Test 31

Question 1

Schizophrenia

Answer 1

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia cause significant functional impairment and respond poorly to antipsychotic medication. Referral for social skills training is an important option to consider in managing persistent negative symptoms.

Question 2

Conjunctivitis

Answer 2

Viral conjunctivitis is spread by contact with eye discharge or contaminated surfaces, and patients are highly infectious until eye discharge resolves.

Question 3

Hazard ratio

Answer 3

The hazard ratio (HR) is defined as the likelihood of an event occurring in a treatment group relative to the control group. HRs <1.0 indicate an event is less likely to occur in a tx group than the control group. HRs >1.0 indicate an event is more likely to occur in a tx group than the control group.

Question 4

Prostatitis

Answer 4

Chronic bacterial prostatitis typically presents with >3 months of UTI, pain in the genitourinary region, and/or pain with ejaculation. Examination of the prostate may be normal or show hypertrophy, tenderness, or edema. Urine leukocytes and bacteriuria are typically present, particularly after prostatic massage. Tx requires 6 weeks of a fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Question 5

Referrals

Answer 5

Before changing a patient’s plan of care (for nonemergency issues), a consulting specialist should directly discuss any recommended changes with the patient’s PCP. The PCP has primary responsibility for the patient’s care, and such discussion would allow proper coordination of care by the PCP.

Question 6

Peripheral vascular dx

Answer 6

PAD results from atherosclerotic narrowing of peripheral arteries and represents established atherosclerotic cardiovascular dx. Patients with PAD should be initiated on antiplatelet and high-intensity statin therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.