Testes and Scrotum

Question 1

T/F: the testis, epididymis, epididymal duct and ductus deferens are all paired

Answer 1

True

Question 2

where do seminiferous tubules terminate

Answer 2

on rete testes

Question 3

describe the function of the mesonephric duct in the developing gonad

Answer 3

conduit for products of developing gonad to be emptied

Question 4

what do mesonephric tubules become after gonadal development

Answer 4

efferent ductules

Question 5

what happens to the paramesonephric duct as the embryo develops

Answer 5

not used, degrades as embryo develops

Question 6

basic embryology of testes

Answer 6

coelomic epithelium invades into mesencyma of mesonephros, brings with it primordial germ cells. cores become seminiferous tubules

Question 7

sperm matures in which duct of the testicle

Answer 7

epididymal duct

Question 8

what is contained within the paranchyma of the testes

Answer 8

majority = seminiferous tubules
connective tissue
leydig cells that produce testosterone
intersticial compartment that contains blood and lymph

Question 9

basement cells are seperated from sertoli cells and spermatids by

Answer 9

intersticial membrane

Question 10

seminiferous tubules have origins and terminations on ____

Answer 10

the rete testes

Question 11

T/F: all animals have a rete testes

Answer 11

false

Question 12

T/F: efferent ductules penetrate the tunica albuginea at the tail of the epididymis

Answer 12

False! efferemt dutules penetrate the tunica albuginea at the HEAD of the epididimis

Question 13

2 functions of the mediastinum testes

Answer 13

provides structure and strength to the testicle + rete testes is contained within

Question 14

what does the tunica albuginea give rise to in the testes

Answer 14

gives rise to septae

Question 15

describe septae in the testes

Answer 15

connective tissue structure that radiates into paranchyma of the testes. Arises from tunica albuginea. radiates centrally,
septae divide testicle into lobules

Question 16

function of the gubernaculum

Answer 16

attaches to caudal pole of the testes, guides testes into scrotum

Question 17

hole in peritoneal lining that testes descends into is called the…

Answer 17

vaginal ring!! (probs should know this)

Question 18

what happens to the gubernaculum during development***

Answer 18

becomes small but remains attachd to testicle, fuses with peritoneum and BECOMES THE PROPER LIGAMENT OF THE TESTES (corkie loves this word, ill be damned if it isnt on the test)

Question 19

borders of the deep inguinal ring***

Answer 19

formed by caudal edge of the internal abdominal oblique + shaft of the illium/iliopsoas muscle

Question 20

boarders of the superficial inguinal ring***

Answer 20

split in apoeurosis of external abdominal oblique

Question 21

what travels through the inguinal canal

Answer 21

testicle, spermatichord, cremaster muscle, external pudendal artery and vein

Question 22

boarders of the vascular lacunae***

Answer 22

iliopsoas muscle/shaft of the illium + caudal part of lateral crus of external abdominal oblique muscle

Question 23

function of the vascular lacunae

Answer 23

where femoral vein passes through to travel to hindlimb

Question 24

describe the different rings the femoral vein passes through (or doesnt) to reach the limb

Answer 24

run through deep inguinal ring but not through vaginal ring, then goes thru vascular lacunae

Question 25

origin of the cremaster muscle***

Answer 25

a strip of the internal abdominal oblique

Question 26

vaginal ring is made from what***

Answer 26

peritoneal lining

Question 27

the defferent duct is held by what in the pelvic cavity

Answer 27

genital fold

Question 28

the median septum of the testes is primarily made of which tissue layer

Answer 28

dartos

Question 29

why does the testes descend into the scrutum

Answer 29

because spermatogenesis requires lower temperatures than body temperature

Question 30

what 2 layers does the testes descend in

Answer 30

a visceral and parietal layer of peritoneum

Question 31

what does the mesorchium and mesoductus attach

Answer 31

attaches the visceral and parietal vaginal tunics together

Question 32

ductus deferens is attached to testes by what structure

Answer 32

mesoductus

Question 33

where does the spermatic cord begin and end

Answer 33

begins at vaginal ring at deep inguinal ring
ends on testes

Question 34

what surrounds the ductus deferens

Answer 34

mesoductus

Question 35

layers of scrotum from skin to testicle

Answer 35

skin –> dartos –> external spermatic facia –> internal spermatic fascia (and cremaster) –> parietal vaginal tunic –> visceral vaginal tunic –> tunica albuginea

Question 36

proper ligmaent of the testes attaches what 2 structures

Answer 36

tail of the epididymis to the testicle

Question 37

ligament of the tail of the epididymis attaches what 2 structures

Answer 37

tail to parietal vaginal tunic

Question 38

what is contained within the skin of the scrotum

Answer 38

sweat and sebaceous glands for thermoreg

Question 39

what is the dartos made of

Answer 39

fibromuscular layer

Question 40

describe action of the dartos in warm vs cold environments

Answer 40

cold: contracts, brings scrotum closer to body wall
hot: relaxes, testes descend away from body wall

Question 41

describe the external spermatic fascia

Answer 41

lose, allows movement of parietal vaginal tunic

Question 42

describe the internal spermatic facia

Answer 42

dense, cremaster muscle inserts onto

Question 43

what layer does the cremaster muscle insert onto

Answer 43

internal spermatic facia

Question 44

is the cremaster muscle striated or smooth muscle

Answer 44

striated

Question 45

describe the location of the tail of the epididymis and why this is a good place for it

Answer 45

tail of epididymis is at the the coolest part of the testes, good because sperm is stored here prior to ejaculation

Question 46

2 functions of the pampiniform plexus

Answer 46

• wraps around testicular artery for countercurrent exchange (testicular artery gets cooled by venous return from the testes
• Helps maintain high concentration of testosterone in the blood of testes

Question 47

what happens to the testicular artery in the testes proper

Answer 47

is within the tunica albuginea, allows for radiant cooling of the testes