Ch 1 & 2 Flashcards
Dysfunction
Interferes with daily function
Deviance
Variance from common patterns of behavior
Danger
Most people with mental illness do not pose a danger to themselves or others
Elusive nature of abnormality
Criteria for abnormality can be vague and subjective
Eccentricity example
Man who lives alone with two dozen cats
Treatment
Procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior
General paresis
Irreversible disorder with both physical and mental symptoms
Hypnotism
Procedure that places people in a trance like mental state during which they become extremely suggestible
Psychoanalysis
Freudian theory which holds that many forms of abnormal and normal psychological functioning are psychogenic; unconsciousness is at the root of the dis functioning
Psychotropic medication
Drugs that primarily affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental dysfunctioning
Deinstitutionalization
The discharge of large number of patients beginning in 60s from long term institutional care so they may be treated in community programs
Community health approach
Helpful for many but too few programs are available to address needs in US
Private psychotherapy
An agreement by which an individual directly pays a psychotherapist for counseling services; insurance now often covers the costs
Prevention
Key feature of comm health programs that seek to prevent or minimize psych disorders
Positive psychology
Definition
Major ideas
Study and enhancement of positive feelings and traits and abilities. The idea is to promote positive development and psych wellness and coping skills are taught that protect from stress
Multicultural psychology
Examines impact of culture race and ethnicity on our behaviors and thoughts and focuses on how they influence abnormal behavior
Managed care
A program in which the insurance company determines such key issues as which therapists it’s clients may choose, the cost of sessions, and the number of sessions for which a client may be reimbursed
Psychiatrists
Prescribe medication and complete residency after med school
Clinical psychologists
PhD in psych and one year internship
Clinical researchers
Conduct studies on abnormal psych functioning
Humors
Fluids that flow through body
How did Hippocrates treat?
Quiet life
Vegetables
Temperance and exercise
Middle Ages treatment methods
Demonology
Rise of asylums occurred when?
Renaissance
First physician to specialize in mental illness
Johann weyer
Somatogenic perspective
View that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes
Psychogenic perspective
View that cause of abnormal functioning are psychological
Results of biological approaches throughout first half of twentieth century
Mostly disappointing
What did Hippocrates teach?
Mental illness had natural causes that arose from internal physical problems
Did mesmerism work?
Surprisingly yes on many patients
What made hypnotism special?
Hysterical disorders could be induced in normal people
Technique of psychoanalysis
A form of discussion in which clinicians help troubled people gain insight into their unconscious psychological processes
Psychoanalysis was used mostly on whom?
Patients with anxiety or depression that didn’t require hospitalization
Anti psychotic drugs
Correct extremely confused and distorted thinking
Antidepressant drugs
Lift moods of depressed people
_______ % of all privately ensured persons in the US are currently enrolled in managed care programs.
At least 75%
Is the managed care program liked or disliked in general?
Disliked by both parties
How did mesmer’s treatments work? What was it called?
Patients sit in a darkened room with music, then he appeared in colorful costume and touched the troubled area of the patients body
Called mesmerism
Mysterious bodily ailments with no apparent physical basis
Hysterical disorders
Hypnotism dates back when?
1778 when Mesmer established a clinic
Eccentricity
Unusual pattern with which others have no right to interfere; not necessarily abnormal behavior
Trephination
Stone Age treatment in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a part of the skull in severely abnormal patients
Melancholia
Extreme sadness and immobility
Earlier societies attributed abnormal behavior to _______.
Demons
Father of modern medicine
Hippocrates
Nomethic understanding
General understanding of the nature causes and treatment of abnormal psychological functioning in the form of laws or principles
Internal validity
The accuracy with which a study can pinpoint one of various possible factors as the cause of phenomenon
External validity
The extent to which the results may be generalized to the outside world beyond that study
Correlation coefficient
r- magnitude of the correlation
Incidence- epidemiological studies
Number of new cases that emerge during a given period of time
Prevalence of epidemiological studies
Total number of cases in the population during a given time period but also includes existing cases
Quasi experiment
Making use of groups that already exist in the world
Natural experiment
Nature manipulated the IV itself and experimenter observes the effects
Analogue experiment
Abnormal behavior is produced in the lab and then examined
Disadvantages of case studies
Biased observers
Subjective evidence
Low external validity
Single subject experiment
One person is observed and measured before and after IV manipulation
