Nerves Lab

Question 1

outermost gray matter of the cerebrum is…

Answer 1

cerebral cortex

Question 2

elevated ridges of tissue

Answer 2

gyrus/gyri

Question 3

gyri are separated by _____

Answer 3

sulci/suclus

Question 4

gyri can also be separated by deeper grooves called….

Answer 4

fissures

Question 5

Most sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system are

Answer 5

unipolar

Question 6

these neurons occur in special sense organs, where they relay information about sight, smell, or hearing from the receptor cells to other neurons

Answer 6

bipolar

Question 7

have two or more dendrites and a single axon and are the most common type of neuron in the CNS.ex. all the motor neurons that control skeletal muscles are

Answer 7

multipolar

Question 8

this sulcus divides the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe

Answer 8

central sulcus

Question 9

synapse points of cranial nerve I/mark the position of the floor of the deincephalon

Answer 9

olfactory bulbs

Question 10

fifth lobe of each cerebral hemisphere

Answer 10

insula

Question 11

the pimary somatosensory cortex is located in the ______ ____ of the parietal lobe

Answer 11

postcentral gyrus

Question 12

primary motor area is reponsible for conscious or voluntary movemnt of the skeletal muscles located in the _____ __

Answer 12

precentral gyrus

Question 13

crossover of the optic nerves

Answer 13

optic chiasma

Question 14

the most superior portion of the brain stem and embryologically part of the forebrain

Answer 14

diencephalon

Question 15

what brain regions make up the diencephalon?

Answer 15

hypothalamus, thalamus, and epithalamus

Question 16

large cauliflower like under occiptal lobes of cerebrum

Answer 16

cerebellum

Question 17

brain regions composed in the brain stem

Answer 17

medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

Question 18

means bridge, consists of motor and sensory fiber tracts connecting hte brain and lower CNScenters

Answer 18

pons

Question 19

loest brain stem region composed of fiber tracts

Answer 19

medulla oblongata

Question 20

a crossover point for the major motor tracts(pyramidal tracts)descending from the motor areas of the cerbrum to the cord on the medulla’s surface

Answer 20

decussation of pyramids

Question 21

medulla contains many vital autonomic centers involved in control of …..

Answer 21

• heart rate
• respiratory rhythm
• blood pressure
• involuntary centers(vomiting,swallowing)

Question 22

consists of 2 large lobs of gray matter that laterally enclose the shallow third ventricle of thebrain

Answer 22

thalamus

Question 23

makes up the floor and inferolateral walls of the 3rd ventricle. important autonomic center involved in regulation of body temp, water balance, and fat and carb metabolism

Answer 23

hypothalamus

Question 24

• forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle and is most dorsal portion of diencephalon
• important stuctures within are pineal gland and choroid plexus

Answer 24

epithalamus

Question 25

a neuroendocrine structure in epithalamus

Answer 25

pineal gland

Question 26

stucture in epithalamus that is knotlike collections of capillaries within each ventricle, and form cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 26

choroid plexus

Question 27

slender canal traveling through midbrain; connecting 3rd ventricle and 4th ventricle in the hindbrain below

Answer 27

cerebral aqueduct

Question 28

treelike branching of the cerebellar white matter is referred to as

Answer 28

arbor vitae (tree of life)

Question 29

brain and spinal cord covered and protected by 3 connective tissue membranes called

Answer 29

meninges

Question 30

outermost meninx; leathery; double layered membrane (periosteal and meningeal layer)

Answer 30

dura mater

Question 31

extension in inner membrane dipping into the longtudinal fissue btwn the cerebral hemispheres to attach to the crista galli of the ethmoid bone of the skull

Answer 31

falx cerebri

Question 32

meninx that separates the 2 cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 32

falx cerebelli

Question 33

meninx that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum below; inward fold of the inner dural membrane

Answer 33

tentorium cerebelli

Question 34

the middle meninx; weblike; underlies the dura mater and is partialled separated from it by subdural space

Answer 34

arachnoid mater

Question 35

threadlike projections bridge the subarachnoid space to attach the arachnoid to the innermost meninx which is the....

Answer 35

pia mater

Question 36

specialized projections of the aracnoid tissue that protrudes throught he dura mater to allow the cerebrospinal fluid to drain back into the venous circulation via the supeior saggital sinus and other dural sinues

Answer 36

arachnoid villi

Question 37

joins right and left sides of thalamus

Answer 37

intermediate mass of thalamus

Question 38

cerebrospinal fluid circulates from the 2 lateral ventricles in the 3rd via the

Answer 38

interventricular foramina

Question 39

purely sensory never- carreis afferent impulses associated with sense of smell

Answer 39

I. olfactory nerve

Question 40

purely sensory-- carries afferent impulses associated with vision

Answer 40

II. optic nerve

Question 41

primarily motor- somatic motor fibers to inferior oblique and superior, infereior, and medial rectus muscles, directing eyeball

Answer 41

III. oculomotor nerves

Question 42

primarily motor-- provides somatic motor fibers to superior oblique muscle that moves the eyeball

Answer 42

IV. trochlear nerve

Question 43

mixed -- major sensory nerve of face; conducts sensory impulses from skin of face and anterior scalp

Answer 43

V. Trigeminal

Question 44

carries somatic motor fibers to lateral rectus muscle tha moves the eyeball

Answer 44

VI. abducens nerve

Question 45

mixed-- supplies somatic motor fibers to muscles of facial expression and parasympathetic motor fibers to lacrimal and salivary glands

Answer 45

VII. Facial

Question 46

purely sensory-- vestibular branch transmits impulses associated with sense of equilibrium from vestinular apparatus and semicircular canals

Answer 46

VIII. vestbulochoclear nerve

Question 47

mixed-- somatic motor fibers serve pharyngeal muscles, and parasympathetic motor fibers serve salivary glands

Answer 47

IX. glossopharyngeal

Question 48

mixed -- fibers carry somatic motor impulses to pharyns and larynx and sensory fibers from same structures

Answer 48

X. Vagus

Question 49

mixed but primarily motor provides somatic motor fibers to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles and to muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and larynx

Answer 49

XI. Accessory

Question 50

mixed by primarily motor in function, carries somatic motor fibers to muscles of tongue

Answer 50

XII. Hypoglossal

Question 51

* Classified as part of the telencephalon, they are the largest of the ventricles * connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramen of Monro.

Answer 51

lateral ventricles

Question 52

lateral and third ventricle connected by....

Answer 52

interventricular foramen

Question 53

canal connecting third and fourth ventricle

Answer 53

cerebral aqueduct

Question 54

(enclosed withint he vertebral canal of the spinal column ) extending from the foramen magnum of skull to first or 2nd lumbar vertebra where it terminates in the cone shaped....

Answer 54

conus medullaris

Question 55

2 dorsal projections in gray matter of spinal cord

Answer 55

posterior grey horn

Question 56

2 ventral projections of gray matter

Answer 56

ventral /anterior grey horn

Question 57

lateral outpocketing of gray matter on each side is reffered to as the

Answer 57

lateral horn

Question 58

central area of gray matter connecting the 2 vertical regions is the

Answer 58

gray commissure

Question 59

gray commissure surrounds the ____ \_\_\_\_ of the cord, which contains cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 59

central canal

Question 60

dorsal horns contain interneurons and sensory fibers that enter the cord from the body periphery via the ...

Answer 60

dorsal root

Question 61

cellbodies of thse sensory neurons are found in an enlarged area of the dorsal root called the

Answer 61

dorsal root ganglion

Question 62

send impulses IN to the central nervous system from sense receptors in the skin or internal organs,

Answer 62

afferent

Question 63

send impulses OUT from the CNS to the skeletal muscles

Answer 63

efferent

Question 64

posterior root ganglion has \_\_\_\_\_\_\_neurons

Answer 64

sensory

Question 65

ventral root mainly have \_\_\_\_neurons

Answer 65

motor

Question 66

arises from the ventral rami of C1 to C5 to suppl muscles of the shoulder and neck.

Answer 66

cervical plexus

Question 67

* major motor branch of cervical plexus * arises from C3 thru C4 and passes into the thoracic cavity in front of the first rib to innervate teh diaphragm * c3c4c5 keep the diaphragm alive

Answer 67

phrenic nerve

Question 68

large and complex arising from ventral rami of C5 thru C8 and T1

Answer 68

brachial plexus

Question 69

nerve in brachial plexus serving the muscles and skin of the shoulder with limitied distribution

Answer 69

axillary nerve

Question 70

nerve in brachial plexus traveling down the posteromedial surface of the arm

Answer 70

ulnar nerve

Question 71

plexus that arises from ventral rami of L1 thru L4

Answer 71

lumbar plexus

Question 72

largest nerve of lumbar plexus that passes beneath inguinal ligament to innevate the anterior thigh muscles L2-L4

Answer 72

femoral nerve

Question 73

in lumbar plexus, motor to adductor magus, longus, and brevis muscles nerve L2-L4

Answer 73

obturator nerve

Question 74

collection of spinal nerves traversing the inferior end of the vertebral canal is called the

Answer 74

cauda equina