TEST 5 Flashcards
1
Q
Which of the following gives rise to female reproductive structures?
A
Mullerian duct
2
Q
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes disappear for the first time?
A
Telophase I
3
Q
One which chromosome is the sex-determining region of Y (SRY) gene?
A
Y Chromosome
4
Q
Which cells possess the enzyme aromatase?
A
Granulosa cells
5
Q
A term which indicates a cell containing half the normal number of chromosomes as seen in the gametes?
A
Haploid
6
Q
When conducting a PAPS smear, samples should be taken from the squamo-columnar junction which is also known as?
A
Transformation zone
7
Q
The enzyme responsible for converting testosterone into estrogen?
A
Aromatase
8
Q
Another name for the mullerian duct is?
A
Paramesonephric duct
9
Q
What is the major effect or result from a functioning Y chromosome?
A
Maleness
10
Q
What enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of estradiol?
A
Aromatase
11
Q
Another name for a fibroid is?
A
Ieiomyoma
12
Q
During which stage of meiosis do the spindles shrink thereby pulling the chromatids apart (CENTROMERES DIVIDE) allowing the two chromatids to migrate to their respective poles?
A
Anaphase II
13
Q
Meiosis in the female is known as?
A
Oogenesis
14
Q
During which phase of meiosis do the nuclear membranes dissociates for the first time?
A
Prophase I
15
Q
The production of egg and sperm is known as?
A
Gametogensis
16
Q
What is the major function of the granulosa cells?
A
Produce estradiol
17
Q
Which sex chromosomes can a mother contribute to the embryo?
A
X
18
Q
Which of the early embryonic structures give rise to female reproductive structures?
A
Paramesonephric duct or (Mullerian duct)
19
Q
What is the source of the X chromosome for a male embryo “maternal” or “paternal”?
A
Maternal
20
Q
Which of the following is responsible for producing the hormone responsible for maintaining the uterus for pregnancy?
A
Corpus Luteum
21
Q
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes disappear for the second time?
A
Telophase II
22
Q
A stage of cervical carcinoma in which the adjacent tissues are involved with concomitant vaginal bleeding and discharge?
A
Invasive carcinoma
23
Q
Which product of the testes regulates the development of primary and secondary characteristics of the male?
A
Testosterone
24
Q
Cervical carcinoma may be considered a sexually transmitted disease by some epidemiologists because an overwhelming majority is caused by?
A
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
25
Which sex chromosomes can a mother contribute to the embryo?
X or Y
26
How many haploid spermatozoa are produced by meiosis of a single diploid cell?
4
27
What glands make semen?
Accessory gland
28
Which segment of the sperm contains mitochondria?
Midpiece
29
During which phase of meiosis do the nuclear membrane reform for the second time?
Telophase II
30
Which product of the testes is the typical "male hormone"?
Testosterone
31
Which of the following genes regulates the development of the testes?
Sex-Determining Region Y (SRY)
32
Which of the following are typical (30-50% of the cases) symptoms of uterine fibroids?
Abnormal menstrual bleeding
33
Which hormone causes the production of testosterone?
Luteinizing Hormone
34
During which phase of meiosis do the aster fibers disappear for the first time?
Telophase I
35
During which phase of meiosis do the aster fibers appear for the first time?
Prophase I
36
The process in which the #1 chromosome from dad finds and pairs up with the #1 chromosome from Mom and the same happens for chromosomes 2-23?
Synapsis
37
During which division of meiosis is the number of chromosomes cut in half?
First Division
38
Generally, enlargement of the prostate that occurs in most men with increased age is?
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPG)
39
What is the sex chromosomal composition for a normal human female?
XX
40
Another name for the Wolffian duct is?
Mesonephric duct
41
During which stage of syphilis is permanent damage caused to the heart, kidneys, and brain?
Tertiary stage
42
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes become visible for the second time?
Prophase II
43
Nuclear (cell) division that results in diploid daughter cells?
Mitosis
44
Name the organism that causes an STD which results in urethral inflammation, infertility in women, and 30% of all pediatric pneumonia cases?
Chlamydia trachomatis
45
What is the sex chromosomal composition for a normal human male?
XY
46
The fluid filled space in the follicle is called?
Antrum
47
During which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers disappear for the second time?
Telophase II
48
What is a direct function of human chorionic gonadotropin?
Keeps the corpus luteum functioning
49
The production of sperm is known as?
Spermatogensis
50
Which hormone causes the sperm cells to become sensitive to testosterone?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
51
"XX" is the normal sex chromosomal composition for?
Female
52
The production of oocytes is known as?
Oogenesis
53
These cells originate outside of the embryo "proper" and will eventually give rise to the gonads?
Primordial Germ Cells
54
During which phase of meiosis do the nuclear membrane dissociates for the second time?
Prophase II
55
What is the mechanism of action RU486?
Blocks progesterone receptors
56
During which phase of meiosis do the homologous pairs line up on metaphase plate so that one member of each pair is on each side of plate?
Metaphase I
57
During which phase of meiosis does the nucleolus dissociates for the second time?
Prophase II
58
Which glands produce most of the semen?
Seminal vesicles
59
How does the abortion pill (RU 486) function?
Blocks progesterone receptors
60
Which drug prevents the sperm from reaching the egg?
Morning after pill
61
From what structure do the primordial germ cells originate?
Yolk sac
62
How many developing oocytes does a female have during the 7th month of fetal development?
6-7 million
63
A condition by which oocytes continually degenerate and die?
Atresia
64
A structure that allows the testes to remain cooler than body temperature by positioning them outside of the abdopelvic cavity?
Scrotum
65
During which phase of meiosis does the nucleolus reform the second time?
Telophase II
66
The second most prevalent cancer cause of death in men is?
Prostate cancer
67
What is the source of the Y chromosome for a male embryo "maternal" or "paternal"?
Paternal
68
The name for the human egg is?
oocyte
69
During which days of a woman's reproductive cycle (assuming its a 28 day cycle) does menstrual bleeding occur?
Days 1-5
70
When does ovulation occur?
Day 14
71
During which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers appear for the second time?
Prophase II
72
Which hormone causes a higher muscle to fat ratio?
Testosterone
73
Which hormone causes body hair to become course?
Testosterone
74
During which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers appear for the first time?
Prophase I
75
Which compounds are produced by the Leydig cells?
Testosterone and other androgens
76
Which gland produces a lubricating fluid during intercourse?
Bulbourethral gland
77
Which hormone causes the secondary sexual characteristic of males?
Testosterone
78
Which of the following is the more common cause of severe pain during defecation and during intercourse?
Endometriosis
79
Which segment of the sperm contains the acrosome?
Head
80
During which stage or meiosis do the CENTROMERES line up on Metaphase Plate so that one Chromatid is on each side?
Metaphase II
81
During which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers contract pulling the two groups of chromosomes to their respective poles (centromeres do NOT divide)?
Anaphase I
82
Muscle in walls of scrotum which help regulate testicular temperature?
Dartos muscle
83
During which phase of meiosis do the aster fibers appear for the second time?
Prophase II
84
A condition caused by production of excessive amounts of androgens?
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
85
Cells located in the connective tissue just outside of the seminiferous tubules which produce testosterone?
Interstitial or (Leydig Cells)
86
Which cells convert testosterone into most of a woman's estrogen?
Granulosa cells
87
A type of nuclear division represented by Gametogensis?
Meiosis
88
Which cells of the ovarian follicle produce testosterone?
Thecal Cells
89
During which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers disappear for the first time?
Telophase I
90
How many polar bodies are produced by meiosis of a single diploid cell in a woman?
3
91
What protein is coded for by the SRY gene?
Testis-Determining Factor (TDF)
92
Nuclear (cell) division that results in haploid daughter cells?
Meiosis
93
For a male, how long does meiosis continue once started?
Throughout life
94
Which of the following hormones maintains the corpus luteum?
Progesterone
95
How many "chromosomal dumps" are produced by meiosis of a single diploid cell in a woman?
3
96
What is the source of the X chromosome for a female embryo "maternal" or "paternal"?
Maternal and Paternal
97
A compound added to the semen to be used as a fuel for the flagellum?
Fructose
98
Which of the early embryonic structures gives rise to male reproductive structures?
Mesonephric duct or (Wolffian duct)
99
Which gland produces the second largest amount of semen?
Prostate
100
At what stage of meiosis does fertilization occur?
Metaphase II
101
At what stage of meiosis is the oocyte lost due to menses?
Metaphase II
102
How many developing oocytes does a female have at birth?
1.5 million
103
Days 1-14 of the ovarian cycle are collectively known as?
Follicular phase
104
A hormone or factor that inhibits the development of the female reproductive tract?
Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)
105
A compound added to the semen to help neutralize vaginal pH?
Bicarbonate ion
106
During which phase of meiosis does the nucleolus reform for the first time?
Telophase I
107
Days 0-5 of a woman's reproductive cycle (assuming it's a 28 day cycle) are known as?
Menses
108
Name the bacterium that causes an STD which causes urethral inflammation, sterility in a woman and may be asymptomatic in 40% male cases and 60% female cases?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
109
Early human embryos possess the structures that can form the reproductive tracts of BOTH sexes?
True
110
The tubules within the testes in which the sperm develop?
Seminiferous Tubules
111
A glycoprotein "shell" which surrounds the human oocyte?
Zona pellucida
112
When conducting a PAPS smear, samples should be taken from the Transformation Zone located at the?
Squamo-columnar junction
113
An STD that causes venereal warts, does little damage to male and is the primary cause of cervical carcinoma in women?
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
114
Which of the following best represents the secretory phase?
Days 15-28
115
Which compounds are the principle inducers of pain during menstruation?
Prostaglandins
116
Which hormone causes the release of luteinizing hormone?
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
117
Which of the following hormones causes the luteinizing hormone peak?
Estradiol
118
Late in the menstrual cycle, what effect does estrogen have on FSH and LH levels?
Negative feedback
119
Estrogen is derived from which molecule?
Testosterone
120
Which cells produce the blood-testes barrier?
Sustentacular or Sertoli Cells
121
A process in which the #1 paternal chromosome pairs up with the #1 maternal chromosome, etc, etc. through the #23 chromosome?
Synapsis
122
These cells line the walls of the antrum?
Granulosa Cells
123
During which phase of meiosis do the aster fibers disappear for the second time?
Telophase II
124
Which of the following is converted into estradiol?
Testosterone
125
During which division of meiosis do replicated haploid cells give rise to unreplicated haploid gametes?
Second division
126
How many [which] pair of chromosomes are the "sex" chromosomes?
23
127
Yeast infections (thrush if oral) are caused by which organism?
Candida albicans
128
Which hormone directly triggers spermatogenesis?
Testosterone
129
Approximately how many women experience clinically painful menstruation?
50%
130
How many haploid oocytes are produced by meiosis of a single diploid cell?
One
131
Approximately how many infant males experience the condition in which the testes fail to fall?
5%
132
Which of the following determines which follicle will become the dominant follicle (the one to release the oocyte)?
the number of FSH receptors
133
What occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
Progesterone produced to maintain uterus for pregnancy
134
What is the onset of a woman's period called?
Menarche
135
What is the composition of the morning after pill?
Elevated estrogen, or progesterone, or both
136
What are the chromosomal dumps produced during meiosis?
Polar bodies
137
Days 1-5 of the uterine cycle are collectively known as?
Menses
138
At what stage of meiosis are the oocytes when they enter the first meiotic arrest?
Prophase I
139
At what stage of meiosis does ovulation occur?
Prophase II
140
A stage of cervical carcinoma in which the normal, simple columnar epithelium of the uterus is continually being replaced by squamous epithelium?
Metaplasia
141
Without a functioning Y chromosome, a child will develop as female?
True
142
When does the LH surge occur?
Just prior to day 14
143
Where is the human chorionic gonadotropin produced during the first eight weeks of pregnancy?
Trophoblast cells of embryo
144
Days 6-14 of the uterine cycle are collectively known as?
Proliferative phase
145
Which sex steroid boosts the basal metabolic rate the most?
Testosterone
146
Failure of the tests to descend into the scrotum is known as?
Cyrptorchidism
147
The third most prevalent cancer cause of death in women is?
Cervical carcinoma
148
The most common benign tumors of the uterine smooth muscle are known as?
Leiomyoma or fibroid
149
What occurs during menses?
Menstrual bleeding
150
Where is human chorionic gonadotropin produced after 8th weeks of pregnancy?
Placenta
151
Where is follicle stimulating hormone produced?
Anterior Pituitary Gland
152
Which glands produces about 60% of the semen?
Seminal vesicles
153
Early in the menstrual cycle, what effect does estrogen have on FSH and LH levels?
Decreases their levels
154
Days 14-28 of the ovarian cycle are collectively known as?
Luteal phase
155
Which hormone causes a deeper voice?
Testosterone
156
What is the major function of the corpus luteum?
Produces progesterone to maintain uterus for pregnancy
157
A term which indicates a cell containing two sets of chromosomes, one set from the mother, the other from father?
Diploid
158
What occurs when progesterone levels fall?
The uterine lining detaches and menses occurs
159
Which hormone causes the release of follicle stimulating hormone?
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
160
Specialized veins which help cool the warm arterial blood entering the testes?
Pampiniform plexus
161
What ovarian structure contains the oocyte?
Ovarian follicle
162
At what stage of meiosis are almost all the oocytes in all of the women in this room?
Prophase I
163
Virtually, how many oocytes does a female have after menopause?
Zero
164
At what phase of meiosis is an oocyte when it is ovulated?
Prophase II
165
Which of the following best represent the luteal phase?
Days 14-28
166
Which organelle make up most of the midpiece of a sperm?
Mitochondria
167
Ribbons of muscle tissue in the spermatic cord which help regulate testicular temperature?
Cremaster muscle
168
Which of the following best represents menses?
Days 1-5
169
Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the uterus for pregnancy?
Progesterone
170
During which phase of meiosis do the nuclear membrane reform for the first time?
Telophase I
171
What exactly proliferates during the proliferative stage of the cycle?
Endometrium
172
What produces human chorionic gonadotropin from day 8 until the eighth week of pregnancy?
Trophoblast cells of the embryo
173
Late in the menstrual cycle, what effect does estrogen have on FSH and LH levels?
Decrease their levels
174
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes first become visible as being replicated?
Prophase I
175
25-36 hours of high levels of this hormone causes the LH surge?
Estrogen
176
A disease in which functioning uterine lining is found outside the uterus in the abdominal and pelvic cavities?
Endometriosis
177
A severe inflammation of the upper genital (reproductive) tract resulting in infertility, ectopic pregnancies, and severe pain often caused by sexually transmitted diseases?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
178
Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the uterus for pregnancy?
Corpus Luteum
179
What name is given to the follicle once it regresses and no longer maintains an endocrine (hormone producing) function?
Corpus albicans
180
Which of the following directly stimulate an increase in the numbers of progesterone receptors?
Estrogen
181
Which of the following hormones stimulates the production of estradiol?
Follicle stimulating hormone
182
Which cells surround the sperm?
Sustentacular or Sertoli Cells
183
Special protein rings that hold the two chromatids together?
Centromere
184
A structure in the front of the sperm cell which contains digestive enzymes?
Acrosome
185
Which of the following compounds is most commonly associated with causing uterine contractions?
Oxytocin
186
Which of the following compounds is most commonly associated with causing meningeal vasodilation ( one of the most common causes of headaches)?
Prostaglandins
187
What is the name given to the follicle, once it fills with various cell types and begins to produce progesterone?
Corpus luteum
188
Early in the menstrual cycle, what effect does estrogen have on FSH and LH levels?
Negative feedback
189
What cells in the testes produce testosterone?
Interstitial or Leydig Cells
190
The "chromosomal dumps" which are discarded during meiosis in a woman is known as?
Polar body
191
When does meiosis begin for a human female?
Fetus
192
What occurs if the corpus luteum regresses?
Reduced levels of progesterone
193
A condition marked by painful menstruation is known as?
Dysmenorrhea
194
What effect does an abnormally high level of progesterone have on fertility?
Prevents the sperm from reaching the egg and prevents egg implantation
195
What hormone is derived from the conversion of testosterone?
Estradiol
196
Which hormone regulates libido?
Testosterone
197
Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum during the early stages of pregnancy?
Human chorionic gonadotropin
198
"XY" is the normal sex chromosomal composition for "male" or "female?
Male
199
Where is estradiol produced?
Granulosa cells
200
Which drug prevents ovulation?
The morning after pill
201
The cells of the outer wall of the ovarian follicle are known as?
Thecal Cells
202
What occurs if the corpus luteum regresses?
Menses
203
Another name for a mature follicle is?
Graafian Follicle
204
Another name for the paramesonephrinc duct is?
Mullerian Duct
205
An overwhelming majority of cervical carcinoma is directly attributable to?
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
206
Just following ovulation, what is the name given to the follicle (fills with blood) which released the oocyte?
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
207
Which stage of syphilis may last for decades during which symptoms may or may not reappear?
Latent Stage
208
What is the process by which homologous chromosomes find each other and line up, side by side?
Synapsis
209
After the 4th month of pregnancy, which endocrine processes maintain the pregnancy?
Estrogen and Progesterone are produced by the placenta
210
How many chromosomes are in a human "oocyte/embryo" during anaphase II of meiosis?
69
211
At what stage of meiosis is the second meiotic arrest?
Metaphase II
212
The absence of menstruation is known as?
Amenorrhea
213
How many chromosomes are in a human cell after the first meiotic division?
23
214
Which of the following compounds is most commonly associated with causing uterine vasoconstriction?
Prostaglandins
215
What is the result of the action of RU486?
Induces menses even if the uterus is pregnant
216
An STD that causes liver failure or hepatic cancer?
Hepatitis B
217
The division of cytoplasm is known as?
Cytokinesis
218
Which of the following hormones directly causes ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone
219
A condition in which the uterine ligaments (especially the sacrouterine) are compromised and the uterus moves into the vaginal canal?
Uterine Prolapse
220
Another name for a leiomyoma?
Fibroid
221
Which compound directs the development of the male gonads?
Testes-Determining Factor (TDF)
222
A chronic stage of syphilis in which symptoms may re-occur over a 5 year period?
Secondary stage
223
Which of the following best represents the follicular phase?
Days 1-14
224
Which segment of the sperm contains the nucleus?
Head
225
If the SRY gene on the "Y" chromosome works, this structure will cause the development of the MALE reproductive tract?
Mesonephric (Wolffian) Duct
226
Which hormone causes thicker, oily skin?
Testosterone
227
Another name for the first division of meiosis?
Reduction division
228
During which phase of meiosis does the nucleolus dissociates for the first time?
Prophase I
229
A stage of cervical carcinoma in which almost all of the cervical epithelial cells demonstrate cellular features of carcinoma, however, the underlying tissues remain effected?
Cervical carcinoma in situ
230
How many developing oocytes does a female have at puberty?
400,000
231
What effect does abnormally high level of estrogen have on fertility?
Prevents ovulation
232
After the first meiotic arrest, when does meiosis begin again in a woman?
Puberty
233
Prolonged and painful erection that accures without sexual arousal is known as?
Priapism
234
What occurs during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?
Granulosa cells produce estrogen
235
The fourth most prevalent cancer cause of death in women is?
Ovarian cancer
236
What produces human chorionic gonadotropin from the 8th week until the 4th month of pregnancy?
Placenta
237
Because it is produced by the embryo, what hormone is used to indicate a "positive" test for pregnancy?
Human chorionic gonadotropin
238
When does meiosis begin for a human male?
Puberty
239
The second most prevalent cancer cause of death in women, effecting 1 of every 8?
Breast cancer
240
A painless lesion caused by the production of analgesic by the bacterium that causes syphilis?
Chancer
241
Why are the testes located in the scrotum rather than inside the abdominal cavity?
To allow cooler temperatures necessary for normal spermatogenesis
242
Which of the following causes prolonged and painful erection that accures without sexual arousal is caused by?
Spinal cord trauma, sickle cell disease and tumors
243
If there is not a Y chromosome (i.e. XX) or if the SRY genes do not work, this structure will cause the development of the FEMALE reproductive tract?
Paramesonephric (Mullerian) Duct
244
Which drug keeps the egg from implanting?
The morning after pill
245
The failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum is known as?
Cryptorchidism
246
A benign condition afflicting approximately 90% of women in the US causing tenderness in the breasts especially around menses?
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
247
How old is the fetus when the primordial germ cells enter its body?
5 weeks
248
Another name for the mesonephrinc duct is?
Wolffian duct
249
Which stage of syphilis appears in the beginning as a painless lesion which soon disappears?
Primary Stage
250
Meiosis in male is known as?
Spermatogenesis
251
The process in which paternal genes are exchange for maternal genes on homologues?
Crossovers
252
Two very widespread STDs that causes inflammation to the urethra and is major cause of infertility in women?
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
253
Name the STD caused by a flagellated protozoan that results in acute vaginitis?
Trichomonas vaginalis
254
A stage of cervical carcinoma marked by the replacement of some epithelial cells by atypical neoplastic cells?
Dysplasia or precancer
255
Which of the following hormones prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy?
Progesterone
256
Sagitt-
arrow
257
salta-
leap
258
sanguin-
blood
259
sarco-
flesh
260
sclero-
hard
261
saphen-
visible, clear
262
-scope
instrument used for examination
263
seb-
grease
264
semen
seed
265
semi-
half
266
sens-
feeling
267
septi-
rotton
268
septum
fence
269
sero-
serum
270
serrat-
saw
271
sin(o)-
a hollow
272
soma-
body
273
-some
body
274
somn-
sleep
275
sphin-
squeezer
276
splanch-
organ
277
spondyl-
vertebrae
278
squam-
scale, flat
279
-stalsis
arrest, fixation
280
steno-
narrow
281
-stitia
come to stand
282
-stomy
establishing an artificial opening
283
strat-
layer
284
stria-
furrow, streak
285
stroma
spread out
286
sub-
beneath, under
287
sucr-
sweet
288
sudor-
sweat
289
super-
above, upon
290
supra-
above, upon
291
sym-
together, with
292
syn-
together, with
293
synerg-
work together
294
systol-
contraction
295
tachy-
rapid
296
tact-
touch
297
-tegm
cover
298
telo-
the end
299
templ-
time
300
A method of collecting fetal cells by sampling the amniotic fluid?
Amniocentesis
301
The period of the birth process that lies between dilation and delivery is known as?
Expulsion stage
302
A specialized membrane (sac) which surrounds the amnion and has finger-like projections called villi?
chorion
303
Approximately how old is the human embryo when it reaches the 2-cell stage?
30 hours
304
Approximately how old is the human embryo when it reaches the uterus?
3-4 days
305
How old is the human fetus when most amniocentesis are advised?
10-12 weeks
306
Which layer of the bilaminar blastula will produce the embryo proper
Epiblast
307
A term for developing embryo or fetus is?
Conceptus
308
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the dermis?
Mesoderm
309
A fertilized oocyte is referred to as?
Zygote
310
Another name for the embryonic disc stage of development?
Trilaminar embryo
311
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the muscles?
Mesoderm
312
By what embryonic age does the anterior portion of the neural groove close?
Day 25
313
A specialized fluid-filled membrane (sac) which surrounds the embryo or fetus?
Amnion
314
Approximately how old is the human embryo when it reaches the morula stage?
3 days
315
A method of collecting fetal cells by sampling the parts of the placenta?
Chorionic Villus Sampling
316
What does the inner cell mass become in a human embryo?
embryo proper
317
Which of the bilaminar blastula will produce the yolk sac?
Hypoblast
318
Which part of the blastula will give rise to the placenta?
Trophoblasts
319
What will the trophoblasts give rise to?
Placenta
320
The name given to the other layer of cells of a human blastula?
Trophoblasts
321
Each cell of an embryo is referred to as?
Blastomeres
322
What structure will become part of the umbilical cord and urinary bladder?
Allantois
323
The name given to the human embryo once the inner cell mass differentiates into two layers?
Bilaminar blastula
324
Which cells from the trophoblast give rise to the syncytiotrophoblasts?
Cytotrophoblasts
325
The birth process is known as?
Parturition
326
Spaces that become filled with maternal blood which will bath the chorionic villi of the embryo?
Lacunae
327
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the posterior pituitary gland?
Ectoderm
328
A median cylindrical structure in a human embryo that will be replaced by the vertebral column?
Notochord
329
Approximately how old is the human embryo at implantation?
6 days
330
The name for the human conceptus from day 1 to the 8th week?
Embryo
331
The name for the human conceptus from the 8th week until birth?
Fetus
332
The period of the birth process in which the placenta separates from the uterus and is delivered?
Placental stage
333
Approximately how old is the human embryo when it reaches the blastula stage?
4 days
334
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the adrenal cortex?
Mesoderm
335
The period of time for development of the embryo and fetus within the uterus?
Gastrulation
336
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the?
Mesoderm
337
Which part of the blastula will give rise to the embryo proper?
Inner cell mass
338
What lines the blastocoel making it the primary yolk sac?
Mesoderm
339
The first stage of birth in which the cervical opening will reach a diameter of 10 cm?
Dilation stage
340
That period of the birth process in which the fetal head begins to push through the vaginal orifice?
Crowning
341
These cells from the trophoblast invade the uterus to establish the placenta?
Syncytiotrophoblasts
342
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the epidermis?
Ectoderm
343
What is the source of the hormone that signals the maternal release of oxytocin, "maternal" or "fetal"?
Fetal
344
What stage of the bilaminar embryo gives rise to ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?
Epiblast
345
Assuming a 28 day cycle, when does fertilization occur?
Day 14-15
346
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the central nervous system?
Ectoderm
347
Failure of the anterior neural groove to close results in which condition?
Anencephaly
348
Where does fertilization occur in the woman?
Ampulla of the Fallopian tube
349
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the blood?
Mesoderm
350
Another name for the trilaminar embryo?
embryonic disc
351
The name given to the human embryo once inner cell mass flattens and develops three layers?
Embryonic disc or trilaminar embryo
352
A term that refers to cells of an embryo which have the potential to develop into a complete individual?
Totipotent
353
Which primary germ layer gives rise to most of the visceral organs?
Endoderm
354
Which primary germ layer gives rise to the adrenal medulla?
Ectoderm
355
A stage of human development that is analogous to the gastrula stage of lower animals?
Embryonic disk or trilaminar embryo
356
How old is the human fetus when most chorionic villus sampling is advised?
15-18 weeks
357
Which hormone signals the maternal release of oxytocin?
Cortisol
358
The process of the production of the primary germ layers is known as?
Embryogenesis
359
The name of an embryo when it becomes a solid ball of cells?
Morula
360
Approximately how many cells are in a human embryo?
16
361
By what embryonic age does the anterior portion of the neural groove close?
Day 27
362
That period of the birth process in which the fetal head begins to push through the vaginal orifice?
Expulsion stage
363
Masses of mesoderm that lie on either side of the notochord which will give rise to portions of the skeleton, skin, and muscles?
Somites
364
The process in which the fetal head pushes down into the cervix causing the cervix to become thin and soft?
Effacement
365
The name of an embryo when it becomes a hollow ball of cells?
Blastula
366
Failure of the posterior neural groove to close results in which condition?
Spina bifida
367
How old is the human embryo when it reaches the embryonic disc or trilaminar embryo (gastrula in lower animals) stage?
15-16 days
368
Which cells of the embryo produce HCG?
Trophoblasts
369
The process of the production of the organs and their systems is known as?
Organogenesis
370
The fluid-filled space of a blastula is known as?
Blastocoel
371
A term that refers to the fact that certain cells are multinucleated?
Syncytio
372
tens-
stretched
373
tetan-
rigid, tense
374
Therm-
heat
375
thromb-
clot
376
thyro-
a shield
377
tissu-
woven
378
-titis
inflammation
379
-tomy
to cut
380
tono-
tension
381
tox-
poison
382
trab-
beam, timber
383
trans-
across, through
384
trapez-
table
385
tri-
three
386
trop-
turn, change
387
troph-
nourish
388
-trud
thrust
389
tuber-
swelling
390
tunic-
covering
391
-ty
condition of
392
typman-
drum
393
ultra-
beyond
394
-uria
urine
395
vacc-
cow
396
vagin-
a sheath
397
vagus
wanderer
398
valen-
strength
399
vent-
the wind
400
venter
abdomen, belly
401
ventr-
abdomen, belly
402
vert-
turn
403
vestibul-
a porch
404
vibr-
shake, quiver
405
villus
shaggy hair
406
viscero-
organ
407
viscon-
sticky
408
vita-
life
409
vitre-
glass
410
viv-
live
411
vulv-
a covering
412
zyg-
a yoke, twin
413
-zyme
ferment
