Test III Pt II Flashcards
Drug
a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body
Intoxication
A state in which a person’s normal capacity to act or reason is inhibited by alcohol or drugs
Substance use disorders
Pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance
Hallucinosis
a mental disorder the symptom of which is hallucinations, commonly associated with the ingestion of alcohol or other drugs
Tolerance
Adjustment that the brain and the body make to the regular use of certain drugs so that ever larger doses are needed to achieve the desired affects
Withdrawal
Unpleasant and sometimes dangerous reActions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of the drug
Alcohol use disorder
alcoholic
Depressants
a drug or other agent that slows the activity of vital organs of the body. Depressants acting on the central nervous system
College binge drinking
Huge problem across America, majority of campus arrests
Alcohol withdrawal
can begin as early as two hours after the last drink, persist for weeks, and range from mild anxiety and shakiness to severe complications, such as seizures and delirium tremens
Delirium tremens
Dramatic withdrawal reaction experienced by some who are alcohol dependent consisting of confusion clouded consciousness and terrifying visual hallucinations
Korkasoff’s syndrome
Alcohol related disorder marked by extreme confusion memory impairment and neurological symptoms
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Problems in a child including low birth weight physical irregularities and intellectual deficits caused by excessive alcohol intake by the mother during pregnancy
Sociocultural views SUD
Living under stressful environmental conditions or in families where substance use is valued or modeled
Psychodynamic views of SUD
Powerful dependency needs that trace back to early years, where parents fail to satisfy need for nurturance
CBT and Substance use disorders
individualized goals , enhanced self control, time limited treatment
CBT and operant conditioning (substance use disorders)
substance disorder is learned by conditioning and maintained through reinforcement
Genetics and SUD
genetic predisposition to misuse substances may be inherited connected with dopamine receptor genes
Biochemical factors and SUD
alcohol effects GABA production, which causes tolerance o develop
Reward center and SUD
substances activate the brain’s reward center, a dopamine rich pathway that produces feelings of pleasure
Reward deficiency syndrome (SUD)
the brain’s reward system is not readily activated by the usual events in their lives that most people’s is activated by’ may cause them to seek out other methods of activating the reward system such as substances
Aversion therapy (SUD)
Based on principles of classical concert conditioning in which individuals are repeatedly presented with an unpleasant stimulus at the very moment they are taking the drug
Psychodynamic treatment for SUD
Resolve underlying conflicts
Change styles of living
Tends to work better in combination with other methods
Behavioral treatment for SUD
Contingency management makes incentives contingent on the submission of drug free urine samples
CBT relapse prevention training for SUD
Clients are taught to keep track of drinking behavior, apply coping strategies in situations that trigger drinking and plan ahead for risky situations and reActions
Detoxification for SUD
Offered on an outpatient basis, 2 approaches. 1 is to have clients withdraw gradually from a substance and the second is often medically preferred and involves giving client drugs that mask effects of withdrawal symptoms
Antagonist drugs for SUD
Given as an aid to resisting temptation, it is a drug given which blocks or changes the effects of the addictive drug
Methadone maintenance for SUD
People are given lab opioid methadone as a substitute for heroin. Addiction is maintained under medical supervision. At first they were very effective but became less popular because of the dangers of methadone itself
Sociocultural self help treatment for SUD
Organizations or communities that help eachother without professional assistance
Residential treatment for SUD
Place where people formerly addicted to drugs live, work and socialize in a drug free environment
Culture and gender sensitive programs for SUD
Can help prevent relapse and forming more woman sensitive treatment methods
Community prevention for SUD
May focus on the individual, the family, the peer group, or the community at large. Not always effective
Comparing interventions for SUD
T
Prevention programs for SUD
targets heavy drinking college students with 8 weekly 90 minute sessions to learn to monitor drinking and calculate BAL. very effective
Harm reduction model for SUD
Accepts that licit and illicit drug use is part of our world and chooses to work to minimize its harmful effects rather than simply ignore or condemn them.
Disease model for SUD
addiction is a brain disease., altered brain structure and functioning. considers addiction irreversible once acquired and treatment requires complete abstinence
Moos et all
AA and BT were about equally effective, but only 25% of both groups were still in remission at 1 year follow up
Gambling disorder
persistent and recurrent gambling that leads to a range of life problems; same reward pathways as substances are activated
Internet use gaming disorder
excessive and persistent internet or gaming activity recommended for further review, same reward pathways are activated
Abstinence violation effects
Belief that complete abstinence is the only way to be successful in overcoming addiction and often leads to giving in once and then going overboard
motivational interviewing
Motivation to change is elicited from the client, and is not imposed from outside forces
