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Gross Anatomy > The Back > Flashcards

The Back Flashcards

0
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

clavicle, scapula, acromion

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1
Q

What is the direction and origin of the trapezius?

A

Superior lateral, EOP (external occipital protuberance), superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

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2
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

spinal accessory nerve XI, C3-C4 shrug some more

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3
Q

What are the main actions of the trapezius?

A

elevation (descending), depression (ascending) and all parts retract scapula, rotate glenoid cavity

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4
Q

What is the direction and origin of the latissismus dorsi?

A

Inferior, iliac crest, 9th-12th ribs, spinous process T7-T12

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5
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

A

floor of the intertubecular sulcus of the humerus

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A

C6-C8 thoracodorsal nerve (make the latts great)

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7
Q

What are the main actions of the latissimus dorsi?

A

extends, adducts, medially rotates shoulder

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8
Q

What is the direction and origin of the rhomboid major?

A

Superior medial, spinous process of T2-T5

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9
Q

What is the insertion of the rhomboid major?

A

medial border of the scapula

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid major?

A

dorsal scapular nerve C5

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11
Q

What are the main actions of the rhomboid major?

A

retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity

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12
Q

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

A

C1-C4 posterior tubercles

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

A

medial border of scapula

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

C5 dorsal scapular nerve, C3, C4

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15
Q

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

A

elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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16
Q

What muscles make up the auscilation triangle?

A

Rhomboid major, trapezius, lattissimus dorsi

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17
Q

What are the errector spinae muscles?

A

I love spaghetti

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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18
Q

What muscles are in the suboccipital triangle?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, Rectus capitis posterior minor, Obliquus capitis superior, Obliquus capitis inferior

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19
Q

The erector spinae all originate where?

A

broad tendon on iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, supraspinous ligament

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20
Q

Where does the iliocostalis insert?

A

lumborum, thoracis, cervicis–>fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

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21
Q

Where does the longissimus insert?

A

thoracis, cervicis, capitalis–>fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercules and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions and to mastoid process of temporal bone

22
Q

Where does the spinalis insert?

A

thoracis, cervicis, capitalis–>fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region and to cranium

23
Q

What is the nerve supply of the erector spinae?

A

Poserior rami of the spinal nerves

24
Q

What are the main actions of the erector spinae?

A

extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers

laterally flex vertebral column

25
Q

What is the origin of the splenius?

A

nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6

26
Q

What is the insertion of the splenius capitis?

A

fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

27
Q

What is the insertion of the splenis cervicis?

A

tubercules of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4

28
Q

What is the nerve supply of the splenius?

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves (like erector spinae)

29
Q

What is the main action of the splenius?

A

laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles

extend head and neck

30
Q

What are the transversospinales?

A

some more ragu

semispinalis, multifudus, rotatores

31
Q

What is the origin of the semispinalis?

A

transverse processes of C4-T10

32
Q

What is the insertion of the semispinalis?

A

fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions

33
Q

What is the nerve supply of the transversospinales?

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

34
Q

What is the nerve supply for transversospinales and erector spinae?

A

posterior rami of the spinal nerves

35
Q

What is the main action of the semispinalis?

A

extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterallly

36
Q

What are the different part of the semispinais?

A

cervicis, thoracis, capitis

37
Q

What is the origin of the multifundus?

A

arises from the posterior sacrum, posterior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, C4-C7

38
Q

What is the insertion of the multifudus?

A

fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes located 2-4 segments superior to origin

39
Q

What is the main action of the multifidus?

A

unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side; stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

40
Q

What is the origin of the rotatores?

A

transverse processes of vertebrae, mostly in thoracic region

41
Q

What is the insertion of the rotatores?

A

fibers pass superomedially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately or two segments suuperior to vertebra of origin

42
Q

What is the main action of the rotatores?

A

may function as organs of proprioception; possibly stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column

60
Q

What are the boundaries of the rectus capitis posterior major and where do they arise from?

A

Superomedially–>arises from the spinous process of the C2

61
Q

Where does the rectus capitis posterior major insert?

A

lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone

62
Q

Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor arise from?

A

posterior tubercle on the posterior arch of C1

63
Q

Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor insert?

A

medial third of the inferior nuchal line

64
Q

Where does the obliquus capitis inferior originate/what are the contents?

A

spinous process of C2, inferolaterally

65
Q

Where does the obliquus capitis inferior insert?

A

transverse process of C1

66
Q

What is the origin/content of the obliquus capitis superior?

A

superolaterally, transverse process of C1

67
Q

Where does the obliquus capitis superior insert?

A

occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines

68
Q

What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T1

69
Q

What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?

A

Triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

70
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve, C5

Gross Anatomy (16 decks)

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