The Back Flashcards
What is the insertion of the trapezius?
clavicle, scapula, acromion
What is the direction and origin of the trapezius?
Superior lateral, EOP (external occipital protuberance), superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
What is the innervation of the trapezius?
spinal accessory nerve XI, C3-C4 shrug some more
What are the main actions of the trapezius?
elevation (descending), depression (ascending) and all parts retract scapula, rotate glenoid cavity
What is the direction and origin of the latissismus dorsi?
Inferior, iliac crest, 9th-12th ribs, spinous process T7-T12
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
floor of the intertubecular sulcus of the humerus
What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?
C6-C8 thoracodorsal nerve (make the latts great)
What are the main actions of the latissimus dorsi?
extends, adducts, medially rotates shoulder
What is the direction and origin of the rhomboid major?
Superior medial, spinous process of T2-T5
What is the insertion of the rhomboid major?
medial border of the scapula
What is the innervation of the rhomboid major?
dorsal scapular nerve C5
What are the main actions of the rhomboid major?
retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity
What is the origin of the levator scapulae?
C1-C4 posterior tubercles
What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?
medial border of scapula
What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?
C5 dorsal scapular nerve, C3, C4
What is the action of the levator scapulae?
elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
What muscles make up the auscilation triangle?
Rhomboid major, trapezius, lattissimus dorsi
What are the errector spinae muscles?
I love spaghetti
iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
What muscles are in the suboccipital triangle?
Rectus capitis posterior major, Rectus capitis posterior minor, Obliquus capitis superior, Obliquus capitis inferior
The erector spinae all originate where?
broad tendon on iliac crest, posterior sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, supraspinous ligament
Where does the iliocostalis insert?
lumborum, thoracis, cervicis–>fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
Where does the longissimus insert?
thoracis, cervicis, capitalis–>fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercules and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions and to mastoid process of temporal bone
Where does the spinalis insert?
thoracis, cervicis, capitalis–>fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region and to cranium
What is the nerve supply of the erector spinae?
Poserior rami of the spinal nerves
What are the main actions of the erector spinae?
extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers
laterally flex vertebral column
What is the origin of the splenius?
nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6
What is the insertion of the splenius capitis?
fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
What is the insertion of the splenis cervicis?
tubercules of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4
What is the nerve supply of the splenius?
posterior rami of spinal nerves (like erector spinae)
What is the main action of the splenius?
laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles
extend head and neck
What are the transversospinales?
some more ragu
semispinalis, multifudus, rotatores
What is the origin of the semispinalis?
transverse processes of C4-T10
What is the insertion of the semispinalis?
fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions
What is the nerve supply of the transversospinales?
posterior rami of spinal nerves
What is the nerve supply for transversospinales and erector spinae?
posterior rami of the spinal nerves
What is the main action of the semispinalis?
extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterallly
What are the different part of the semispinais?
cervicis, thoracis, capitis
What is the origin of the multifundus?
arises from the posterior sacrum, posterior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, C4-C7
What is the insertion of the multifudus?
fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes located 2-4 segments superior to origin
What is the main action of the multifidus?
unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side; stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column
What is the origin of the rotatores?
transverse processes of vertebrae, mostly in thoracic region
What is the insertion of the rotatores?
fibers pass superomedially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately or two segments suuperior to vertebra of origin
What is the main action of the rotatores?
may function as organs of proprioception; possibly stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column
What are the boundaries of the rectus capitis posterior major and where do they arise from?
Superomedially–>arises from the spinous process of the C2
Where does the rectus capitis posterior major insert?
lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone
Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor arise from?
posterior tubercle on the posterior arch of C1
Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor insert?
medial third of the inferior nuchal line
Where does the obliquus capitis inferior originate/what are the contents?
spinous process of C2, inferolaterally
Where does the obliquus capitis inferior insert?
transverse process of C1
What is the origin/content of the obliquus capitis superior?
superolaterally, transverse process of C1
Where does the obliquus capitis superior insert?
occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
What is the origin of the rhomboid minor?
Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T1
What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?
Triangular area at medial end of scapular spine
What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve, C5
