Test Review Flashcards
Etiology of mental disorders
Abnormal response to stress- stuck in a fight or flight stage
Define mental disorder
Maladaptive response to stressors from internal or external environment evidenced by thoughts, feelings, or behaviors incongruent with local or cultural norms
General adaptation syndrome- stages
Alarm stage
Resistance stage
Stage of exhaustion or death
Types of admissions
Voluntary
Involuntary
Voluntary admission
201
Initiated by patient
Formal agreement to be hospitalized
Involuntary admission
Not requested by patient
Need for emergency evaluation
Must be formally discharged
When you can force Meds
Mentally incompetent
In emergency
Endangers another person
DSM IV
1- clinical disorders 2- personality disorders 3- general medical conditions 4- psychosocial problems 5- global assessment of functioning (#s)
Phases of nurse patient relationship
Preinteraction
Orientation phase
Working phase
Termination phase
Confidentiality
Need trust and rapport, be honest
Trust
Necessary to develop any relationship, must be earned, keep promises, be honest, be confidential
Therapeutic use of self
Ability to use ones personality consistently and to full awareness in attempt to establish relatedness and structure interventions
Being supportive in nurse to relationship
Empathy and genuineness
Ethical treatment
Christian values- do to others as you would have done to you
Types of therapeutic communication
Silence, accepting, recognition, offering yourself, offer general lead, restate, reflect, focus, explore present reality
Non therapeutic communication
Reassurance, rejection, giving your opinion or advice, defending, belittling, denial, interpreting
Erik Ericsson
Basic assumption that social factor is more important in personality development, critical tasks must be achieved at each stage
Harry stack Sullivan
Personality and experiences relate to anxiety- good me, bad me, not me
Need for family therapy
Preferred unit of treatment, framework views pt as expressing pathology within his or her family
Benefits of group therapy
Explores patients goals, insights, problem solving strategies, concerns, and feelings, modeling
Benefits of group therapy
Efficient use of resources, cost effective, therapeutic benefits, logical
Stages of group development
Initial- anxiety, cliques, attention competition
Middle- group is more cohesive, members talk, help others
Termination- evaluate and discuss resources
Roles of groups in therapy
Monopolizer
Complainer
Demoralizer
Silent member
Monopolizer
Talks excessively
Complainer
Won’t accept help
Demoralizer
No empathy for others
Silent member
May not feel safe or sense of belonging
Optimum group size
8-10
Curative factors
Instillation of hope, universality, imparting info, altruism, corrective recapulation, development of social techniques, imitate behavior, interpersonal learning, catharsis, extensitial factors, group cohesiveness
Instillation of hope
Seeing others progress may motivate them to get better
Universality
Validating they’re not alone
Imparting information
Formal- info from leader
Informal- info from members
Altruism
Offering support and feeling better or useful
Corrective recapitulation
Behavior has been influenced by family
Socialization techniques
Direct- here to learn social skills
Indirect- through unplanned feedback
Imitative behavior
Tries to be like another person
Interpersonal learning
Through interaction with others they acquire insight
Catharsis
Expressing intense emotion
Existential factors
Life isn’t fair
Group cohesive
Sense of belonging
Cognitive therapy
Client focuses on connections between thoughts, mood, and behavior. Explores between distorted or automatic thoughts and aids in reality based thinking
Projective therapy techniques
Music therapy, dance therapy, art therapy, bibliotherapy (reading books)
Schizophrenia definition
Combination of disordered thinking, perceptual disturbance, behavioral abnormalities, affective disruptions, and impaired social function
Psychotic symptoms
Inappropriate affect, blunted affect, flat affect, anhedonia (can’t experience pleasure), hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, loose associations, echolalia (repeated words), neologism (made up words) word salad, clang association, concrete thinking, poor concentration, memory deficient, impaired problem solving, lack of motivation, social isolation
Nursing management of symptoms
Help attain highest level of functioning, social skills, self esteem, reduce anxiety, teach, limit hyperactivity, self care
Positive schizophrenia symptoms
Not normally seen in healthy people- hallucinations, delusions
Negative symptoms in schizo
Decreased activity, limited speech, minimal self care
Anti psychotic drug adverse reactions
Dystonic- muscle spasm
Parkinsonism
Akathesia- Inability to sit or stand still
Tardive dyskensia- permanent twitches
Primary nursing diagnoses
Altered thought process, altered sensory perception, high risk for violence, self care deficit
Pharmacological treatment
Conventional/neuroleptics- phenothiazines, relieve positive symptoms
New Meds- eliminate both negative and positive symptoms- risperdal
