Test 4 Joints Flashcards
The fibers of the interosseius membrane and all ligaments of the tibiofibular articulations run …
Inferiorly from the tibia to the fibula, resisting the downward pull placed on the fibula by most muscles attached to it
The tibia and fibula are connected by 2 joints…
The superior tibiafibular and the tibiafibular syndesmosis (inferior tibiofibular joint)…move simultaneously
Superior tibiofibular joint..what type?
Synovial plane type of joint between the flat facet on the fibular head and a similar facet located posterolaterally on the lateral tibial condyle
Tibiofibular syndesmosis is a …
Compound fibrous joint…. Essential for stability of ankle joint because it keeps the lateral malleolus firmly against the lateral surface of the talus
Unhappy triad
Acl, tibial collateral lig, medial meniscus
Acl prevents
The femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and hyperextension of the knee and limits medial rotation of the femur
Pcl prevents
The femur from sliding anteriorly on the tibia, particularly when the knee is flexed
The knee is primarily a ___ type of joint
Hinge synovial
The knee joint consists of 3 articulations
Two femorotibial articulations (lateral and medial condyles of femur and tibia)
One intermediate femoropatellar articulation( between patella and femur)
The most important muscle in stabilizing the knee joint?
Quadriceps femoris, particularly vastus medialis and lateralis
Cruciate ligaments are intracapsular but ______, hence get no blood supply
retrosynovial
Functions of the menisci of the knee joint
Deepen the articulate surface of tibia and play a role in shock Absorption
• Aid in lubrication and nutrition of joint
• Improve congruency of joint
• Distribute stress across articular cartilage • Reduce friction in the knee joint
• Poorly vascularized and innervated – Partly vascular in outer 1/3
– Poor healing potential
Limiting structures of knee flexion
Soft tissue mostly…
Tension of rectus femoris, vastus medialis, lateralis, and intermedius
Soft tissue apposition posteriorly
Limiting structures of extension
Anterior cruciate and posterior cruciate, fibular and tibial collateral, posterior joint capsule, and oblique popliteal lig
Limiting structures of internal rotation of knee
Anterior cruciate lig and posterior cruciate lig
Limiting structures of external rotation of knee
Tibial and fibular collateral ligs
To unlock knee
Popliteus contracts and laterally rotates femur
At the ankle weight is transferred to the
Trochlea of the Talus, which articulates with the two malleoli
The head of the talus articulates anteriorly with the ______ and rests partially on the ______
Navicular
Sustentaculum tali of the calcaneous
What Converts anterior roll to spin during knee extension?
Pcl
Talocrural joint is a ____
Synovial hinge joint
Lateral ligaments of ankle joint
Ant talofibular
Post talofibular
Calcanofibular
Most common ankle sprain…
With inversion … Anterior Talofibular ligament disrupted
Subtalar
Plane synovial
Allows eversion and inversion
Talonavicular
Synovial ball and socket
Allows gliding and rotary motions
Calcaneocuboid
Plane synovial
Allows eversion and inversion, circumduction
Cuneonavicular
– Plane synovial
– Allows little mobility
Intertarsal
– Plane synovial
– Allow little mobility
Tarsometatarsal
– Plane synovial
– Allow gliding motions
Metatarsophalangeal
– Condyloid synovial
– Allows
• flexion/extension
• ab-andad-duction, circumduction
Interphalangeal
– Synovial hinge
– Allows flexion/extension
Patellofemoral joint
Modified plane synovial joint
Fibular collateral ligament
– Lateral epicondyle of femur
– Lateral surface of head of fibula
– Separated from lateral meniscus by popliteus
What Converts posterior roll to spin during knee flexion?
Acl
Medial longitudinal arch
• Composed of calcaneous, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, 3 medial metatarsals
• Supportfrom:
– Tib A and Fibularis longus
Lateral longitudinal arch
- Flatterthanmedialarch
* Made up of calcaneus, cuboid, lateral 2 metatarsals
Plantarcalcaneonavicular ligament fills..
:fillsgapbetween sustentaculum tali and navicular
Short plantar lig
:anterioraspectofinferiorcalcaneusto inferior surface of cuboid
Medial longitudinal arch gets support from?
Tib anterior and fibularis longus
Long plantar lig
: calcaneus to groove of cuboid and bases of metatarsals
