Chapter 1 Test Study Guied Flashcards
What are the major parts of the nervous systems?
- CNS
2. PNS
What are the main structures in the CNS?
- Brain
2. Spinal Cord
What is the main structure in PNS?
- Nerves
What are two major nerves in the PNS?
- Cranial Nerves
2. Spinal Nerves
Cranial Nerves?
- Small branches that come off the brain
2. sends messages from the brain to the head and neck area
Spinal Nerves?
- Come off spinal cord
2. 31 pairs of them
What are the 3 body sections?
- Coronal
- Sagittal
- Transverse
Coronal Section?
Front to Back
Sagittal Section?
Left to Right
Transverse Section?
Upper to Lower
Superior ?
- high
2. front part of the brain
Inferior is also known as?
- caudal
Caudal?
- low
2. back part of the brain
Anterior is also known as ?
- ventral
Ventral ?
- Towards the tummy
2. Belly of the brain
Posterior is also known as ?
- Dorsal
Dorsal?
- Towards the back
2. Top of the brain
Lateral ?
- Away from the bodies midline
2. Side of the brain
Medial ?
- Toward the middle
Proximal?
- The point nearest limb attachment
Distal ?
- The point far from the point
Peripheral ?
- Toward the outer surface
Central ?
- Toward the inner center
Ipsilateral ?
- on the same side
Contralateral ?
- opposite side
What is the difference between anatomical VS. clinical orientation?
- Anatomical is something you can hold or pictures
- the right is right
- the left is left
- the view is from above ( Ventral down Dorsal up)
- Clinical Orientation is like a MRI
- right is left
- left is right
- looking at it from the feet up
(Ventral up Dorsal Down)
What are the four brain structures ?
- Gyrus
- Sulcus
- Fissure
- Lobes
Gyrus?
Bumpy areas
Sulcus ?
Depressions
Fissures ?
Divides the brain with deep depressions
What are the main fissures?
- Longitude
- Latitude
- Central
Lobes?
Places across the brain that has specific functions
What are the four lobes?
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Occipital
- Temporal
Frontal ?
Motor move
personality
speech
Parietal ?
Sensory
Occipital ?
Vision
Temporal ?
Hearing
Anatomical approach?
- Based on gross anatomy of nervous system
What is the Functional System Based on ?
- Based on the function of the nervous system
The functional system is either …. ?
- Voluntary
2. involuntary
The nervous system is divided into two system?
- Sensory System
2. Motor System
The sensory system is ?
- afferant
The motor system is ?
- effarent
Afferent ?
- Gets inför outside and brings it in to the nervous system
Effarent ?
- Takes info out of nervous system to our body
What are the 2 main systems in the sensory system?
- Somatosensory
2. Visceral
Somatosensory?
- sensory
2. pressure, pain, vibration, hearing
Visceral?
- no control
2. hunger, thirst, organs
What are the two systems in the motor system?
- Automatic
2. Somatic
Automatic ?
- acts as a control system functioning outside levels of consiousness
- heart rate, breathing, sexual arousal
Somatic ?
- raising hand, talking
What are the automatic nervous systems 3 divisions?
- Parasympathetic
- Sympathetic
- Enten
Parasympathetic ?
- rest digest
- conserves energy - active during sleep
- blood pressure goes down, breathing slow down
Sympathetic ?
- flight / fight
- makes you ready
- dilates eyes
Developmental approach?
- look at brain organization based on what has happened during development of the brain