The Approaches: The Humanistic Approach TW Flashcards
What do humans have an innate need for, according to humanist psychologists?
Self-actualisation
What approaches do humanists oppose?
Behaviorist + Psychodynamic
What type of experiences do humanists focus on?
Present
What type of influences do humanists suggest we can reject?
Internal and external
What is an example of an external influence which humanists suggest we can reject?
Environment
What is an example of an internal influence which humanists suggest we can reject?
Genetics
How is humanism different to other approaches?
It argues that humans do have free will
What did Maslow develop?
Hierarchy of needs
Name the correct order of Maslow’s hierarchy
Physiological, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, self-actualisation
What do physiological needs include?
Food, water, sleep, breathing
What do safety needs include?
Employment, shelter (having a home), good health
What is the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy?
Self-actualisation
What is meant by the ‘perceived self’?
How we view ourselves now
Where does our ‘perceived self’ come from?
Our own experiences and how significant people view us
What is meant by the ‘ideal self’?
The person we feel that we should be or the person that we want to be
What is meant by congruence?
Where there is a match between your perceived self and your ideal self
If congruence occurs, what does this enable?
Personal growth to achieve goals
What is a mismatch between the perceived and ideal self known as?
Incongruence
Low self-esteem and feelings of worthlessness in adulthood may be the result of ____________ in childhood
Conditions of worth
What is meant by conditions of worth?
Significant others in our lives place specific conditions on their love which must be met to receive approval
What 3 types of people can impose a condition of worth?
Parents, significant others, and ourselves
Name the practical application of humanistic theory
Person Centered Therapy
What does PCT see the ‘client’ as?
An expert in their own condition
What is the aim of PCT?
- Increase feelings of self worth
- Reduce incongruence
- Help to become fully functioning
