Axilla Flashcards
Base of the axilla
Formed by the concave skin, subcutaneous tissue, and axillary(deep) fascia extending from the arm to the thoracic wall forming the axillary fossa(armpit)
Apex of axilla
Is the cervico-axiallary canal, which is the passage way between the neck and the axilla
It is bounded by the first rib , clavicle, and superior edge of scapula
Anterior wall of axilla
Is formed by the pec major and minor and the pectoral and clavipectoral fascia
Anterior axillary fold is the most inferior part of the anterior wall
Posterior wall of the axilla
Anteriorly formed by the scapula and subscapulari
inferiorly by lats and teres major
Medial wall of axilla
Formed by the thoracic wall and the overlying serratus anterior
Lateral wall of axilla
Is the narrow bony wall formed by the intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Axillary artery (first part)
Located between lateral border of the first rib and the medial border of pec minor
It is enclosed in axillary sheath and has one branch: the superior thoracic artery
Axillary artery(second part)
Lies posterior to the pectoralis minor and has 2 branches: the thoraco-acromial artery and lateral thoracic artery
Axillary artery(3rd part)
Extends from the lateral border of the pectoralis minor to the inferior border of the teres major and has 3 branches: the subscapular artery(largest), the anterior circumflex humeral artery, and posterior circumflex humeral artery
Seperior thoracic artery
First part of axillary
Helps supply first and second intercostal spaces and superior part of Sarratus anterior
Thoraco-acromial artery
2nd part of axillary
Divides into four branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial, and clavicular
Lateral thoracic artery
Second part of axillary
Supply lateral aspect of breast
Circumflex humeral(posterior and anterior)
Third part of axillary
Encircle surgical neck of humerous, anastomosing with each other laterally; larger posterior branch traverses quadrangular space
Subscapular artery
Third part of axillary artery
Descends from level of inferior border of subscapularis along lateral border of scapula, dividing within 2-3 cm into terminal branches, the circumflex scapular, and thoracodorsal arteries
Roots of the brachial plexus are ____ and begin_____
C5-t1 anterior rami
Lateral cervical region(posterior triangle)
Plexus- network of nerves …innervating the upper limbs
In the inferior part of the neck the roots of the brachial plexus unite to form______
3 trunks: superior, middle, and inferior
Superior trunk of brachial plexus
From the union of c5 and c6 roots
Middle trunk of the brachial plexus
Which is a continuation of the c7 root
Inferior trunk of brachial plexus
From the union of c8 and t1 roots
Anterior divisions of the trunks
Supply the anterior(flexor) compartments of the upper limb
Posterior divisions of the trunks
Supply posterior(extensor) compartments of the upper limb
Lateral cord of b.p.
Formed by the union of Anterior devisions of the superior and middle trunks
-1st branch of this is lateral pectoral nerve
Medial cord of b.p.
Continuation of the anterior division of the inferior trunk
-1st medial pectoral nerve
- 2nd medial cutaneous nerve of arm
- 3rd medial cutaneous forearm
Posterior cord of the b.p.
Formed by the union of all the posterior divisions of all 3 trunks
Behind the axillary artery
1st branch upper subscapular
2nd thoracodorsal nerve
3rd lower subscapular
Axillary artery
Continuation of the subclavian artery -first rib Continues distally as brachial artery -inferior border of teres major 3 parts -divided by pec minor
Subclavian artery stops where the axillary starts. Where is this?
Lateral border of 1st rib
Terminal branches of lateral cord
Musculocutaneous n
Half of the median n
Terminal branches of posterior cord
Axillary n
Radial n
Terminal branches of medial cord
Ulnar n
Half of the median n
