Test Prep 1 Flashcards by Terry Herring

An association founded in 1847 comprising medical doctors whose mission is to promote healthy lifestyles across all patient population.

AMA

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The professional organization for surgical nurses; originally known as the association of Operating Room Nurses.

AORN

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The professional association for surgical technologists that strive to uphold and support the standards of patient care and the profession.

AST

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A surgical technologist who has successfully passed the certified examination given by the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting.

CST

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A surgical technologist with advanced training who has successfully passed the certification examination for surgical first assistants.

CST-CSFA

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Professional status, granted by state government, which defines the limits (scope) of practice and regulates those who hold a license

Licensure

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What are the differences between the titles TS-C and CST?

CST is a certified technologist, you get this certification through the NBSTSA. TS-C is the credential tech in surgery-certified, which you get through the NCCT (military)

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What are the necessary requirements for a surgical technologist to renew his or her certification?

Continuing education credits
earn 30 credits within the 2 years before renewal

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The surgical technologist who works in a hospital or other facility that provides 24-hour care is usually required to:

A) Take a break every hour
B) Take emergency call
C) Work a 24-hour shift
D) Work overtime

B
Take Emergency Call

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Certification differs from licensure in that certification ________.

A) is not currently mandatory to practice in all 50 states
B) is a no-cost exam
C) does not require continuing education credits
D) allows employers to evaluate prospective employees by one verifiable national standard

A
Is not currently mandatory to practice in all 50 states

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__________ is the transfer of responsibility for an activity from one person to another. Can include tasks that might require or not require direct supervision.

A) Delegation
B) Order
C) Transfer
D) Decision

A
Delegation

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Acknowledgment by a private agency that a person has achieved a minimum level of knowledge and skill. Demonstrates that the graduate is from an accredited institution and has achieved the minimum level of knowledge and skills.

Certification

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In surgery, taking responsibility for one’s actions, mistakes, and abilities is called ________, one of the most important elements for success as a surgical technologist.

A) sense of humor
B) organization
C) surgical conscience
D) concentration

C
Surgical Conscience

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____________ involves rules that might regulate the conduct of a specific group, standard of behavior, and includes the medical and professional acts. The moral obligation one person owes to another.

Ethics

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Establishes, maintains, and promotes quality standards for education programs in surgical technology and surgical first assisting

ARC/STSA:

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Legal document stating the patient’s surgical procedure and the risks and consequences. Must be obtained by the surgeon.

Informed Consent

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Accredits health science programs, including those for surgical technology.

CAAHEP
Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs.

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Is responsible for all certification-related decisions, such as eligibility, renewal, and revocation, as well as developing the certification examination.

NBSTSA
National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting. (formerly the Liaison Council on Certification for the Surgical Technologist)

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Omission or commission of an act that a reasonable or prudent person would not do under the same conditions. This can involve exceeding scope of practice, education, experience, policies and procedures, and knowledge.

Negligence

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Process by which an agency or organization establishes a minimum knowledge base for a given health care profession and awards a credential to individuals that meet the minimum knowledge level. Can be by:
Registration
Certification
Licensure

Credentialing

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Documentation that describes any injury or potential for injury suffered by a patient and/or employee in a healthcare agency. This documentation does not go into the patient’s medical record, but sent to Risk Managment.

Incident report

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An injury resulting from the activity of health care professional

Iatrogenic injury

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“The patient first” motto of the AST

Aeger primo

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“Let the master answer” an employer is vicariously liable for the behavior of an employee working within his or her scope of employment

Respondeat superior

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"The thing speaks for itself" Example leaving a sponge in a patient

Res ipsa loquitur

Private or civil wrong or injury for which the court provides a remedy through an action for damages. Can be intentional or unintentional. Also, may involve imprisonment and the act of negligence.

Tort

The ability to reasonably anticipate that harm or injury may result because of certain acts or omissions.

Doctrine of foreseeability

A client's agreement to accept a course of treatment or a procedure after receiving complete information, including the risks of treatment and facts relating to it, from the physician. Also known as the patient's operative consent form.

Informed consent

Adopted by American hospital association in 1972. A series of 12 rights afforded to patients during a hospital stay. In 2003 it became known as Patient care partnership

AHA patient's bill of rights

A federal law protecting the privacy of patient-specific health care information and providing the patient with control over how this information is used and distributed.

HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

A model of human achievement and self-actualization developed by psychologist Abraham Maslow. Triangle hierarchy in which the critical needs to preserve life are at the base levels and other needs that create emotional, social, spiritual fulfillment flow upward. Physiological - security - social - ego - self actualization.

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs

Developed by Carl Rogers that stated every person has a sense of potential well-being and that, provided with the right experiences and humanistic experiences, people will gravitate towards health.

Person centered approach

Occurs with damage to the inner ear or nerve that conduct signals to the brain. sounds sound faint and voices muffled. Most common in aging process but also by trauma, malformation of inner ear, or toxic drugs.

Sensorineural hearing loss

Therapeutic care, communication, and intervention provided according to the unique needs of the patient and centered on those needs.

Patient-Centered Care

An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury.

Sentinel Event

Legally valid document written in advance of serious illness that states the patient's choices for health care.

Advance Directive

A health professional's failure to provide care to a patient, especially when there is an implied contract to do so. Examples include leaving the operating room during a surgical case without transferring care to another person, and leaving a patient on a stretcher alone in the hallway.

Abandonment

The testimony of a witness given under oath and transcribed by a court reporter during the retrial phase of a lawsuit.

Deposition

A situation or personal conflict that arises from a need to make a decision when none of the choices are acceptable.

Dilemma

A legal document stating the patient's wishes regarding care in the event the patient is unable to speak for himself or herself.

Living will

Negligence committed by a professional.

Malpractice

Actions intended to punish a person who has violated the law.

Punitive

The _________ __________ __________ regulates the use of chemicals such as those used in disinfection, sterilization, and environmental cleaning.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Patient is left unattended in the OR suite, staff member leaves the OR at the change of shift while the patient is on the table, patient left unattended in hallway, staff member leaves without telling anyone, and someone delegates care of the patient to someone who is unqualified to provide safe care.

Examples of abandonment

Verbal defamation

Slander

__________ involves carrying out the physical contact with intent to injure and applies even if no injury occurred. Can include simple touching without permission.

Battery

Surgical consent is signed by the ________, _________, and a ________.

Surgeon, patient, and a witness (remember a student cannot witness a legal document)

A legal document signed by a person who is giving another individual the power to make health decisions for the first person, if he or she becomes incompetent, unconscious, or unable to make decisions for himself or herself.

Medical power of attorney

Laws passed by state legislative bodies.

Statutes

Issues and enforces regulations that protect employees and patients against risks in the work environment

OSHA

A court order requiring its recipient to appear and testify at a trial or deposition (medical records can also be required).

Subpoena

A derogatory statement concerning another persons scale, character, or reputation. Includes wrongs of slander and/or libel.

Defamation

Ability to understand/share feelings of another

Empathy

AKA "comfort care" The standard of care for the dying

Palliative Care

Victim, person filling law suit Who the complaint is made to

Plaintiff Defendant

Literally "First do no harm" - A guiding principles of the Hippocratic Medical Ethics

Primum non noncere

Threat to harm another physically.

Assault

Legal rule that holds each individual responsible for his/her own actions

Liability

Legal doctrine in which an employer is held liable for the actions of an employee.

Doctrine of Borrowed Servant

The law does not permit a wrongdoer to avoid legal liability for his/her own wrongdoing even though someone else may be sued and held legally liable for the wrongful conduct in question under another rule of law.

Doctrine of personal liability

The captain of the ship has traditionally been held responsible for all those under his supervision

Captain of the ship doctrine

Established and enforced by federal, state, and local legislators. The courts decide how the law applies to situations

Statutory law

The root of law in the United States is the Constitution of the United States

Constitutional law

Illegal detention of a person w/out consent. Requires; Confinement of victim, Intent to do so by the perpetrator, Lack of consent by the victim.

False imprisonment

Every person is accountable to the patient, employer, profession, and self.

Accountability

Members of the surgical team who have performed a hand and arm hygiene procedure.

Sterile Team Member

In an emergency situation (life or death) how can consent be obtained?

Telephone nearest relative 2 consulting physicians Telegram or fax from nearest relative

The organization that control regulation of sterile processing.

AAMI Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation

In the break room, a precepting surgical technologist is overhead discussion a student's lack of instruments knowledge. The precepting surgical technologist just committed

Slander Spoken defamation

When should TIME OUT be performed?

Should be performed prior to making the initial incision - All team members need to be in the room.

During a procedure, a major piece of equipment malfunctions and causes a patient's death. What would this be considered?

A sentinel event

The patient's legal name, surgeon's name, procedure, patient's legal signature, risk of anesthesia, signature of witness, and date and time of signatures are all required information for what document?

Informed Consent

The term PACU refers to the:

Post anesthesia care unit The Recovery Room

Accountability is defined as an:

Obligation

Negligence is a breach of duty and is defined as:

An omission

Patient signs a permission form for surgery, but because of a language barrier she does not understand what she has signed. This could constitute a liability case for:

Assault and Battery

Who is ultimate responsible for obtaining the consent?

Surgeon

Personal liability is a legal rule that:

Holds each individual responsible for his/her own acts

This is when a healthcare provider does not perform the duties for a patient that a reasonable and prudent person would do in the same circumstances:

Negligence

Is an act or omission by a healthcare provider which deviates from accepted standards of practice in the medical community and which causes injury to the patient.

Malpractice

WHO

The World Health Organization

Ability of legal defendants to participate in their own defense and understand the charges.

Competency

Refers to reacting to another's feelings with an emotional response that is similar to the other's response.

Empathy

Task that are delegated to another person and require direct supervision by the person delegating the task.

Dependent tasks

Tasks that are transferred to another person and do not require direct supervision by the person delegating the tasks.

Independent tasks

A disease or condition that exists simultaneously with another unrelated disease in the same patients.

Comorbidity

Care that is usually "hands on"

Direct care

A purposeful method of communication in which the caregiver responds to explicit or implicit needs of the patient.

Therapeutic communication

Sexual coercion, sexual innuendoes, or unwanted sexual comments or touch.

Sexual harassment

State laws that define the practice of nursing.

Nurse practice act

Crime of intentionally lying or falsifying information given during court testimony after being sworn to tell the truth.

Perjury

A court-issued document that is received by a person being sued, notifying the person that he/she is a defendant in the lawsuit.

Summons

Administers anesthesia to the patient.

ACP Anesthesia Care Provider

Law enacted by Congress and state legislatures.

Statutory law

Being unqualified or inadequate to perform a duty.

Incompetence

The act of listing qualified individuals in a registry.

Registration

Duty to assist others in determining their best interest or the cause of possible harm.

Beneficence