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Neuroanatomy > Protection of the CNS Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Protection of the CNS Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main protections for CNS?

A
  1. Skull
  2. Meninges
  3. BBB
  4. CSF
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2
Q

How many bones are in infants and adults?

A
  1. 33

2. 26

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3
Q

What are the 5 sections of the veritable column ?

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacrum
  5. Coccyx
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4
Q

how many bones are in Cervical ?

A

7

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5
Q

how many bones are in Thoracic ?

A

12

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6
Q

how many bones are in Lumbar ?

A

5

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7
Q

how many bones are in Sacrum ?

A

5 fused 1 big

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8
Q

how many bones are in Coccyx ?

A

4 fused 1 big

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9
Q

What is the Skull made of ?

A
  1. Cranium

2. Mandible

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10
Q

What is the Cranium made of?

A
  1. Calvary

2. facial selection

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11
Q

In the Calvary which bones are paired?

A
  1. partial bone

2. Temporal bone

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12
Q

What part of the skull can you see in a superior view ?

A
  1. frontal
  2. occipital
  3. parietal
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13
Q

What are the 3 main sutures in the superior view?

A
  1. coronal
  2. sagital
  3. lambdoidal
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14
Q

what are sutures ?

A

dense flexible tissue that fills in the gap tissue provides flexibility / movement of the skull

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15
Q

Which part of the skull doesn’t have sutures?

A

Mandible

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16
Q

What age does the sutures become less flexible ?

A

30 -35

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17
Q

What 2 structures make the hard palate ?

A
  1. palatine process

2. palatine bone

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18
Q

What 2 structures make the zygomatic arch?

A
  1. zygomatic bone

2. temporal bone

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19
Q

what is fontanel?

A

big structure between the bones giving lots of flexibility

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20
Q

Infant skull comparison ?

A
  1. sutures are flexible

2. make it possible for them to go through the birth canal

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21
Q

how long do these sutures stay soft for?

A

2 years

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22
Q

what are the main two sutures in an infants skull?

A
  1. frontal fontanel

2. occipital fontanel

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23
Q

In the skull base what are the 3 regions of the skull?

A
  1. anterior
  2. middel
  3. posterior
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24
Q

what happens in the Cribriform palate ?

A

old factory nerves come outside of brain

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25
what is a Foramen?
hole in the skull that has nerves and blood go through
26
What are 3 most important Foramens?
1. Foramen rotundum 2. foramen ovale 3. Foramen Spinosum
27
what travels through the Foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, Foramen Spinosum?
CN5
28
what foramen has the spinal cord traveling through ?
Foramen magnum
29
In the Anterior region what is a sensitive bone?
Ethmoid bone
30
what 2 structures make Ethmoid bone?
1. cristal grilla | 2. cribriform palate
31
where is the Ethmoid bone?
upper palate barrier between nasal cavity and brain
32
what could happen if the Ethmoid bone was fractured ?
brain would leak CSF into the nasal cavity leading to infection
33
what are Meninges?
another layer of perfection
34
what are the 3 most important layers of the Meninges?
1. Dura 2. Arachnoid 3. Pia
35
Dura ?
Most outside layer
36
what are the 3 main part of the Dura?
1. flax Cerebri 2. Tentorium Cerebelli 3. flax Cerebelli
37
what is the flax Cerebri ?
Separates the two hemispheres of the brain left and right | posterior / anterior
38
what is the Tentorium Cerebelli ?
It separates the brain occipital lobe from above
39
what its the flax Cerebelli ?
I separates the two hemispheres of the cerebellum
40
Where are sinuses?
placed where the Durra is not connected
41
Arachnoid ?
thin neurovascular membrane between the Dura and the PIA Flexible tissue that protects the brain
42
What doe the Arachnoid contain?
Subarachnoid space
43
what is Subarachnoid space ?
CSF travels through this space
44
what is the Pia ?
thin vascular layer immediately attached to the brain | sticky
45
what is a real space?
1. in normal situation the space still exist
46
what is a potential space?
I and normal situation there is not a space
47
when does a potential space happen?
It does can develop when a pathology happens
48
what is an example of real space?
I subarachnoid space because the space is filled with SF
49
what are 2 example of potential spaces?
1. "Epidural space | 2. subdural space
50
And what could cause the epidural space to become a potential space ?
If the middle Meningeal artery ruptures
51
what happens if the middle Meningeal artery ruptures ?
I blood will fill up causing an epidural hematoma Oh and these are pretty easy to see because they're in very specific places in the skull
52
subdural hematoma ?
I tearing of bridging veins due to trauma. | Play accumulation of Venice blood between the Dura and arachnoid
53
what is a subarachnoid I hematoma?
I accumulation of blood in the CSF filled space
54
what is the function of CSF?
Are watery fluid that helps protect the brain
55
How much CSF is made every day?
300 to 400 mL
56
I what are four main ways CFS protects the brain ?
1. cushioning 2. Removal of waste 3. Nourishing 4. Are reduction of weight
57
I where is CSF produced in the brain?
ventricles
58
And what are the four ventricles were CSF is produced ?
1. Left lateral 2. Right lateral 3. third 4. fourth
59
what is Aqueduct ?
connect the third and fourth
60
Choroid plexus ?
cell inside the ventricle that produces CSF
61
what is hydrocephalus ?
too much CSF yes in cranial cavity
62
how do you get hydrocephalus?
production > absorption

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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