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Gross Anatomy > Exam 3 Muscles of Thoracic Wall and Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Exam 3 Muscles of Thoracic Wall and Abdominal Wall Flashcards

0
Q

What is the inferior attachment of external intercostal, internal intercostal, innermost intercostal?

A

superior border of ribs below

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1
Q

What is the superior attachment of the external intercostal, internal intercostal and innermost intercostal?

A

Inferior border of ribs

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2
Q

What is the innervation of external intercostal, internal intercostal and innermost intercostal?

A

intercostal nerve

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3
Q

What is the action for external intercostal, internal intercostal and innermost intercostal?

A

external=during forced inspiration; elevate ribs

internal/innermost=during forced respiration: interosseous part depresses ribs; interchondral part elevates ribs

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4
Q

What is the superior attachment of transversus thoracis?

A

Posterior surface of lower sternum

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5
Q

What is the inferior attachment of transversus thoracis?

A

internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6

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6
Q

What is the innervation of transversus thoracis?

A

intercostal nerve

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7
Q

What is the action of transversus thoracis?

A

weakly depresses ribs

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8
Q

What is the origin of external oblique?

A

external surfaces of 5th-12th ribs

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9
Q

What is the insertion of external oblique?

A

linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

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10
Q

What is the innervation for external oblique?

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11) and subcostal nerve

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11
Q

What is the main action for external oblique?

A

compress and support abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk

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12
Q

What is the origin of internal oblique?

A

thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

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13
Q

What is the insertion of internal oblique?

A

inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, and pubis via conjoint tendon

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14
Q

What is the innervation of internal oblique?

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), subcostal and first lumbar nerve

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15
Q

What is the action of internal oblique?

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk

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16
Q

What is the origin of transversus abdominis?

A

Internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages, thoraco-lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

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17
Q

What is the insertion of transversus abdominis?

A

linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest and pubis via conjoint tendon

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18
Q

What is the innervation of transversus abdominis?

A

thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), subcostal and first lumbar nerve

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19
Q

What is the action of transversus abdominis?

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera

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20
Q

What is the origin of rectus abdominis?

A

pubic symphysis and pubic crest

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21
Q

What is the insertion of rectus abdominis?

A

xiphoid process and 5th-7th costal cartilages

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22
Q

What is the innervation of rectus abdominis?

A

thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves)

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23
Q

What is the action of rectus abdominis?

A

flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses abdominal viscera, stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis)

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24
Q

Structures in the costal groove from superior to inferior?

A

VAN=vein, artery, nerve

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25
Q

What is the posterior portion of the superior thoracic aperature?

A

T1 vertebra

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26
Q

What is the lateral portion of the superior thoracic aperature?

A

first pair of ribs and their costal cartilages

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27
Q

What is the anterior portion of the superior thoracic aperature?

A

superior border of the manubrium

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28
Q

What is the posterior portion of the inferior thoracic aperature?

A

T12 vertebra

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29
Q

What is the posterolateral portion of the inferior thoracic aperature?

A

11th and 12th pairs of ribs

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30
Q

What is the anterolateral portion of the inferior thoracic aperature?

A

joined costal cartilages of ribs 7-10, forming the costal margin

31
Q

What is the anterior portion of the inferior thoracic aperature?

A

xiphisternal joint

32
Q

Diaphragm

A

Musculotendinous partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Chief muscle of inspiration, forms the convex floor of the thoracic cavity and the concave roof of the abdominal cavity

33
Q

What is the superior attachment of psoas major?

A

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae; sides of bodies of T12-S1 vertebrae and intervening IV discs

34
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the psoas major?

A

By a strong tendon to lesser trochanter of femur

35
Q

What is the innervation of psoas major?

A

Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of nerves L2-L4

36
Q

What is the action of psoas major?

A

Acting inferiorly with ilacus, flexes thigh; acting superiorly, flexes vertebral column laterally to balance the trunk; when sitting, acts inferiorly with iliacus to flex trunk

37
Q

What is the superior attachment of iliacus?

A

Superior two thirds of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

38
Q

What is the inferior attachment of iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur and shaft inferior to it and to psoas major tendon

39
Q

What is the innervation of iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve L2-L4

40
Q

What is the action of the iliacus?

A

Flexes thigh and stabilizing hip joint; acts with psoas major

41
Q

What is the superior attachment of quadratus lumborum?

A

Medial half of interior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes

42
Q

What is the inferior attachment of quadratus lumborum?

A

Iliolumbar ligament and internal lip of iliac crest

43
Q

What is the innervation for quadratus lumborum?

A

Anterior branches of T12 and L1-L4 nerves

44
Q

What is the action of quadratus lumborum?

A

extends and laterally flexes vertebral column; fixes 12th rib during inspiration

45
Q

What is the origin of obturator internus?

A

pelvic surface of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane

46
Q

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

47
Q

What is the innervation of obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)

48
Q

What is the action of obturator internus?

A

Laterally rotates hip joint; assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum

49
Q

What is the origin of piriformis?

A

Pelvic surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments; superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament

50
Q

What is the insertion of piriformis?

A

greater trochanter of femur

51
Q

What is the innervation of piriformis?

A

Anterior rami of S1 and S2

52
Q

What is the action of the piriformis?

A

Laterally rotates hip joint; abducts hip joint; assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum

53
Q

What is the origin of levator ani?

A

Body of pubis, tendinous arch of levator ani, ischial spine

54
Q

What is the insertion of levator ani?

A

Perineal body, coccyx, anococygeal ligament, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum, anal canal

55
Q

What is the innervation of levator ani?

A

Nerve to levator ani, anal nerve, coccygeal plexus

56
Q

What is the action of levator ani?

A

helps suppport pelvic viscera; resists increases in intraabdominal pressure

57
Q

What is the origin of coccygeus?

A

ischial spine

58
Q

What is the insertion of coccygeus?

A

inferior end of sacrum and coccyx

59
Q

What is the innervation of coccygeus?

A

Branches of S4 and S5 nerves

60
Q

What is the action of coccygeus?

A

forms small part of pelvic diaphragm that supports pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx

61
Q

What is the origin of the external anal sphincter?

A

Skin and fascia surrounding the anus and coccyx

62
Q

What is the insertion of external anal sphincter?

A

passes around lateral aspects of anal canal, inserting into perineal body

63
Q

What is the innervation of external anal sphincter?

A

inferior anal nerve, branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

64
Q

What is the action of the external anal sphincter?

A

Constricts anal canal during peristalsis, resisting defication, supports the pelvic floor

65
Q

What is the origin of the bulbospongiosus?

A

Male: median raphe on ventral surface of bulb of penis and perineal body

Female: perineal body

66
Q

What is the insertion of bulbospongiosus?

A

Male: surrounds lateral bulb of penis, inserts in perineal membrane, corpora spongiosum and cavernosa

Female: pubic arch of fascia of corpora cavernosa of clitoris

67
Q

What is the innervation of bulbospongiosus?

A

Deep branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

68
Q

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus?

A

supports and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor

Male/femle: assists erection

69
Q

What is the origin of ischiocavernosus?

A

Internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

70
Q

What is the insertion of ischiocavernosus?

A

inferior and medial aspects of crus and to perineal membrane

71
Q

What is the innervation of ischiocavernosus?

A

Deep branch of pudendal nerve

72
Q

What is the action of ischiocavernosus?

A

maintains erection, pushes blood from root of penis or clitoris into body

73
Q

What is the origin of superficial transverse perineal?

A

internal surface of ischio-pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

74
Q

What is the insertion of superficial transverse perineal?

A

perineal body

75
Q

What is the innervation of superficial transverse perineal?

A

deep branch of pudendal nerve

76
Q

What is the action of superficial transverse perineal?

A

support and fix perineal body (pelvic floor) to support abdomino-pelvic viscera

Gross Anatomy (16 decks)

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