Liver, Spleen, Pancreas Flashcards
what is the most cranial organ in the abdominal cavity?
liver
what is the largest gland in the body?
liver
the liver’s main product is
bile
describe the texture of the liver
soft and friable
is the liver lobated
yes
what does the gall bladder do
stores bile produced in liver
between which lobes does the gall bladder sit
quadrate and right medial lobe
what holds the liver in the abdominal cavity
L & R triangular ligaments, coronary ligament, vena cava, esophagus, and falciform ligament
describe portal circulation to the liver
blood gets delivered to the gastrointestinal system then into venous system which is then then delivered into 2nd capillary bed in liver where it’s drained by veins back to central circulation
where do hepatic artery and portal vein enter the liver
the visceral surface of the liver at porta
what are the 2 capillary beds in the portal circulatory system
1st - abdominal wall/organs
2nd - liver hepatocytes
does the dog have a caudate lobe of liver?
yes with 2 processes - papillary process & caudate process
location of papillary process of caudate lobe
closest to left lateral hepatic lobe
location of caudate process of caudate lobe
closest to right lateral hepatic lobe
what is the falciform ligament
ventral attachment of liver to abdomen
is the liver covered by the ribcage in a dog
yes, completely covered
falciform ligament vs round ligament location
falciform ligament goes over parietal ligament to level of esophagus
round ligament goes deeply between L medial lobe and quadrate lobe
the round ligament is the remnant of
umbilical vein
the gall bladder empties into
the common bile duct which goes into the duodenum
the common bile duct opens into
the duodenal papillae (major and minor)
is more liver located on the left or right in dog
fairly symmetrical, but more is located to R of midline
differences in pig vs dog liver
pig livers are not completely covered by ribcage
in pigs, is more liver L or R
right
in pigs, the R kidney does NOT make contact with
caudate lobe of liver
in dogs, where does the R kidney sit
renal fossa or renal impression in caudate lobe
are horse livers highly lobated?
no, not as obvious as dogs or pigs
in pigs, which liver lobe is much smaller
quadrate lobe
pigs caudate lobe differences from dog
pigs have no papillary process, just caudate process
where does round ligament sit in pigs
between quadrate and L medial lobe, but looks like it goes between R & L medial lobes because quadrate is so small
how many times more venous blood enters the liver than arterial blood?
2-3 times as much
where does majority of O2 liver gets come from
venous blood
where does the caudal vena cava run (with respect to liver)
top of dorsal part of liver and over parietal surface
is a pig’s liver obviously lobulated
yes! It has lots of connective tissue compared to other species
liver location in horse
very cranial
in horse, the L& R triangular ligaments connect
the liver to the body wall
is the equine liver well protected by the ribcage?
yes
in the horse, does more liver sit L or R
R - majority of liver located to R side of midline
equine ribs where liver is located
7th to 16th or 17th
in the horse, the liver is lifted up by
the ascending colon & held tight against diaphragm
liver is what % of carnivores’ BW
4-5%
liver is what % of herbivores’ BW
1-2%
what species do not have gall bladders
horses, deer, and rats
what lobe does the equine liver not have
no R medial lobe
horses have what ligament other species don’t have
hepatorenal ligament
fissures on quadrate lobe in horses appear as
mini lobes, and are more prominent on foals
in horses, the coronary ligament attaches
the liver to the diaphragm at the point of the vena cava & esophagus penetrate & form crown-like attachment at top of liver
where does the liver sit in the cow
entirely on the right as the left side is all rumen
is the cow liver protected by ribs
yes completely
the liver in the cow is supported by
the omasum
do cows have a gall bladder
yes
the liver in the cow comes in contact with
the reticulum, omasum, and dorsal cranial side of R kidney
as a general rule, as the abdominal organs enlarge, the liver starts to turn
counter-clockwise
which animal has the most obvious displacement of the liver
cow
which animal has the least obviously lobated liver
cow
does the caudate lobe have papillary and caudate process in cow
yes
which animals have a papillary and caudate process
cow and dog. Horse and pig just have caudate
in the cow, the ??????? divides the L hepatic lobe from the quadrate lobe
falciform & round ligament
do ruminants have a defined hilus on their spleen
yes
spleen has 2 sides - one faces _____ and one faces _______
stomach & intestines
what is the hilus on spleen
location where artery and vein enter organ. In species other than the cow, it is more distributed along the visceral surface
in the dog and cat, the spleen is shaped like
a dumbbell (ish). Has enlargements on both ends and a narrowing in the middle
spleen blood supply branches off
splenic artery
what kind of attachment does the ruminant spleen have
retroperitoneal
does the spleen have a capsule
yes - in some species it’s strong and muscular, but in ruminants its not
