Test1 Flashcards
the body’s ability to detect and respond to changes to its internal environment?
responsiveness
the science of body functions
physiology
which component of the feedback system recieves output from the control center and producesa response?
effector
which component of the feedback system receives input with evironmental change?
receptor
body systems that share common structures are…
endocrine and reproductive
level of body organization represents the smallest living unit
cellular
histology is the study of
tissues
cytology is study of
cell structure
an example of positive feedback…
childbirth
phrase that describes catabolism?
break down process
phrase that best describes anabolism?
build up process
a substance that can not be split into simpler substance
element
term/phase describing a free radical
highly reactive
atoms with diff numbers of netrons but same number of protons are said to be…
isotopes
compound dissociates in water and forms a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH-. this substance most likely is a _____
salt
h20 is example of ___ and ____
compound and molecule
substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions and one or more anions is
acid
number of carbon atoms in one glucose is __ and in one laactose molecule is __
6; 12
organic compound includes ATP and RNA is
nucleic acids
which molecules is considered inorganic?
- CO
- NaCl
- CO2
molecules considered organic
- lipids
- triglycerides
- nucleic acids
- carbohydrates
molecule that contains sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base is…
RNA
type of organic compound that yields highest amount of heat (energy) per weight
lipids
proteins that act as catalysts are ___
enzymes
which lipid component is the highest percentage of the plasma membrane?
phospholipids
reaction that produces 2 amino acids from a dipeptide
hydrolytic
when potassium is represented “K+” , it means that
given up an electron
reaction that produces a disaccharide from 2 monosaccharides
dehydration synthesis
steroids are a form of…
lipids
peptide bonds are a characteristic of ….
carbohydrates
process that utilizes mRNA as a template
transciption
process that utiliazes DNA as a template
transcription
process resulting in the formation of protein
translation
where is mRNA synthesized
cytoplasm
what components of the plasma membrane makes up the glycocalyx
glycolipids and glycoproteins
term that does not make up the cytoskeleton
vacuole
[microfilament, microtubule, intermediate filament]
common component between glycoproteins and glycolipids
protein
organelle involved with lipid synthesis
smooth ER
organelle that utilizes oxygen to produce energy
mitocondria
type of molecular transport that requires a vesicle
active transport
sodium and potassium cross teh plasma membrane using _____
channels
if cell membrane is permeable only to water which direction does water move when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?
out of the cell
what happens to cell shape in a hyptonic solution when the membrane is permeable to water
swells
organelle contains digestive enzymes
lysosomes
organelle is site of rRNA
ribosomes
organelle that uses amino acids to form proteins
ribosomes
organella that modifies proteins and releases them within a vesicle
golgi
how many ATPs used by the sodium/potassium ATPase pump to remove 3 sodiums and 2 potassiums?
1
term polyunstaturation refers to the number of :
double bonds
2 components that make up a triglyceride
glycerol and fatty acid
tissue type includes adipose and bone
connective
tissue type that transmits electrical impulses and regulates all organ systems
nervous tissue
type of epithelium found in kid kidney tubules
simple cuboidal
type of epithelium that epidermis is
stratified squamous
epithelial type stretches and chages shape when filled (bladder)
transitional
type of cartilage is found as pads in the knee joint
fibrocartilage
cell type found within cartilage
chondrocytes
epithelial tissue allowing gas exchange quickly within the lungs
simple squamous
where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium located in the body?
trachea
primary tissue type consisting of white blood cells
connective
tissue type containing intercalated discs
cardiac muscle
cheek cell is an example of
epithelium
type of tissue containing an axon
neurons
- causes diffusion rate to decrease
- utilization of a protein transporter
- movement of a water thru a selectively permeable membrane
- no net movemnt of a solute or solvent thru a selectively permeable membrane
- reuired by Na+ and K+ to move against the concentration gradient
- low temperature
- mediated/facilitated
- osmosis
- isotonic
- ATP
- single layer of cells
- lines hollow organs
- dense regular(fbrous) connective tissue
- high number of mitochondria within cells
- epecially designed for secretion
- simple
- epithelium
- ligament
- muscle tissue
- columnar
gland that isnt assocaited with the human skin
mucous
cell type that is a specialized white blood cell
adipocytes
if skin is yellow/organge, due to
carotene
region of the dermis anchors the epidermis and contain capillaries for exchange of gases
papillary region
name area which is not part of the skin containing areolar and adipose tissue
reticular region
is present in thick skin but not in thin
stratum lucidum
correct order of layer for epidermis (deepest to superficial)
- stratum basale
- statum spinosum
- statum granulosum
- stratum lucidum
- statum corneum
found in the epidermis these cells ingest foreign substances.
langerhan cells
regions that makeup the dermis of the skin
papillary , reticular
tissue type is the hair root plexus
nervous
hair root plexus allows for what type of sensation
light touch
sudiferous glands release
sweat
not a function of skin
thermoregulation
sebaceous glands release
oil
muscle attached to hair root
arrector pili
eccrine glands primary function is _____
thermoregulation
ceruminous glands
produce ear wax
epedermal cell involved in touch sensation
merkel cells
decubitis ulcer (bed sore) caused by
poor blood ckirculation
