chapter 10 Flashcards
anglican
of or relating to the Church of England.
95 theses
Ninety-five Theses, propositions for debate concerned with the question of indulgences, written (in Latin) and possibly posted by Martin Luther on the door of the Schlosskirche (Castle Church), Wittenberg, on October 31, 1517. This event came to be considered the beginning of the Protestant Reformation
counter reformation
the movement within the Roman Catholic Church that followed the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.
zwingli an
Huldrych Zwingli [a] or Ulrich Zwingli [b] (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland.
ignatius of loyola
A sixteenth-century Spanish priest of the Roman Catholic Church; the founder of the Jesuits. Ignatius of Loyola is a saint of the Roman Catholic Church. The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
council of trent
The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trento (Trent) and Bologna, northern Italy, was one of the Roman Catholic Church’s most important ecumenical councils. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation.
jesuits
a member of a Roman Catholic religious order (Society of Jesus) founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534.
city-state
a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies.
scientific revolution
a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies
heliocentic theory
The theory that the earth revolves around the sun is called the heliocentric theory, helio meaning ‘sun’ and centric meaning ‘in the center.’ This theory was developed in parts by different astronomers over many years, namely Aristarchus, Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo.
roger bacon
Roger Bacon, OFM (Latin: Rogerus or Rogerius Bacon, also Frater Rogerus, “Brother Roger”; c. 1219/20 – c. 1292), also known by the scholastic accolade Doctor Mirabilis (Latin for “wondrous doctor”), was an English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on the study of nature through empirical
copernicus
Definition of Copernican. 1 : of or relating to Copernicus or the belief that the earth rotates daily on its axis and the planets revolve in orbits around the sun.
kepler
German astronomer.
galileo
Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642)
scientific method
a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.
