chapter 18

Question 1

King George III

Answer 1

George III definition. The king of Britain during the American Revolutionary War. He was known for insisting on royal privilege. The stubbornness of George and of his government officials is often blamed for the loss of the thirteen colonies that became the United States.

Question 2

taxation without representation

Answer 2

Taxation without representation is tyranny definition. A slogan of the Revolutionary War and the years before. The colonists were not allowed to choose representatives to parliament in London, which passed the laws under which they were taxed.

Question 3

stamp act

Answer 3

an act regulating stamp duty (a tax on the legal recognition of documents).

Question 4

George Washington

Answer 4

Washington, George definition. The first president of the United States, and the commanding general of the victorious American army in the Revolutionary War. The best known of the Founding Fathers, Washington is called the father of his country.

Question 5

red coats

Answer 5

a British soldier.

Question 6

continental army

Answer 6

The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.

Question 7

seven year war

Answer 7

Seven Years’ War definition. A war fought in the middle of the eighteenth century between the German kingdom of Prussia, supported by Britain, and an alliance that included Austria, France, and Russia. Prussia and Britain won, and their victory greatly increased their power.

Question 8

loyalists

Answer 8

a person who remains loyal to the established ruler or government, especially in the face of a revolt.

Question 9

patriots

Answer 9

a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors.

Question 10

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 10

A political leader of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; one of the Founding Fathers; the leader of the Democratic-Republican party. Jefferson was principal author of the Declaration of Independence and served as president from 1801 to 1809, between John Adams and James Madison.

Question 11

Declaration of Independence

Answer 11

The Declaration of Independence is defined as the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain. An example of the Declaration of Independence was the document adopted at the Second Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776.

Question 12

the three estates

Answer 12

The Three Estates refer to the three divisions of European society in the Middle Ages: the nobles (first estate), the clergy (second estate), and the commoners (third estate).

Question 13

Louis XV

Answer 13

Louis XV. 1710-1774. King of France (1715-1774) who led France into the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763), during which France lost its colony in Canada.

Question 14

Marie Antionette

Answer 14

proper noun. (1755–93), French queen, wife of Louis XVI. A daughter of Maria Theresa, she married the future Louis XVI of France in 1770.

Question 15

Versailles

Answer 15

Versailles. A city of north-central France west-southwest of Paris. It is best known for its magnificent palace, built by Louis XIV in the late 1600s, where the treaty ending World War I was signed in 1919.

Question 16

National assembly

Answer 16

an elected legislature in various countries.

Question 17

estates general

Answer 17

the bicameral legislative body in the Netherlands.

Question 18

declerarion of rights of man

Answer 18

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (French: Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen), passed by France’s National Constituent Assembly in August 1789, is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights.

Question 19

constitution of 1791

Answer 19

Constitution of 1791, French constitution created by the National Assembly during the French Revolution. It retained the monarchy, but sovereignty effectively resided in the Legislative Assembly, which was elected by a system of indirect voting.

Question 20

emigres

Answer 20

a person who has left their own country in order to settle in another, usually for political reasons.

Question 21

radicals

Answer 21

a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform; a member of a political party or part of a party pursuing such aims.

Question 22

moderates

Answer 22

person who holds moderate views, especially in politics.

Question 23

conservatives

Answer 23

a person who is averse to change and holds to traditional values and attitudes, typically in relation to politics.

Question 24

reign of terror

Answer 24

a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed, in particular Reign of Terror, the period of the Terror during the French Revolution.

Question 25

jacobins

Answer 25

a member of a democratic club established in Paris in 1789. The Jacobins were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793–4.

Question 26

napolean bonaparte

Answer 26

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon I, was a French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. Born on the island of Corsica, Napoleon rapidly rose through the ranks of the military during the French Revolution (1789-1799).

Question 27

counter revolutionary

Answer 27

engaged in or promoting a revolution that opposes a previous one or reverses its results.