the basics Flashcards
measurement and units included
what is matter?
anything that occupies space and has mass
What are the 5 different branches of chemistry?
Organic chem Inorganic chem Biochem Physical chem Nuclear chem
What is an organic compound?
A compound that contains carbon and hydrogen bonds
What element do most inorganic compounds not contain?
Carbon
What is scientific inquiry?
The process of using evidence from observation to create an explanation
(the path to create an explanation)
The scientific method is a form of _____
scientific inquiry
Scientific method answers ___ question. It is a ____ process done in the ___ order each time. Results must be ______.
one
step by step
communicated
What is step 1/7 of the scientific method?
Ask a question/identify a problem
What is step 2/7 of the scientific method?
Conduct background research
What is step 3/7 of the scientific method?
Create a hypothesis
What is step 4/7 of the scientific method?
Test a hypothesis with experiments
What is step 5/7 of the scientific method?
Collect data and make observations
What is step 6/7 of the scientific method?
Analyze results and draw conclusions
What is step 7/7 of the scientific method?
Communicate results
What is pure science?
The search for knowledge or facts
uses theories and predictions to understand nature
What is applied science?
Using knowledge in a practical way
relating to engineering and tech
What is a scientific theory?
a proposed explanation to something based on facts and evidence
tells you why something happens
can be proven false/changed
What is a scientific law?
describe what happens in nature based on a repeated observation
tells you exactly what happens
What is an experiment without any changed factors called? What is it used for
The control experiment
Used as a standard comparison for the experiment
What are factors that don’t change during experiments called?
Constants
What is a variable in an experiment?
A factor that can alter the results of your experiment
What does a controlled experiment teach you about a variable?
The influence of the variable
What is an independent variable?
The variable that is changed in an experiment
What is a dependent variable?
The variable that is influenced by the changing of the independent variable, as well as the result of your experiment
What does “accurate” mean?
How close a measured value is to a standard or known value (accuracy of an arrow = how close to center of the target)
Good data consists of both ____ and _____ observations
Qualitative and quantitative
What does “precise” mean?
How close multiple measured values are to each other (precision of a dart - are they all hitting the same area?)
How to calculate percent error?
(Value found in experiment - accepted value)/(accepted value) *100
SI unit for length?
meter
SI unit for mass?
grams
SI unit for weight/force?
Newton
SI unit for volume?
Liter
SI unit for temperature?
Kelvin
SI unit for time?
second
SI unit for pressure?
N/(m^2) or Pascal
SI unit for electric current?
Ampere
SI unit for amount of substrate (Substrate concentration is the amount of substrate present that can be turned into product and is most commonly measured in molarity (moles per liter)) ?
Mol
What is the mnemonic for the SI prefixes for factors of 10? Name all of them from greatest to least
Great Mighty King Henry Died by Drinking Chunky Milk Monday Night
giga, mega, kilo, hecto, deca, deci, centi, milli, micro, nano
What is dimensional analysis?
A mathematical method used to switch between units using ratios
SI unit for density?
grams per liter or kg/m^3
SI unit for heat?
calorie
What is the formula to convert Celcius to Kelvin?
K=C+273.15
What is the formula to convert Farenheit to Celcius?
C=(F-32)*5/9 or C=(F-32)/1.8
How many kilopascals/pascals is 1 atm (atmosphere)?
101.325 kpa or 101325 pa
What is STP defined as? What is it’s actual value?
The pressure at sea level
1 atmosphere, 101.325 kpa, 101325 pa
