Relationships: Theories of Romantic Relationships SET/Equity/Rusbult's Investment Model (MH) Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Exchange Theory is what type of theory?

A

Economic

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2
Q

In Social Exchange Theory, what do parties exchange?

A

Rewards and costs

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3
Q

Who suggested that relationships involve rewards and costs?

A

Homan

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4
Q

According to Homan, individuals are attracted to those who offer…?

A

Rewards

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5
Q

Satisfaction from a relationship depends on the ratio between…?

A

Costs and benefits

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6
Q

In relationships people act selfishly. How?

A

Minimising costs, maximising rewards

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7
Q

If rewards outweigh the costs, there is…?

A

Profit

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8
Q

If costs outweigh rewards, there is…?

A

Loss

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9
Q

If there is loss in a relationship, how will the partners feel?

A

Dissatisfied

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10
Q

A relationship where the rewards exceed the costs is likely to be…?

A

Maintained

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11
Q

Thibaut and Kelley explained that there are two types of comparisons where we measure the profits of our relationship. What are these?

A

Comparison levels
Comparison levels of alternatives

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12
Q

What is meant by comparison levels?

A

the amount of reward you believe you deserve to get.

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13
Q

What is meant by comparison levels of alternatives?

A

questioning whether you believe you could gain greater rewards and fewer costs from another relationship

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14
Q

What is the difference between comparison levels and comparison levels of alternatives?

A

Comparison levels refers to comparing past relationships to current relationships, whereas comparison levels of alternatives refers to comparing current relationship to potential future relationships.

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15
Q

What kind of model is equity theory?

A

an economic model

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16
Q

What does equity theory aim to do?

A

it explains relationships based on Social Exchange theory but aims to explain how SET would work in real life relationships

17
Q

Equity is based on the idea of ___________ for each partner, not necessarily equality.

A

fairness

18
Q

What should each partner experience according to equity theory?

A

a balance between their cost/effort and their benefit/reward.
each partner should feel they are getting out of the relationship the same as they put in.

19
Q

If both profit levels are the same, equity theory would argue that there will be ____________________ in the relationship.

A

satisfaction

20
Q

If there is an inequity in profit levels, what does that lead to according to equity theory?

A

Dissatisfaction

21
Q

If there is equity (fairness) in the relationship, what will happen?

A

the relationship will be maintained

22
Q

If there is inequity in the relationship, what will the ‘loser’ (under benefitted partner) feel?

A

dissatisfied, angry and hostile due to embarrassment.

23
Q

If there is inequity in the relationship, what will the ‘winner’ (over benefitted partner) feel?

A

guilty and the relationship will not be maintained due to a lack of perceived fairness in the relationship.

24
Q

What does Rusbult’s model emphasise the central importance of?

A

Commitment in relationships

25
Q

Commitment in relationships is the key element of who’s model?

A

Rusbult

26
Q

Rusbult’s Investment model includes what elements?

A

Commitment, satisfaction, comparison with alternatives and investment.

27
Q

Which theory of romantic relationships focuses on commitment, satisfaction, comparison with alternatives and investment?

A

Rusbult’s investment model

28
Q

What does Rusbult suggest about satisfaction level?

A

A satisfying relationship is judged by comparing rewards and costs whereby relationships are profitable when there are many rewards and few costs - each partner is satisfied.

29
Q

What makes a satisfying relationship according to Rusbult?

A

Where there are many rewards and few costs so each partner is satisfied.

30
Q

What does Rusbult mean by comparison with alternatives?

A

The perceived desirability of the best alternative to the current relationship based upon the extent to which an individual’s needs could be better met within an alternative relationship.

31
Q

What does Rusbult suggest if comparison with alternatives shows an individual that their needs would not be better met with an alternative partner?

A

the commitment to the relationship is stronger

32
Q

What does Rusbult mean by investment size?

A

the amount and importance of the rewards associated with a relationship. Resources would decline in value or be lost if the relationship was to end.

33
Q

What two types of investment did Rusbult suggest?

A

Intrinsic and Extrinsic

34
Q

What is meant by an Intrinsic investment?

A

resources put DIRECTLY into the relationship. Tangible things such as money and possessions. Intangible things such as time/effort/energy/emotion.

35
Q

What is meant by an Extrinsic investment?

A

investments that did not previously feature in the relationship which are now closely associated with - e.g. shared/mutual friends, children, house, shared memories.

36
Q

High satisfaction + no better alternative + increased investment size = ?

A

Increased level of commitment to the relationship

37
Q

High satisfaction + ? + increased investment size = Increased level of commitment to the relationship.

A

No better alternative