Anesthesia, Physiological Monitoring, an Postanesthesia Recover Flashcards
The absence of pain produced by specific drugs
Analgesia
A drug that reduces or blocks sensation or induces unconsciousness.
Anesthetic
In anesthesia the patient’s inability to recall events that occur after the administration Of specific drugs
Anterograde amnesia
Regional Anesthesia in which the anesthetic agent is injected into a vein
Bier block
The capture and safe removal of extraneous anesthetic gases from the anesthesia machine
Gas scavenging
Anesthesia In a specific area of the body, achieved by injection of an anesthetic around a major nerve or group of nerves
Regional block
The _______ _______ is a digital sensor that detects oxygen saturation in the hemoglobin by spectrometry
Pulse oximeter
During general anesthesia the patient is intubated immediately after….
Induction
Adequate _______ _______ is necessary during general Anastasia to allow manipulation of the body wall and other tissues in the operative site
Muscle relaxation
Termination of Anastasia in the process of regaining consciousness is called
Emergence
Removal of the airway is called
Extubation
____________ sedation is a state in which the patient can respond to verbal commands
Minimal
What is an anesthetic that is applied directly to the eye skin or mucous membranes
Topical
What is a small amount of drug that is introduced by multiple injections into the skin and subcutaneous and deeper tissue
Local infiltration
A single nerve or nerve plexus is what type of anesthesia
Nerve block
What is a continuous patient monitoring provided during regional anesthesia in addition to noninvasive physiological monitoring the ACP administers sedative and anoxiolytic drugs as needed and manages any anesthetic or physiological emergencies
Monitored anesthesia care MAC
______________ is treated with mechanical ventilation or in severe cases administration of succinylcholine to paralyze the muscles
Laryngospasm
What is a rare physiological response to all volatile anesthetic agents
Malignant hyperthermia
What is an emergency drug for malignant hyperthermia treatment
Dantrium
During _________ anesthesia, an anesthetic agent in injected into the subarachnoid space through a spinal needle inserted through a lower lumbar intervertebral space
Spinal
During a cardiac arrest, the primary responsibility of the scrubbed surgical technologist is to__________
Protect the sterile field
What drug is used to reverse the effects of narcotics given during a surgical procedure?
Narcan
What type of amnio ester is a topical anesthetic? Only used topical, NEVER injected.
Cocaine
The only depolarizing muscle relaxant used in surgery. The rest are non depolarizing agents.
Succinylcholine
NPO means:
Nothing by mouth
Period of cessation of breathing
Apnea
During general anesthesia, exhaled CO2 is absorbed by:
Soda Lime Reservoir
Halothane is also called:
Fluothane
The acronym MAC stands for:
Monitored Anesthesia Care
Another name for Anectine is:
Succinylcholine
What piece of equipment is essential to perform a Bier Block for a Carpal Tunnel Release procedure?
Tourniquet
Who must be licensed to deliver anesthesia after achieving a master of science degree in nursing and a certification in anesthesia
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
An allied health professional trained to assist the ACP in the delivery of anesthesia during surgery
Anesthesia technician
a medical doctor with specialist training of anesthesia (MDA)
anesthesiologist
What system categorizes patient’s according to their anesthetic risk? Uses 1-5 to indicate the risk. E is used for emergency status
American Society or Anesthesiologists (ASA)
State of balance in physiological functions
Homeostasis
The partial pressure of expired carbon dioxide, which is produced by cells and expired during ventilation, is measured and the value displayed as a waveform on a monitor
capnography
What is a patient’s normal temperature called?
Normorhermia
What is the most common method used to maintain normothermia?
The Bair hugger
Peripheral nerve stimulator is used for what?
To monitor the level of neuromuscular blocking
use of several different types of drugs to achieve the quickest, most effective anesthesia with the fewest adverse effects
balanced anesthesia
What invasive airway tube extends from the mouth to the trachea?
The endotracheal tube
A lighted instrument that is inserted into the trachea during intubation
Laryngoscope
What mask is inserted without the aid of a laryngoscope and fits snuggly over the larynx?
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
What is inserted over the tongue to prevent the tongue or epiglottis from falling back against the pharynx?
Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)
What airway provides a passage between the nostril and the nasopharynx?
The nasopharyngeal airway
What are the phases of general anesthesia?
Induction, maintenance, emergence, and recovery
In what phase of anesthesia does the actual surgery take place?
Maintenance
Termination of anesthesia and the process of regaining consciousness is called what?
Emergence
What is placed around the limb to displace the blood during a Bier block?
Pneumatic tourniquet and esmarch bandage
What two positions are used during spinal anesthesia to open the intervertebral space?
Lateral (side lying) or sitting
What method of anesthesia is injected into the epidural space that surrounds the dural sac?
Epidural
A true allergic reaction to a substance or drug that can lead to shock
Anaphylaxis
The immediate harvesting of blood on the surgical field for reinfusion into the patient
intraoperative cell salvage
A clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream.
embolus
Postanesthetic care provided, ends the clearance of the anesthetic drugs from the body.
Recovery phase
ASA 1
Normal healthy patient
ASA 5
a patient that is morbid and is at substantial risk of death within 24 hours, with or without intervention
E
any patient undergoing an emergency procedure is identified by adding this to the underlying ASA status (1-5)
must be signed according to facility protocol, and before any preoperative medications are administered
Consent Forms
Identify
The largest and most noticeable machine at the head of the bed, used by ACP.
Anesthesia Machine
Identify
Allows the ACP to monitor the level f consciousness under general anesthesia.
Bispectral Index Monitor (BIS)
Identify
Used to apply pressure on IV solution to increase flow rate
IV Pressure Bag
Identify
Creates a pathway for the introduction of regional anesthesia, available if different sizes
Spinal Needle
Identify
Measures the oxygen saturation
Pulse oximeter
The acronym TIVA stands for:
Total intravenous anesthesia
The ratio of red blood cells to plasma, measured as a percentage
Hematocrit
the number of each type of white blood cell in a specimen of blood
Differential count
mean that the condition arose suddenly or spontaneously
Idiopathic
Factors that affect blood pressure
weight, exertion, stress, strong emotion
Substances in urine
albumin, bilirubin, glucose, ketones, leukocytes, blood nitrite, and urobilinogen
the resting phrase of cardiac contraction
Diastolic pressure
assessment of the heart’s electrical activity displayed on a graph
Electrocardiography
Measurement of coagulation time
Prothrombin Time (PT)
Decreased serum potassium
Seen in alkalosis, insulin therapy, or excess fluid loss
Hypokalemia
Element necessary for transmission of nerve impulses to skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
Potassium
The element that is oxygen carrying protein attached to RBC’s
HGB (Hemoglobin)
Can result from parathyroid disease, vitamin D deficiency and specific drugs such as corticosteroid and some diuretics
Hypocalcemia
Body requires core temp approximately 99 F or what in Celsius
37.2
The normal oral temperature in a person at rest is _______ degrees Fahrenheit (________ degrees Celsius).
98.6; 37
When the blood is forcefully pumped through the left ventricle, the pressure is at its greatest. This called the ______________ _______________.
Systolic pressure
______________ occurs as a result of internal bleeding and the body’s inability to replace red blood cells.
Anemia
White on Right
Smoke (black) over Fire (red)
Placement of 3 lead EKG
