Appendicular Skeleton II Flashcards
What is the physiology pelvic girdle?
Encloses and protects the viscera of the pelvic cavity:
The lower intestine/colon, bladder, reproductive organs
Provides a strong, stable support for the lower extremities
What is the anatomy of the pelvic girdle?
Is made form 2 coxal bones or “hip bones”
What three bones form a coxal bone?
Ilium, ischium, and the pubis
Where do the coxa attach anteriorly?
At the pubic symphysis (fibrocartilage)
Where do the coxa attach posteriorly?
To the sacrum
What is the name of the joint between the sacrum and the pelvic girdle?
The sacroiliac joint
What is the ilium?
Largest of the three hip bones, most superior
Name the parts of the ilium
Sacroiliac joint, iliac fossa, iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, anterior inferior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine, posterior inferior iliac spine, greater sciatic notch
What is the physiology of the sacroiliac joint?
Receives the weight of the upper body
What is the iliac fossa?
The anterior fossa of the hip
What is the anatomy of the iliac crest?
Top of ilium, goes from the anterior superior iliac spine to the posterior superior iliac spine
Where is the anterior superior iliac spine?
You can feel it anteriorly and superiorly on the iliac crest
Where is the anterior inferior iliac spine?
Can’t palpate it. Below anterior superior iliac spine
Where is the posterior superior iliac spine?
Forms dimples on the lower back
Where is the posterior inferior iliac spine?
Can’t palpate it. Below posterior superior iliac spine
What is the anatomy of the greater sciatic notch of the ilium?
Sciatic nerve passes through notch, continues down posterior thigh
In what view can the greater sciatic notch of the ilium be seen?
Only in a side view
What is the anatomy of the ischium?
Inferior and posterior portion of coxal bone
What is the anatomy of the ischial spine?
Can see from both views, ant and pos.
What is the anatomy of the lesser sciatic notch of the ischium?
Under the ischial spine
What is the anatomy of the ischial tuberosity?
The hamstring muscles attach here
What is the physiology of the ischial tuberosity?
The “sit bones” support the body while sitting
What is the ramus of the ischium?
Projection bone; meets the ramus of the pubis and forms the obturator foramen
What is the obturator foramen?
Closed up” foramen. Largest foramen in the body, closed-in by tissue
What is the anatomy of the pubis?
Inferior and anterior portion of coxal bone
What is the anatomy of the superior ramus of the pubis?
Meets the ilium
What is the anatomy of the inferior ramus of the pubis?
Meets the ramus of the ischium, forms the obturator foramen
What is the anatomy of the body of the pubis?
Between the two rami
Contributes to the formation of the pubic symphysis
What is the anatomy of the pubic crest?
Where the abdominal muscles attach
What is the acetabulum?
A fossa located on the axial surface of the each coxa
It means “shallow vinegar cup”
What articulates with the acetabulum?
The head of the femur
What is the pelvic brim/pelvic inlet?
A line from the sacral promontory to the pubic crest
This “line” separates the lesser (true) pelvis from the greater (false) pelvis
What is the pelvic outlet?
A line that goes from tip of coccyx to lower part of the pubic symphysis
Describe the female pelvic inlet
Wide and oval shaped
120 degree pubic arch
Describe the male pelvic inlet
Heart shaped; 90 degree pubic arch
