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Anatomy & Physiology > Test2 > Flashcards

Test2 Flashcards

1
Q

primary function of parathyroid hormone

A

increases blood calcium

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2
Q

type of bone is primarily located in the epiphysis

A

spongy

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3
Q

spongy bone

A

houses red bone marrow

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4
Q

hormone that doesnt affect bone growth and development

A

adrenaline

[insulin like growth factor, human growth hormone, estrogen]

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5
Q

arranged in units called osteons (haversion system)

A

compact bone

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6
Q

connective tissue lines the medullary cavity

A

endosteum

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7
Q

function that calcitonin serves

A

calcium homeostasis

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8
Q

epiphyseal plate of long bone is composed of..

A

hyaline cartilage

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9
Q

artery that provides blood to the medullary cavity and the diaphysis

A

nutrient

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10
Q

cell type that is affected by the parathyroid hormone

A

osteoclast

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11
Q

type of bone cell involved in bone resorption

A

osteoclast

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12
Q

type of bone cell involved in cell deposition

A

osteoblast

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13
Q

red one marrow is found in what type of bone

A

spongy

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14
Q

hormone that closes the epeiphyseal growth plate

A

testosterone/estrogen

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15
Q

cell type that differentitates into matrix producting cells

A

osteogenic cells

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16
Q

type of connective tissue lining the diaphysis and is continuous with articular cartilage

A

periosteum

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17
Q

calcified matrix of teh compact bone makes up _____

A

lamellae

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18
Q

largest blood vessels travel thru the ___ ___ to provide the haversian system of compact bone with blood

A

central canal

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19
Q

nerves follow the blood vessels that supply the bones

A

relationship of nerves and bones

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20
Q
  1. irregular lattice of thin columns in spongy bone
  2. cells that secrete the components required to build bone
  3. unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme
  4. mature cells that maintian the daily metabolism of bone
  5. microscopic unit of compact bone tissue
A
  1. trabeculae
  2. osteoblasts
  3. osteogenic cells
  4. osteocytes
  5. osteon
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21
Q

hormone that signals to close the epiphyseal plate

A

estrogen and testosterone

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22
Q

epiphyseal plate is made up of _____ cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage

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23
Q

bone not a part of the axial skeleton

A

scapula

[vertebral prominens, vertebrae, mandible)

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24
Q

vertebrae that has the largest body

A

lumbar

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25
Q

u shaped single bone in cervical region

A

hyoid

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26
Q

soft spots on the skulled ar etermed

A

fontanelle

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27
Q

how many thoracic vertebra in human spinal column

A

12

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28
Q

bones of palm are termed

A

metacarpals

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29
Q

each of following is a part of a pair of bones of the skull except the

A

occipital

30
Q

bones that helps form the elbow joint

A

ulna

31
Q

bone articulating with acetabulum

A

femur

32
Q

this bone is an example of a sesamoid bone

A

patella

33
Q

fluid filled sac that reduces friction btwn the skin and bone

A

bursae

34
Q

connective tissue that holds the bones of synovial joints togehter

A

ligament

35
Q

not a type of structural joint

A

articular

(fibrous, cartilagneous, synovial)

36
Q

joint labeled amphiarthrosis is ____ movable

A

slightly movable

37
Q

example of synarthosis

A

suture in the skull

38
Q

joint found btwn a tooth and the maxilla or mandible

A

gomphosis

39
Q

an example of a condloid joint

A

wrist

40
Q

joint at the epipseal plate is termed a

A

synchondroses

41
Q

in adults a sutural joint is functionally classified as

A

synarthrosis

42
Q

which ligament stabilizes the inner knee

A

ilio-femoral

43
Q

movemnt away from midline

A

abduction

44
Q

joint inovlving depression/elevation/protraction/retraction

A

tempomandibular

45
Q

articular cartilage is associated with

A

synovial joints

46
Q
  1. lateral malleolus
  2. medial malleolus
  3. talus
A
  1. fibula
  2. tibia
  3. tarsal
47
Q

gouty arthritis developes due to build up of

A

urate crysteals within joints

48
Q

articular disc or menisci is made up of

A

fibrous cartilage

49
Q

smooth muscle is ____ and involuntary

A

nonstriated

50
Q

sheath of areolar connective tissue that wwraps around individual muscle fibers

A

endomysium

51
Q

region between nerve terminal and motor endplate of a neuromuscular junction is termed the ____ ___

A

synaptic cleft

52
Q

term used to describe the ability of a muscle fiber to respnd to electrical stimulation

A

excitability

53
Q

what does calcium bind to within a sarcomere

A

troponin

54
Q

single somatic motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates is known as a

A

motor unit

55
Q

wasting away of muscle due to lack of use is known

A

atrophy

56
Q

replacement of skeletal muscles fibers with scar tissue is known as ____

A

fibrosis

57
Q

role of acetylcholine in neuromuscular junction

A

bind to the sodium channel

58
Q

bundles of muscle fibers is ___

A

fascicles

59
Q

cord of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to the periosteum of bone is

A

tendon

60
Q

function of ATP in muscle contraction

A

forms crossbridge

61
Q

functional unit of the muscle if the _____

A

sarcomere

62
Q

part of the sarcomere that shortens during muscle contraction

A

none of these

NOT actin myosin or z disc

63
Q

filament or structure that is a protein molecule

A

actin/myosin/troponin

64
Q

term describes skeletal muscle

A

voluntary, striated, multi nucleated

65
Q

sarcolemma is the

A

muscle plasma membrane

66
Q

synaptic vesicles located within

A

synaptic end bulb

67
Q

muscle contraction without shortening of the muscle is termed

A

isometric

68
Q

regulatory proteins in the muscle

A

troponin and tropomyosin

69
Q

cause of rigor mortis

A

calcium leakage

70
Q

which has more sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

skeletal muscle

Anatomy & Physiology (19 decks)

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