Testes and Scrotum Flashcards
T/F: the testis, epididymis, epididymal duct and ductus deferens are all paired
True
where do seminiferous tubules terminate
on rete testes
describe the function of the mesonephric duct in the developing gonad
conduit for products of developing gonad to be emptied
what do mesonephric tubules become after gonadal development
efferent ductules
what happens to the paramesonephric duct as the embryo develops
not used, degrades as embryo develops
basic embryology of testes
coelomic epithelium invades into mesencyma of mesonephros, brings with it primordial germ cells. cores become seminiferous tubules
sperm matures in which duct of the testicle
epididymal duct
what is contained within the paranchyma of the testes
majority = seminiferous tubules
connective tissue
leydig cells that produce testosterone
intersticial compartment that contains blood and lymph
basement cells are seperated from sertoli cells and spermatids by
intersticial membrane
seminiferous tubules have origins and terminations on ____
the rete testes
T/F: all animals have a rete testes
false
T/F: efferent ductules penetrate the tunica albuginea at the tail of the epididymis
False! efferemt dutules penetrate the tunica albuginea at the HEAD of the epididimis
2 functions of the mediastinum testes
provides structure and strength to the testicle + rete testes is contained within
what does the tunica albuginea give rise to in the testes
gives rise to septae
describe septae in the testes
connective tissue structure that radiates into paranchyma of the testes. Arises from tunica albuginea. radiates centrally,
septae divide testicle into lobules
function of the gubernaculum
attaches to caudal pole of the testes, guides testes into scrotum
hole in peritoneal lining that testes descends into is called the…
vaginal ring!! (probs should know this)
what happens to the gubernaculum during development***
becomes small but remains attachd to testicle, fuses with peritoneum and BECOMES THE PROPER LIGAMENT OF THE TESTES (corkie loves this word, ill be damned if it isnt on the test)
borders of the deep inguinal ring***
formed by caudal edge of the internal abdominal oblique + shaft of the illium/iliopsoas muscle
boarders of the superficial inguinal ring***
split in apoeurosis of external abdominal oblique
what travels through the inguinal canal
testicle, spermatichord, cremaster muscle, external pudendal artery and vein
boarders of the vascular lacunae***
iliopsoas muscle/shaft of the illium + caudal part of lateral crus of external abdominal oblique muscle
function of the vascular lacunae
where femoral vein passes through to travel to hindlimb
describe the different rings the femoral vein passes through (or doesnt) to reach the limb
run through deep inguinal ring but not through vaginal ring, then goes thru vascular lacunae
origin of the cremaster muscle***
a strip of the internal abdominal oblique
vaginal ring is made from what***
peritoneal lining
the defferent duct is held by what in the pelvic cavity
genital fold
the median septum of the testes is primarily made of which tissue layer
dartos
why does the testes descend into the scrutum
because spermatogenesis requires lower temperatures than body temperature
what 2 layers does the testes descend in
a visceral and parietal layer of peritoneum
what does the mesorchium and mesoductus attach
attaches the visceral and parietal vaginal tunics together
ductus deferens is attached to testes by what structure
mesoductus
where does the spermatic cord begin and end
begins at vaginal ring at deep inguinal ring
ends on testes
what surrounds the ductus deferens
mesoductus
layers of scrotum from skin to testicle
skin –> dartos –> external spermatic facia –> internal spermatic fascia (and cremaster) –> parietal vaginal tunic –> visceral vaginal tunic –> tunica albuginea
proper ligmaent of the testes attaches what 2 structures
tail of the epididymis to the testicle
ligament of the tail of the epididymis attaches what 2 structures
tail to parietal vaginal tunic
what is contained within the skin of the scrotum
sweat and sebaceous glands for thermoreg
what is the dartos made of
fibromuscular layer
describe action of the dartos in warm vs cold environments
cold: contracts, brings scrotum closer to body wall
hot: relaxes, testes descend away from body wall
describe the external spermatic fascia
lose, allows movement of parietal vaginal tunic
describe the internal spermatic facia
dense, cremaster muscle inserts onto
what layer does the cremaster muscle insert onto
internal spermatic facia
is the cremaster muscle striated or smooth muscle
striated
describe the location of the tail of the epididymis and why this is a good place for it
tail of epididymis is at the the coolest part of the testes, good because sperm is stored here prior to ejaculation
2 functions of the pampiniform plexus
- wraps around testicular artery for countercurrent exchange (testicular artery gets cooled by venous return from the testes
- Helps maintain high concentration of testosterone in the blood of testes
what happens to the testicular artery in the testes proper
is within the tunica albuginea, allows for radiant cooling of the testes
