Endocrine System Flashcards by Kristen Flatters

Q

What is a hormone?

A

Chemical Messenger Produced by Endocrine Glands

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Q

What endocrine organ produces these hormones?
-Growth Hormone, Prolactin, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone

A

Anterior Pituitary

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Antidiuretic Hormone, Oxytocin

A

Posterior Pituitary

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-T3/T4 Thyroid Hormone, Calcitonin

A

Thyroid

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Parathyroid Hormone

A

Parathyroid

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Sex Hormones

A

Adrenal Cortex

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal Medulla

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Insulin, Glucagon

A

Pancreas

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Androgen

A

Testes

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Estrogen, Progestins

A

Ovaries

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Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Erythropoeitin

A

Kidney

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Q

What is the target of the Growth Hormone (GH)?

A

All Cells

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Q

What is the target of Prolactin?

A

Mammary Glands

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Q

What is the target of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?

A

Thyroid Gland

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Q

What is the target of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)?

A

Adrenal Cortex

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Q

What is the target of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

A

Follicle, Ovaries/Testes

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Q

What is the target of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?

A

Follicle, Ovaries/Testes

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Q

What is the target of Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)?

A

Skin

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Q

What is the target for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?

A

Kidney (Nephron)

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Q

What is the target of Oxytocin?

A

Uterus, Oviducts, Mammary Glands

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Q

What is the target for T3/T4 Thyroid Hormone?

A

Whole Body

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Q

What is the target of Calcitonin?

A

Osteoblasts

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Q

What is the target for Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?

A

Osteoclasts, Kidney, Small Intestine

Q

What is the target for Glucocorticoids (sugar)?

A

Whole Body

What is the target for Mineralocorticoids (salt)?

Whole Body

What is the target for Sex Hormones?

Whole Body

What is the target for Epinephrine?

Whole Body

What is the target for Norepinephrine?

Whole Body

What two hormones are known as adrenaline in the fight or flight system?

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

What is the target for Insulin?

Whole Body

What is the target for Glucagon?

Liver, Whole Body

What is the target for Androgen?

Whole Body

What is the target for Estrogen?

Whole Body

What is the target for Progestins?

Uterus, Whole Body

What is the target for Erythopoietin (EPO)?

Red Bone Marrow

When the level of a specific hormone drops below needed levels, the appropriate endocrine gland is stimulated to produce more hormone. What is this called?

Negative feedback

What hormone prevents diuresis and detects possible dehydration? posterior pituitary > Kidney (Nephron)

ADH

What hormone causes contraction of the myometrium during breeding and parturition and milk letdown? posterior pituitary > uterus/oviducts/mammary gland

Oxytocin

What hormone stimulates growth and development of the thyroid gland? anterior pituitary > thyroid gland

TSH

What hormone stimulates oogenesis and spermatogenesis? anterior pituitary > follicle/ovary/testes

FSH

What hormone completes follicle development in ovaries and stimulates interstitial cells to produce testosterone? anterior pituitary > follicle/ovary/testes

LH

What hormone stimulates growth and development of adrenal cortex? anterior pituitary > adrenal cortex

ACTH

What hormone helps regulate metabolism of proteins, carbs, and lipids in all cells? anterior pituitary > whole body

Growth Hormone

What hormone regulates metabolism and constant internal body temperature? thyroid > whole body

T3/T4

What hormone decrease calcium levels in the blood? C Cells (thyroid) > osteoblasts

Calcitonin

What hormone increases calcium in the blood to prevent hypocalcemia? parathyroid > osteoclasts/kidney/small intestine

PTH

What hormone increases blood sugar after a big meal? adrenal cortex > whole body

Glucocorticoids (sugar)

What hormone regulates levels of electrolytes in the body? adrenal cortex > whole body

Mineralocorticoids (salt)

What hormones increase heart rate and output, and also blood pressure? adrenal medulla > whole body

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

What hormone lowers blood glucose levels? pancreas > whole body

Insulin

What hormone increases blood glucose levels? pancreas > whole body

Glucagon

What hormone accelerates physical and behavioral changes in females? ovaries > whole body

Estrogen

What hormone activates spermatogenesis, development of secondary sex characteristics, and accessory sex glands? testes > whole body

testosterone

What hormone stimulates red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells? kidneys > red bone marrow

Erythropoietin

What hormone is known as the hormone of pregnancy? ovaries > whole body/uterus

Progesterone