Test2 Flashcards
primary function of parathyroid hormone
increases blood calcium
type of bone is primarily located in the epiphysis
spongy
spongy bone
houses red bone marrow
hormone that doesnt affect bone growth and development
adrenaline
[insulin like growth factor, human growth hormone, estrogen]
arranged in units called osteons (haversion system)
compact bone
connective tissue lines the medullary cavity
endosteum
function that calcitonin serves
calcium homeostasis
epiphyseal plate of long bone is composed of..
hyaline cartilage
artery that provides blood to the medullary cavity and the diaphysis
nutrient
cell type that is affected by the parathyroid hormone
osteoclast
type of bone cell involved in bone resorption
osteoclast
type of bone cell involved in cell deposition
osteoblast
red one marrow is found in what type of bone
spongy
hormone that closes the epeiphyseal growth plate
testosterone/estrogen
cell type that differentitates into matrix producting cells
osteogenic cells
type of connective tissue lining the diaphysis and is continuous with articular cartilage
periosteum
calcified matrix of teh compact bone makes up _____
lamellae
largest blood vessels travel thru the ___ ___ to provide the haversian system of compact bone with blood
central canal
nerves follow the blood vessels that supply the bones
relationship of nerves and bones
- irregular lattice of thin columns in spongy bone
- cells that secrete the components required to build bone
- unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme
- mature cells that maintian the daily metabolism of bone
- microscopic unit of compact bone tissue
- trabeculae
- osteoblasts
- osteogenic cells
- osteocytes
- osteon
hormone that signals to close the epiphyseal plate
estrogen and testosterone
epiphyseal plate is made up of _____ cartilage
hyaline cartilage
bone not a part of the axial skeleton
scapula
[vertebral prominens, vertebrae, mandible)
vertebrae that has the largest body
lumbar
u shaped single bone in cervical region
hyoid
soft spots on the skulled ar etermed
fontanelle
how many thoracic vertebra in human spinal column
12
bones of palm are termed
metacarpals
each of following is a part of a pair of bones of the skull except the
occipital
bones that helps form the elbow joint
ulna
bone articulating with acetabulum
femur
this bone is an example of a sesamoid bone
patella
fluid filled sac that reduces friction btwn the skin and bone
bursae
connective tissue that holds the bones of synovial joints togehter
ligament
not a type of structural joint
articular
(fibrous, cartilagneous, synovial)
joint labeled amphiarthrosis is ____ movable
slightly movable
example of synarthosis
suture in the skull
joint found btwn a tooth and the maxilla or mandible
gomphosis
an example of a condloid joint
wrist
joint at the epipseal plate is termed a
synchondroses
in adults a sutural joint is functionally classified as
synarthrosis
which ligament stabilizes the inner knee
ilio-femoral
movemnt away from midline
abduction
joint inovlving depression/elevation/protraction/retraction
tempomandibular
articular cartilage is associated with
synovial joints
- lateral malleolus
- medial malleolus
- talus
- fibula
- tibia
- tarsal
gouty arthritis developes due to build up of
urate crysteals within joints
articular disc or menisci is made up of
fibrous cartilage
smooth muscle is ____ and involuntary
nonstriated
sheath of areolar connective tissue that wwraps around individual muscle fibers
endomysium
region between nerve terminal and motor endplate of a neuromuscular junction is termed the ____ ___
synaptic cleft
term used to describe the ability of a muscle fiber to respnd to electrical stimulation
excitability
what does calcium bind to within a sarcomere
troponin
single somatic motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it stimulates is known as a
motor unit
wasting away of muscle due to lack of use is known
atrophy
replacement of skeletal muscles fibers with scar tissue is known as ____
fibrosis
role of acetylcholine in neuromuscular junction
bind to the sodium channel
bundles of muscle fibers is ___
fascicles
cord of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to the periosteum of bone is
tendon
function of ATP in muscle contraction
forms crossbridge
functional unit of the muscle if the _____
sarcomere
part of the sarcomere that shortens during muscle contraction
none of these
NOT actin myosin or z disc
filament or structure that is a protein molecule
actin/myosin/troponin
term describes skeletal muscle
voluntary, striated, multi nucleated
sarcolemma is the
muscle plasma membrane
synaptic vesicles located within
synaptic end bulb
muscle contraction without shortening of the muscle is termed
isometric
regulatory proteins in the muscle
troponin and tropomyosin
cause of rigor mortis
calcium leakage
which has more sarcoplasmic reticulum
skeletal muscle
