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Anatomy > Ovary & Uterine Adnexia > Flashcards

Ovary & Uterine Adnexia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of follicles from embryos to ovulation?

A

Primordial follicle, primary follicle, secondary follicle, tertiary follicle

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2
Q

When do primordial follicles start populating the ovary?

A

Before birth

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3
Q

T or F? When an animal is born, it’s born with all follicles it will ever have for life?

A

True

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4
Q

Ovarian follicles are found within the _______ of ovary

A

Cortex

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5
Q

What changes happen when the follicle is a primary follicle?

A

Basement membrane has developed
Oocyte has developed
Granulosa cells are cuboidal in appearance

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6
Q

What happens when the follicle becomes a secondary follicle?

A

Zona pelúcida starts to form
Proliferation of granulosa cells (many layers, not just 1 anymore)

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7
Q

What changes happen when the secondary follicle becomes tertiary?

A

Thecal layer grows & becomes thicker
Antrum develops
Can see the follicle

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8
Q

When can you call a follicle a tertiary follicle?

A

When the antrum starts to develop

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9
Q

Ovulation is the release of

A

Cumulus-oocyte complex

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10
Q

After ovulation, there’s a rapid transformation of ________ & ________ cells

A

Granulosa & thecal cells

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11
Q

Following ovulation, is there a disruption of capillary supply

A

Yes - leads to blood loss & escape

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12
Q

Ovulation: granulosa & thecal cells reorganize themselves, proflierate, and undergo lutenization to become what

A

The CL

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13
Q

Can CLs have cysts in their centers?

A

Yes, this is normal

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14
Q

what happens to the CL if the animal doesn’t get pregnant

A

CL goes away & becomes Corpus albucans

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15
Q

What is the ovary covered with

A

Mesothelium - serosal layer covering outside of ovary

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16
Q

Is the tunica albuginea under the mesothelium?

A

Yes

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17
Q

Blood and lymph is provided to the ovary via

A

Mesovarium

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18
Q

What does the equine ovary look like as a foal (shape, cortex/medulla?)

A

Starts as an oval. Cortical material is on ventral surface and almost looks like genital ridge. Medullary tissue is on dorsal surface and has blood vessels on surface

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19
Q

As horse matures, mesencyhymal growth of ovary occurs on

A

Poles and ovary becomes bean shaped

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20
Q

As horse matures, what happens to the cortical tissue?

A

Gets concentrated into one focal location

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21
Q

Horse - adult ovary - deep depression is called

A

Ovulation fossa

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22
Q

Equine - does the mesothelium cover the whole ovary?

A

Yes

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23
Q

Does the largest animal have the largest gonads?

A

No

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24
Q

Where does ovulation take place in the horse?

A

Ovulation fossa

25
Q

If not horse, where does ovulation happen?

A

Ovulation can take place over any side of ovary

26
Q

Pig ovary - shape is irregular and bumpy because

A

Ovary has so many follicles

27
Q

Cows - can you see/palpate follicles?

A

Yes! Both

28
Q

What size of follicle can you see with your naked eye?

A

Tertiary

29
Q

Horse- can you see/palpate follicles?

A

Can palpate fluid if its a big follicle

30
Q

Equine - can you palpate CLs

A

Yes

31
Q

Equine - 3° follicle has to grow towards _________ to ovulate

A

Ovulation fossa

32
Q

What is superstimulation?

A

Causing many follicles to grow to preovulatory size & greatly changing size & shape of ovary to do that

33
Q

The broad ligament attaches

A

The uterus to the body wall

34
Q

The Suspensory ligament comes off the

A

Cranial pole of ovary

35
Q

The suspensory ligament is a strong ligament that attaches to the

A

Last rib, fixing ovary in cranial position to kidney

36
Q

The broad ligament is made up of

A

2 layers of peritoneum coming down from roof of abdomen & sandwiching together as they wrap around descending uterine horn

37
Q

Broad ligament conveys what to uterus

A

Blood vessels & nervous supply to uterus - it contain fat & blood vessels

38
Q

In some species, you can have smooth muscle in the broad ligament, which is known as

A

Perimetrium & this smooth muscle joins up with the longitudinal muscle layer of uterus

39
Q

Which species is perimetrium prominent in?

A

Mare & cow

40
Q

Broad ligament connecting to uterine horn is called

A

Mesometrium

41
Q

The section of the broad ligament that connects to the ovary is called the

A

Mesovarium

42
Q

The section of the broad ligament that connects to the uterine tube is called the

A

Mesosalpinx

43
Q

What is the origin of the broad ligament

A

Roof of abdomen

44
Q

Where do the suspensory and proper ligaments come off the ovary & go?

A

Suspensory- off cranial pole of ovary to last rib
Proper - goes from caudal pole of ovary to uterus

45
Q

What is the round ligament of the uterus?

A

Remnant of gubernaculum

46
Q

Does the round ligament pass through the inguinal canal?

A

Yes, then attaches to lateral wall of vagina

47
Q

Where does the ovarian artery come from?

A

Caudal to suspensory ligament covered in fat - comes down towards ovary

48
Q

What branches off of the ovarian artery?

A

Uterine branch of ovarian artery

49
Q

Caudal blood vessel that provides uterus blood supply

A

Uterine branch of vaginal artery

50
Q

Location of uterine branch of vaginal artery

A

Comes very close to body of uterus, then feeds into lateral wall of uterus in broad ligament

51
Q

Do any vessels anastomosis in the uterus?

A

YES

52
Q

Name the 2 vessels that form the anastomosis in the uterus?

A

Uterine branch of vaginal artery & uterine branch of ovarian artery

53
Q

Where does the vaginal artery branch off of?

A

External iliac artery

54
Q

Where does the ovarian artery come from?

A

Abdominal aorta

55
Q

Cows - does smooth muscle become denser near uterine body

A

Yes

56
Q

Pigs - does smooth muscle become denser near uterine body

A

No

57
Q

What structures make up the ovarian bursa?

A

Mesovarium, mesosalpinx, infundibulum, & proper ligament from ovary

58
Q

Which species have an open ovarian bursa?

A

Horses, cows, pigs

59
Q

Which species have a closed ovarian bursa?

A

Dogs

Anatomy (41 decks)

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