The Brain II

Question 1

The thalamus acts as the ______ _______ and the cerebellum acts as the ________ of the brain.

Answer 1

Relay station

Brain

Question 2

The thalamus is composed of paired, oval masses of what?

Answer 2

Mostly gray matter

Question 3

What are the paired oval masses of gray matter organized into?

Answer 3

Nuclei that form the lateral walls of the third ventricle

Question 4

What is the thalamus the principle relay station for?

Answer 4

Sensory impulses (expect smell) that reach the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum

Question 5

In every picture of the brainstem, where is the thalamus located?

Answer 5

On the top

Question 6

Where is the hypothalamus located?

Answer 6

Below the thalamus

Question 7

The hypothalamus is a small portion of _________.

Answer 7

diencephalon

Question 8

The hypothalamus forms what in the third ventricle?

Answer 8

The floor and the lateral walls

Question 9

What are the nuclei of the hypothalamus the major control center for?

Answer 9

Maintaining homeostasis and regulating endocrine function: activities of the ANS, body temperature, food and water intake, waking and sleeping patterns.

Question 10

The hypothalamus is the primary link between the ______ and the _________ systems.

Answer 10

nervous, endocrine

Question 11

The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by a _________.

Answer 11

stalk

Question 12

The epithalamus is a small mass of tissue located just above the ________.

Answer 12

thalamus

Question 13

What does the epithalamus form in the third ventricle?

Answer 13

The roof

Question 14

What comes off the the epithalamus posteriorly?

Answer 14

The pineal gland of the endocrine system

Question 15

What is the second largest region of the brain?

Answer 15

The cerebellum

Question 16

Where is the cerebellum located?

Answer 16

Posterior and inferior to the cerebrum

Question 17

How many hemispheres does the cerebellum have?

Answer 17

Two

Question 18

What two matters does the cerebellum consist of?

Answer 18

Outer cortex of gray matter, and an inner area of white matter,

Question 19

What are the tracts of the white matter in the cerebellum that have a distinct branching pattern?

Answer 19

Arbor vitae

Question 20

What is the cerebellum responsible for coordinating and how does it perform this function?

Answer 20

Skeletal muscle contractions by recruiting precise motor units from within the muscles, including coordination eye and head movements

Question 21

How does the cerebellum maintain muscle tone and posture?

Answer 21

Through incoming streams of data from proprioceptors

Question 22

How does the cerebellum act as a computer?

Answer 22

It performs successions of almost instantaneous analyses of all the data received

Question 23

What three parts of the brain are inextricably interrelated in control of muscular activity?

Answer 23

The cerebral cortex, the basal nuclei, and the cerebellum

Question 24

If a patient comes in with a cerebellar injury what Sx will they exhibit?

Answer 24

Loss of muscle tone, clumsy movements, difficulty with: rhythmic finger tapping, climbing stairs, planning, scheduling, and discerning the difference between similar sounding words.

Question 25

______ pairs of cerebellar _________ attach the cerebellum to the _________ parts of the ______ ______

Answer 25

Three, peduncles, three, brain stem

Question 26

Cerebellar cortex is on the _______ side of the body.

Answer 26

Same

Question 27

The brainstem consists of the three parts:

Answer 27

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 28

The brainstem is the pathway from the _________ ____ to the _______.

Answer 28

spinal cord, brain

Question 29

The brainstem serves as the origin of?

Answer 29

10 of the 12 cranial nerves

Question 30

Why is the brainstem known as the “survival brain”?

Answer 30

Produces a rigid autonomic behaviors necessary for survival