Liver, Spleen, Pancreas

Question 1

what is the most cranial organ in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 1

liver

Question 2

what is the largest gland in the body?

Answer 2

liver

Question 3

the liver’s main product is

Answer 3

bile

Question 4

describe the texture of the liver

Answer 4

soft and friable

Question 5

is the liver lobated

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

what does the gall bladder do

Answer 6

stores bile produced in liver

Question 7

between which lobes does the gall bladder sit

Answer 7

quadrate and right medial lobe

Question 8

what holds the liver in the abdominal cavity

Answer 8

L & R triangular ligaments, coronary ligament, vena cava, esophagus, and falciform ligament

Question 9

describe portal circulation to the liver

Answer 9

blood gets delivered to the gastrointestinal system then into venous system which is then then delivered into 2nd capillary bed in liver where it’s drained by veins back to central circulation

Question 10

where do hepatic artery and portal vein enter the liver

Answer 10

the visceral surface of the liver at porta

Question 11

what are the 2 capillary beds in the portal circulatory system

Answer 11

1st - abdominal wall/organs
2nd - liver hepatocytes

Question 12

does the dog have a caudate lobe of liver?

Answer 12

yes with 2 processes - papillary process & caudate process

Question 13

location of papillary process of caudate lobe

Answer 13

closest to left lateral hepatic lobe

Question 14

location of caudate process of caudate lobe

Answer 14

closest to right lateral hepatic lobe

Question 15

what is the falciform ligament

Answer 15

ventral attachment of liver to abdomen

Question 16

is the liver covered by the ribcage in a dog

Answer 16

yes, completely covered

Question 17

falciform ligament vs round ligament location

Answer 17

falciform ligament goes over parietal ligament to level of esophagus
round ligament goes deeply between L medial lobe and quadrate lobe

Question 18

the round ligament is the remnant of

Answer 18

umbilical vein

Question 19

the gall bladder empties into

Answer 19

the common bile duct which goes into the duodenum

Question 20

the common bile duct opens into

Answer 20

the duodenal papillae (major and minor)

Question 21

is more liver located on the left or right in dog

Answer 21

fairly symmetrical, but more is located to R of midline

Question 22

differences in pig vs dog liver

Answer 22

pig livers are not completely covered by ribcage

Question 23

in pigs, is more liver L or R

Answer 23

right

Question 24

in pigs, the R kidney does NOT make contact with

Answer 24

caudate lobe of liver

Question 25

in dogs, where does the R kidney sit

Answer 25

renal fossa or renal impression in caudate lobe

Question 26

are horse livers highly lobated?

Answer 26

no, not as obvious as dogs or pigs

Question 27

in pigs, which liver lobe is much smaller

Answer 27

quadrate lobe

Question 28

pigs caudate lobe differences from dog

Answer 28

pigs have no papillary process, just caudate process

Question 29

where does round ligament sit in pigs

Answer 29

between quadrate and L medial lobe, but looks like it goes between R & L medial lobes because quadrate is so small

Question 30

how many times more venous blood enters the liver than arterial blood?

Answer 30

2-3 times as much

Question 31

where does majority of O2 liver gets come from

Answer 31

venous blood

Question 32

where does the caudal vena cava run (with respect to liver)

Answer 32

top of dorsal part of liver and over parietal surface

Question 33

is a pig's liver obviously lobulated

Answer 33

yes! It has lots of connective tissue compared to other species

Question 34

liver location in horse

Answer 34

very cranial

Question 35

in horse, the L& R triangular ligaments connect

Answer 35

the liver to the body wall

Question 36

is the equine liver well protected by the ribcage?

Answer 36

yes

Question 37

in the horse, does more liver sit L or R

Answer 37

R - majority of liver located to R side of midline

Question 38

equine ribs where liver is located

Answer 38

7th to 16th or 17th

Question 39

in the horse, the liver is lifted up by

Answer 39

the ascending colon & held tight against diaphragm

Question 40

liver is what % of carnivores' BW

Answer 40

4-5%

Question 41

liver is what % of herbivores' BW

Answer 41

1-2%

Question 42

what species do not have gall bladders

Answer 42

horses, deer, and rats

Question 43

what lobe does the equine liver not have

Answer 43

no R medial lobe

Question 44

horses have what ligament other species don't have

Answer 44

hepatorenal ligament

Question 45

fissures on quadrate lobe in horses appear as

Answer 45

mini lobes, and are more prominent on foals

Question 46

in horses, the coronary ligament attaches

Answer 46

the liver to the diaphragm at the point of the vena cava & esophagus penetrate & form crown-like attachment at top of liver

Question 47

where does the liver sit in the cow

Answer 47

entirely on the right as the left side is all rumen

Question 48

is the cow liver protected by ribs

Answer 48

yes completely

Question 49

the liver in the cow is supported by

Answer 49

the omasum

Question 50

do cows have a gall bladder

Answer 50

yes

Question 51

the liver in the cow comes in contact with

Answer 51

the reticulum, omasum, and dorsal cranial side of R kidney

Question 52

as a general rule, as the abdominal organs enlarge, the liver starts to turn

Answer 52

counter-clockwise

Question 53

which animal has the most obvious displacement of the liver

Answer 53

cow

Question 54

which animal has the least obviously lobated liver

Answer 54

cow

Question 55

does the caudate lobe have papillary and caudate process in cow

Answer 55

yes

Question 56

which animals have a papillary and caudate process

Answer 56

cow and dog. Horse and pig just have caudate

Question 57

in the cow, the ??????? divides the L hepatic lobe from the quadrate lobe

Answer 57

falciform & round ligament

Question 58

do ruminants have a defined hilus on their spleen

Answer 58

yes

Question 59

spleen has 2 sides - one faces _____ and one faces _______

Answer 59

stomach & intestines

Question 60

what is the hilus on spleen

Answer 60

location where artery and vein enter organ. In species other than the cow, it is more distributed along the visceral surface

Question 61

in the dog and cat, the spleen is shaped like

Answer 61

a dumbbell (ish). Has enlargements on both ends and a narrowing in the middle

Question 62

spleen blood supply branches off

Answer 62

splenic artery

Question 63

what kind of attachment does the ruminant spleen have

Answer 63

retroperitoneal

Question 64

does the spleen have a capsule

Answer 64

yes - in some species it's strong and muscular, but in ruminants its not