Issues & Debates: Free Will V Determinism DP

Question 1

What does free will suggest we are free to choose?

Answer 1

Our behaviours, thoughts and actions

Question 2

What does free will believe we have the ability to reject?

Answer 2

Internal and external pressures

Question 3

This side of the debate believes that we have the ability to self-determine our own destiny

Answer 3

Free will

Question 4

This side of the debate argues that all behaviour is controlled and caused by external and/or internal factors

Answer 4

Determinism

Question 5

What does determinism argue?

Answer 5

All behaviour is controlled and caused by external and/or internal factors

Question 6

What does determinism say individuals do not have?

Answer 6

Free will over their behaviour

Question 7

Topic evidence for free will comes from…

Answer 7

Humanism / Humanistic approach

Question 8

Which approach argues that humans are self-determining and provides topic evidence for free will?

Answer 8

Humanism

Question 9

Which type of determinism argues that individuals do not have any choice in the behaviour they display?

Answer 9

Hard determinism

Question 10

Which type of determinism argues that as individuals we also have the ability to make conscious decisions about what we want in life?

Answer 10

Soft determinism

Question 11

Hard determinism argues that individuals…

Answer 11

do not have any choice in the behaviour they display

Question 12

Soft determinism argues that as individuals we have…

Answer 12

the ability to make conscious decisions about what we want in life

Question 13

Vulnerability to developing OCD is caused by internal factors such as the inheritance of a mutated SERT gene which causes anxiety

This is an example of…

Answer 13

hard determinism / biological determinism

Question 14

Topic evidence for soft determinism comes from…

Answer 14

Social learning theory

Question 15

Topic evidence for hard determinism comes from…

Answer 15

The biological explanation for OCD / SZ

Question 16

Social learning theory is topic evidence for which type of determinism?

Answer 16

Soft determinism

Question 17

How is social learning theory an example of soft determinism?

Answer 17

Our thought processes play a role as to whether or not we identify someone as a role model

Question 18

What does biological determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

Answer 18

Internal biological factors such as genetics, evolution and hormones

Question 19

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by internal biological factors such as genetics, evolution and hormones?

Answer 19

Biological determinism

Question 20

Addiction to a substance/behaviour can be encouraged through lower levels of D2 receptors

This is an example of…

Answer 20

Biological determinism

Question 21

What does environmental determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

Answer 21

External factors within individuals’ surroundings such as parents, society, schools, peers, upbringing, e.g. reinforcements and punishments

Question 22

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by external factors within individuals’ surroundings?

Answer 22

Environmental determinism

Question 23

An infant learns to attach to their caregiver via stimulus, response, association with the food provided

This is an example of…

Answer 23

Environmental determinism

Question 24

Topic evidence for biological determinism comes from…

Answer 24

Brain neurochemistry explanation of addiction / biological explanation of OCD / biological explanation of SZ

Question 25

Topic evidence for environmental determinism comes from…

Answer 25

Learning theory explanation of attachment / phobias / nicotine addiction / gambling addiction

Question 26

What does psychic determinism argue that all human behaviour is controlled by?

Answer 26

Unconscious conflict within the mind which have been repressed from early childhood

Question 27

Which type of determinism argues that all human behaviour is controlled by unconscious conflict within the mind which have been repressed from early childhood?

Answer 27

Psychic determinism

Question 28

Topic evidence for psychic determinism comes from…

Answer 28

Structure of personality (psychodynamic approach)

Question 29

A guilty/anxious personality could be caused by an overactive superego

This is an example of…

Answer 29

Psychic determinism

Question 30

Deterministic research helps establish…

Answer 30

cause and effect

Question 31

What type of research method led to determinism?

Answer 31

Lab experiments where the IV is manipulated

Question 32

How can lab experiments be sure of what is controlling behaviour?

Answer 32

Due to controlling all extraneous variables in a lab setting

Question 33

Establishing cause and effect between the IV and DV has led to…

Answer 33

General laws of behaviour being created

Question 34

What has led to general laws of behaviour being created?

Answer 34

Establishing cause an effect between the IV and DV

Question 35

Determinism allows us to predict behaviour and to control/treat behaviour. This is a strength of…

Answer 35

practical applications

Question 36

How does determinism lead to practical applications?

Answer 36

Knowing the cause of abnormal behaviour allows us to develop treatments

Question 37

Hard determinism is inconsistent with the idea of self control and responsibility. This has implications for…

Answer 37

the British legal system

Question 38

Which type of determinism restricts the use of determinism in the real world e.g. the British legal system?

Answer 38

Hard determinism

Question 39

Which side of the debate has a more positive stance?

Answer 39

Free will

Question 40

How does free will have a more positive stance than determinism?

Answer 40

It allows people to believe they have control over their behaviour which may have a positive effect on mental health