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Gross Anatomy > Exam 2 Upper Limb > Flashcards

Exam 2 Upper Limb Flashcards

0
Q

Scapula

A

Has medial, lateral, superior borders and superior and inferior angles, head, neck, acromion

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1
Q

Clavicle

A

Connects the upper limb to the trunk

Transmits shocks (traumatic impacts) from the upper limb to the axial skeleton

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2
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

Articulates with the head of the humerus at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

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3
Q

Humerus

A

Largest bone in the upper limb

Shaft has deltoid tuberosity and radial groove

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4
Q

Between the elevated sternal ends of the clavicles is the

A

jugular notch

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5
Q

The acromial end of the clavicle often rises higher than the acromion, forming a palpable elevation at the

A

acromio-clavicular joint

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6
Q

Deltoid portions

A

clavicular, acromial, spinal

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7
Q

Scapulohumeral Muscles

A

SITS=rotator cuff muscles

suprapinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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8
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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9
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

axillary nerve, C5 (C6)

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11
Q

What are the main actions of the deltoid?

A

Clavicular part flexes and medially rotate shoulder joint, acromial part abducts shoulder joint, spinal part extends and laterally rotates shoulder joint

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12
Q

What is the origin of the supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the supraspinatus?

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve C5 (C4, C6)

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15
Q

What are the main actions of the supraspinatus?

A

Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of shoulder joint and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

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16
Q

What is the origin of the infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

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17
Q

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve C5 (C6)

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19
Q

What are the main actions of the infraspinatus?

A

Laterally rotate shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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20
Q

What is the origin of teres minor?

A

Middle part of lateral border of scapula

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21
Q

What is the insertion of teres minor?

A

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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22
Q

What is the innervation of teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve C5 (C6)

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23
Q

What is the action of teres minor?

A

Laterally rotate shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

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24
Q

What is the origin of teres major?

A

Inferior part of lateral border of scapula and posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

25
Q

What is the insertion of the teres major?

A

Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

26
Q

What is the innervation of teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve C6 (C5)

27
Q

What are the main actions of teres major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint

28
Q

What is the origin of subscapularis?

A

Subscapular fossa (most of anterior surface of scapula)

29
Q

What is the insertion of the subscapularis?

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

30
Q

What is the innervation of the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves C6 (C5, C7)

31
Q

What are the main actions of the subscapularis?

A

Medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

32
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A

between the sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum and the 1st costal cartilage

saddle joint that functions as a ball-and-socket joint

33
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint

A

The acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion

34
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A

Anchors the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula

35
Q

Glenohumeral Joint

A

Shoulder joint, ball-and-socket synovial joint that permits a wide range of movement; its mobility makes the joint relatively unstable

36
Q

Transverse humeral ligament

A

Broad fibrous band that runs from the greater to the lesser tubercle, bridging over the intertubercular sulcus and converting the sulcus into a canal for the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii and its synovial sheath

37
Q

Coraco-acromial ligament

A

Located in between the acromion and coracoid process of the scapula

38
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

39
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus

40
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head C6,C5, sternocostal head C7,C8,T1

41
Q

What are the main actions of the pectoralis major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint, draw scapula anteriorly and inferiorly

Acting alone, clavicular head flexes shoulder joint and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position

42
Q

What is the origin of pectoralis minor?

A

3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages

43
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of scapula

44
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve C8, T1

45
Q

What are the main actions of the pectoralis minor?

A

Stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

46
Q

What is the origin of the subclavius?

A

Junction of 1st rib and it’s costal cartilage

47
Q

What is the insertion of the subclavius?

A

Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

48
Q

What is the innervation of the subclavius?

A

Subclavian nerve C5 (C6)

49
Q

What is the main action of the subclavius?

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

50
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs

51
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

52
Q

What is the innervation of serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve C6, C7 (C5)

53
Q

What are the main actions of the serratus anterior?

A

Protracted scapula and holds against thoracic wall; rotates scapula

54
Q

The apex of the axilla

A

Cervico axillary canal

55
Q

Base of the axilla

A

Concave skin, subcutaneous tissue and axillary (deep) fascia extending from the arm to the thoracic wall forming the axillary fossa (armpit)

56
Q

Anterior wall of the axilla

A

Anterior axillary fold, pectoralis major and minor and their fascia

57
Q

Posterior wall of the axilla

A

Scapula and subscapularis, posterior axillary fold

58
Q

Medial wall of the axilla

A

Thoracic wall and the overlying serratus anterior

59
Q

Lateral wall of the axilla

A

Narrow bony wall formed by the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

60
Q

Axillary artery

A

Begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib as the continuation of the subclavian artery and ends at the inferior border of the teres major (3 parts total)

61
Q

Roots of the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

Gross Anatomy (16 decks)

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