Micro Practical 1 Flashcards
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Bacillis substilis; bacteria; shape is bacilli
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Proteus vulgaris; bacteria; the shape is bacilli
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Anabaena; cyanobacteria; shape is filamentous
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Streptococcus pyogenes; bacteria; shape is cocci (spherical)
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Spirillum; bacteria; shape is spirilla
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Spirulina; cyanobacteria; shape is filamentous
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Staphylcoccus aureus; bacteria; shape is cocci
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; yeast; cell shapes are LARGE and round
What is the name of the pictured organism? What type of organism is it? What is its shape?
Oscillatoria; cyanobacteria; filamentous
How can you tell if the round cell you are viewing through the microscope is a yeast cell or a round bacterial cell?
The yeast cell does not need such a high magnification compared to bacterial cell which would need a high magnification. Yeast cells are a lot LARGER compared to bacterial cells.
What are the (2) groups of organisms found in Kingdom Protista?
Algae and Protozoa
Which protist is an intestinal parasite found in the duodenum?
Trophozoite
The protist Trophozoite (which adheres to intestinal lining, found in duodenum), what disease does it cause?
Bever fever
Which protist causes a sexually transmitted disease?
Trichomonas vaginialis
What is the purpose of the axostyle in Trichomonas vaginalis?
Structural support
Which group of organisms in Kingdom Protista make their own food and have flagella?
Algae
Define Eukaryotic
More complex cell type that contains membrane-bound nucleus
Define primary producer.
refers to organism (i.e. algae) that is able to produce its own food to survive
Define vector.
Organism carry disease-causing microbe
Define reservoir host.
Host that serves as a source of infection
What disease is caused by Trypanosoma?
African Sleeping Disease
How is Trypanosoma transmitted from person to person?
Tse tse fly
What is the growth form of fungi?
Hypha
What would a large number of hypha be called collectively?
Mycelium
What is the group of Fungi that produces spores externally?
Basidiomycetes
What is the structure that produces spores in the group of Fungi - Basidiomycetes?
Basidium
What is the name of the group of Fungi that produces spores internally?
Ascomycetes
What is the name of the structures that produces spores in the group of Fungi - Ascomycetes?
Ascus
What is the purpose of the group called Deutteromycetes?
To place fungi that have no sexual stage observed
Which specific fungus is an opportunistic pathogen of wounds?
Rhizopus
Identify the member of Kingdom fungi displayed.
Penicillium
Identify the member of Kingdom fungi displayed.
Rhizopus
What phylum of worms is commonly called roundworms?
Nematodes
What group of flatworms is commonly called flukes?
Trematoda
What part of the tapeworm body attaches to the intestines?
Oral suckers
Define dioecious.
Separate male and female
What is the most common roundworm infection in the US?
Pinworm
Identify the Phylum to which this organism belongs to. What group does this organism belong to?
This tapeworm belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes. This tape worm belongs to the group Cestoda.
What is the name of the piece of equipment we use to sterilize objects and media?
Autoclave
What are the conditions for sterilization inside the autoclave while in use?
15-30 minutes; 121 degrees C; 18 PSI
Why is boiling alone not enough to sterilize media and objects?
Because it does not provide enough heat to kill the endospores
Define synthetic media.
Culture media where all chemicals and organisms grown are known.
Definie minimal media
culture media where we use the bare minimum for growth
Define complex media
culture media that may have one or more unknown types of microorganisms growing
While preparing solid media, what procedure must we use that is not necessary when preparing liquid media? What is the purpose of this step?
Boiling is the procedure used while stirring so agar does not stick to the bottom of the beaker and burn. We also give it time to become clear.
Define macronutrient
Chemicals needed in LARGE amounts for growth
Micronutrients
Chemicals needed in small amounts for growth
Agar
Solid media that is gel-like
Slant tube
Agar in a tube that is cooled while at a slanted angle
What is the proper way to measure liquid in a graduated cylinder?
We want to make sure the miniscus is just at/above the number to get the correct reading
What piece of equipment do we use to dispense media into test tubes?
Pipett
What is inoculation?
Transferring bacteria from one media to another
Name the piece of equipment used to perform inocultion.
Inoculating loop
What is the purpose of doing a streak plate?
To separate bacterai from a mixed culture
For aseptic technique, what is one reason for flaming the top of the test tubes after taking off the lids before re-capping them?
Because air carries other microbes, the top of the test tube is heated to make the air rise within the tube to prevent contamination.
Describe the next step in aseptic technique after you pick up bacteria from the stock culture.
After picking up bacteria from the stock culture with the loop, we inoculate the bacteria, but before doing so we close the stock culture by heating up the top of the tube and placing the cap back on.
What is the last step of aseptic technique?
Placing the inoculating loop into the incinerating piece of equipment to sterilize the loop.
What piece of equipment do we place the inocluated media into in order to grow bacteria?
Incubator
What is the temperature inside the incubator?
37 degrees C
How long do we leave bacteria in the incubator for optimum growth?
18-24 hrs
Why do we place petri dishes upside down in the incubator?
So the condensation/water drips onto the lid.
In a pour plate, where inside the petri dish are the bacteria found?
In a pour plate, bacteria are found all throughout, not just the surface.
What is the purpose of doing a pour plate?
The purpose of doing a pour plate is to isolate colonies of bacteria from a mixed culture.
When we prepare dilutions for the pour plates in lab 9, why did we twirl the tubes back and forth between our hands?
To mix up the contents within instead of shaking it and possibly causing spill
Define isolated colony
Mound of bacteria growth that come grom one single bacterium
Define dilution
A reduction in concentration
Define serial dilution
using one dilution to make the next dilution
Define differential stain
Stain bacteria different colors based on the bacteria’s physical and chemical properties
Define simple stain
Give color to transparent cells
Definie quantitative dilution
accurately measuring the maount of liquid used to make a reduction in concentration
Define viable plate count.
method used to determine the number of living bacteria present in a sample.
Define viable
alive and able to grow on media
What is the reciprocal of the dilution factor 10^-7?
1/10000000
Define dilution bank
container holding 99mL of sterile liquid (often water) used to make reductions in concentration
What is creating a smear?
Applying bacteria to a clean microscope slide
What is the most important step in the process of making a smear?
Heat fix - fixation causes the bacterial cells to adhere to glass slide so that they are unable to be rinsed off
Which type of bacteria will crystal violet purple enter?
Crystal violet purple will enter both gram positive and gram negative.
What color will gram positive cells retain?
Crystal violet purple
What color will gram negative cells be?
They will be stained pink from saffarnin
How do you properly dry a slide after staining?
Blot to dry
