The Amazing Cell

Question 1

What three organelles are found in every type of mammalian cells?

Answer 1

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane

Question 2

Everything inside the cell membrane other than the nucleus and genetic material is known as what?

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

The largest organelle in the cell that is considered the control center and contains DNA is known as what?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell and is the site of energy production (ATP)?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Answer 5

Ribosome

Question 6

Which organelle is used for transportation of newly produced proteins?

Answer 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough & Smooth)

Question 7

Which organelle is used for modification and packaging of materials destined for secretion or intracellular use?

Answer 7

Golgi Apparatus

Question 8

Specialized vesicles formed by the golgi apparatus that contain hydrolytic enzymes to digest bacteria or nutrients are known as what?

Answer 8

Lysosomes

Question 9

What do peroxisomes do?

Answer 9

Aid in Detoxification

Question 10

What are the two layers of phospholipid molecules that make up the cell membrane known as?

Answer 10

Lipid Bilayer

Question 11

What molecules pass easily through the lipid bilayers (cell membrane)?

Answer 11

Lipid-Soluble

Question 12

What molecules do not pass easily through the lipid bilayers (cell membrane)?

Answer 12

Ionized/Water Soluble

Question 13

Where are integral proteins found on the cell?

Answer 13

Within the lipid bilayer

Question 14

Where are peripheral proteins found on the cell?

Answer 14

Bound to the inside or outside

Question 15

What are the two types of globular proteins?

Answer 15

peripheral, integral

Question 16

What is intracellular fluid?

Answer 16

Fluid found inside of the cell

Question 17

What is extracellular fluid?

Answer 17

Fluid found outside of the cell

Question 18

What are the two types of extracellular fluid?

Answer 18

Interstitial, intravascular

Question 19

Where is interstitial fluid found?

Answer 19

Between cells/in tissue

Question 20

Where is intravascular fluid found?

Answer 20

In vessels

Question 21

Absorption or excretory processes that require energy are considered what?

Answer 21

Active

Question 22

Absorption or excretory processes that do not require energy are considered what?

Answer 22

Passive

Question 23

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is known as what?

Answer 23

Diffusion

Question 24

What are the three steps to consider when figuring out if a molecule will undergo diffusion?

Answer 24

Molecular size, Lipid solubility, Molecular charge

Question 25

Movement of molecules through the cell membrane with the assistance of an integral protein or carrier protein located in the bilayer is known as what process?

Answer 25

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 26

Does facilitated diffusion require energy from the cell?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Passive movement of water (not a solute) through a membrane into a solution where the water concentration is lower is known as what process?

Answer 27

Osmosis

Question 28

The force of water moving from one side of the membrane to the other during osmosis is known as what?

Answer 28

Osmotic Pressure

Question 29

Does active transport require energy from the cell?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

The process that relies on a carrier protein with a specific binding site is known as what?

Answer 30

Active Transport

Question 31

What type of transport does not require a concentration variant?

Answer 31

Active

Question 32

The process that transports large particles or liquids into the cell by engulfing them is known as what?

Answer 32

Endocytosis

Question 33

The phagocytosis (type of endocytosis) process transports what type of material?

Answer 33

Solids

Question 34

The pinocytosis (type of endocytosis) process transports what type of material?

Answer 34

Liquids

Question 35

What process is opposite of endocytosis? | The process that transports large particles or liquids out of the cell by engulfing them

Answer 35

Exocytosis

Question 36

Which cell structure acts like a boundary protecting the inner cell?

Answer 36

Cell membrane

Question 37

Which cell structure propels mucus and debris across the lacrimal surface of a cell?

Answer 37

Cilia

Question 38

What cell structure helps maintain the cell shape and aids in movement of organelles and intracellular materials?

Answer 38

Cytoskeleton