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Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hormone?

A

Chemical Messenger Produced by Endocrine Glands

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2
Q

What endocrine organ produces these hormones?
-Growth Hormone, Prolactin, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone

A

Anterior Pituitary

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3
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Antidiuretic Hormone, Oxytocin

A

Posterior Pituitary

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4
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-T3/T4 Thyroid Hormone, Calcitonin

A

Thyroid

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5
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Parathyroid Hormone

A

Parathyroid

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6
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Sex Hormones

A

Adrenal Cortex

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7
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal Medulla

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8
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Insulin, Glucagon

A

Pancreas

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9
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

-Androgen

A

Testes

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10
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Estrogen, Progestins

A

Ovaries

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11
Q

Which endocrine gland produces these hormones?

- Erythropoeitin

A

Kidney

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12
Q

What is the target of the Growth Hormone (GH)?

A

All Cells

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13
Q

What is the target of Prolactin?

A

Mammary Glands

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14
Q

What is the target of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?

A

Thyroid Gland

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15
Q

What is the target of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)?

A

Adrenal Cortex

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16
Q

What is the target of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

A

Follicle, Ovaries/Testes

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17
Q

What is the target of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?

A

Follicle, Ovaries/Testes

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18
Q

What is the target of Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)?

A

Skin

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19
Q

What is the target for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?

A

Kidney (Nephron)

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20
Q

What is the target of Oxytocin?

A

Uterus, Oviducts, Mammary Glands

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21
Q

What is the target for T3/T4 Thyroid Hormone?

A

Whole Body

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22
Q

What is the target of Calcitonin?

A

Osteoblasts

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23
Q

What is the target for Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?

A

Osteoclasts, Kidney, Small Intestine

24
Q

What is the target for Glucocorticoids (sugar)?

A

Whole Body

25
Q

What is the target for Mineralocorticoids (salt)?

A

Whole Body

26
Q

What is the target for Sex Hormones?

A

Whole Body

27
Q

What is the target for Epinephrine?

A

Whole Body

28
Q

What is the target for Norepinephrine?

A

Whole Body

29
Q

What two hormones are known as adrenaline in the fight or flight system?

A

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

30
Q

What is the target for Insulin?

A

Whole Body

31
Q

What is the target for Glucagon?

A

Liver, Whole Body

32
Q

What is the target for Androgen?

A

Whole Body

33
Q

What is the target for Estrogen?

A

Whole Body

34
Q

What is the target for Progestins?

A

Uterus, Whole Body

35
Q

What is the target for Erythopoietin (EPO)?

A

Red Bone Marrow

36
Q

When the level of a specific hormone drops below needed levels, the appropriate endocrine gland is stimulated to produce more hormone. What is this called?

A

Negative feedback

37
Q

What hormone prevents diuresis and detects possible dehydration?

posterior pituitary > Kidney (Nephron)

A

ADH

38
Q

What hormone causes contraction of the myometrium during breeding and parturition and milk letdown?

posterior pituitary > uterus/oviducts/mammary gland

A

Oxytocin

39
Q

What hormone stimulates growth and development of the thyroid gland?

anterior pituitary > thyroid gland

A

TSH

40
Q

What hormone stimulates oogenesis and spermatogenesis?

anterior pituitary > follicle/ovary/testes

A

FSH

41
Q

What hormone completes follicle development in ovaries and stimulates interstitial cells to produce testosterone?

anterior pituitary > follicle/ovary/testes

A

LH

42
Q

What hormone stimulates growth and development of adrenal cortex?

anterior pituitary > adrenal cortex

A

ACTH

43
Q

What hormone helps regulate metabolism of proteins, carbs, and lipids in all cells?

anterior pituitary > whole body

A

Growth Hormone

44
Q

What hormone regulates metabolism and constant internal body temperature?

thyroid > whole body

A

T3/T4

45
Q

What hormone decrease calcium levels in the blood?

C Cells (thyroid) > osteoblasts

A

Calcitonin

46
Q

What hormone increases calcium in the blood to prevent hypocalcemia?

parathyroid > osteoclasts/kidney/small intestine

A

PTH

47
Q

What hormone increases blood sugar after a big meal?

adrenal cortex > whole body

A

Glucocorticoids (sugar)

48
Q

What hormone regulates levels of electrolytes in the body?

adrenal cortex > whole body

A

Mineralocorticoids (salt)

49
Q

What hormones increase heart rate and output, and also blood pressure?

adrenal medulla > whole body

A

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

50
Q

What hormone lowers blood glucose levels?

pancreas > whole body

A

Insulin

51
Q

What hormone increases blood glucose levels?

pancreas > whole body

A

Glucagon

52
Q

What hormone accelerates physical and behavioral changes in females?

ovaries > whole body

A

Estrogen

53
Q

What hormone activates spermatogenesis, development of secondary sex characteristics, and accessory sex glands?

testes > whole body

A

testosterone

54
Q

What hormone stimulates red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells?

kidneys > red bone marrow

A

Erythropoietin

55
Q

What hormone is known as the hormone of pregnancy?

ovaries > whole body/uterus

A

Progesterone

Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology (17 decks)

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