the age of discovery Flashcards
conquistador
a conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.
colony
a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.
mercantilism
belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism
balance of trade
the difference in value between a country’s imports and exports.
the compass
an instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.
joint stock company
a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders
triangular trade
a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.
columbian exchange
The Columbian Exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life.
middle passage
the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.
treaty of tordesillas
Treaty of Tordesillas, (June 7, 1494), agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers.
henry the navigator
Infante Henrique of Portugal, Duke of Viseu (4 March 1394 – 13 November 1460), better known as Henry the Navigator (Portuguese: Infante Dom Henrique, o Navegador), was an important figure in 15th-century Portuguese politics and in the early days of the Portuguese Empire.
christopher columbus
Columbus, Christopher definition. An Italian explorer responsible for the European discovery of America in 1492. He had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain, under the patronage of the king and queen, Ferdinand and Isabella, hoping to find a westward route to India.
vasco de gama
Portuguese explorer. He led the first European expedition around the Cape of Good Hope in 1497, sighting and naming Natal on Christmas Day before crossing the Indian Ocean and arriving in Calicut (Kozhikode, in India) in 1498.
hernan cortes
Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico
zheng he
formerly romanized as Cheng Ho, was a Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China’s early Ming dynasty. Born Ma He, Zheng commanded expeditionary voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, Western Asia, and East Africa from 1405 to 1433
ferdinand magellan
Portuguese navigator: discoverer of the Straits of Magellan 1520 and the Philippines 1521.
spice trade
The spice trade refers to the trade between historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe. Spices such as cinnamon, cassia, cardamom, ginger, pepper, and turmeric were known and used in antiquity for commerce in the Eastern World
encomienda system
Encomienda, in colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies. It was based upon the practice of exacting tribute from Muslims and Jews during the Reconquista (“Reconquest”) of Muslim Spain.
dutch east india company
The United East Indian Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie; VOC), referred to by the British as the Dutch East India Company, was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade.
arawak
a member of a people originally of the Greater Antilles and adjacent South America, now living mainly in Guiana. They were forced out of the Antilles by the more warlike Caribs shortly before Spanish expansion in the Caribbean.
the phillipines
of or relating to the Philippines.
fort jesus mombasa
Fort Jesus is a Portuguese fort located on Mombasa Island. It was built between 1593 and 1596, by order of King Philip I of Portugal, to guard the Old Port of Mombasa, Kenya
kongo kingdom
Kingdom of Kongo. definition: Basin of the Congo (Zaire) river, conglomeration of several village alliances, participated actively in trade networks, most centralized rule of the early Bantu kingdoms, royal currency: cowries, ruled 14th-17th century until undermined by Portuguese slave traders
menin tribe
a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader.
