signals neurons where to stop

29
Q

Cortical organization and Synapse formation ?

A
  1. fifth stage
  2. they sprout dendrites and axons
  3. Synapse starts
30
Q

what is the the main point of synapse during the Cortical organization and Synapse formation ?

A
  1. start to form and make neurons communicate with each other
31
Q

Myelination ?

A
  1. Sixth stage
  2. Axons are coated with Myelin
  3. when infants gain greater controls of their bodies and begin to develop the ability to communicate verbally
32
Q

What does myelin coating axons do?

A
  1. makes signals from neurons faster
33
Q

Adolescent Brains ?

A
  1. brain is not complete until 25

2. rely more on feelings then on logic because the prefrontal context is not fully developed

34
Q

How does the brain develop?

A
  1. Back to front
35
Q

What are 3 Neural Tube Defects ?

A
  1. Encephalocele
  2. Anencephaly
  3. Spina Bifida
36
Q

Encephalocele ?

A

Part of the brain protrudes from skull

37
Q

How does Encephalocele happen?

A

when the superior neural pores do not close

38
Q

Anencephaly ?

A

brain development creases at the brain stem; child with out cerebral hemispheres

no hemisphere

39
Q

Spina Bifida ?

A

a cyst on back that may or may not involve spinal cord

sensory/ motor symptoms

40
Q

How does Spina Bifida happen ?

A

Inferior neuron pores don’t close

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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