Test 73

Question 1

Balanitis

Answer 1

Candida balanitis, which is characterized by erythema of the glans penis and thick, white discharge, typically occurs in uncircumcised infants with concurrent Candida diaper dermatitis (beefy-red coalescing plaques, satellite lesions, skin fold involvement). Management consists of empiric treatment with topical antifungal cream.

Question 2

Bronchiectasis

Answer 2

Hemoptysis is frequently caused by pulmonary infection, which may be chronic or acute. The chronic inflammation and localized edema associated with bronchiectasis predisposes to blood vessel infiltration and rupture.

Question 3

Gallstone disease

Answer 3

Bile salt-induced diarrhea occurs in 5-10% of patients following cholecystectomy and in patients with short bowel syndrome. The treatment of choice is bile salt-binding resins such as cholestyramine.

Question 4

Ascites

Answer 4

A serum-ascites albumin gradient value of greater than or equal to 1.1 g/dL indicates the presence of portal hypertension, while a value of <1.1 g/dL indicates the absence of portal hypertension.

Question 5

Patient confidentiality

Answer 5

Adult patients have the right to authorize release of their medical records, including to themselves. Incontrast, records release for minors typically requires parental consent, unless the minor is emancipated or received care that did not require parental consent. Health care facilities may assess a records fee to print and/or mail records.