Test 4

Question 1

The source of Kinect of energy

Answer 1

Projectile electrons

Question 2

As Kvp increases, the ________ energy of projectile electrons

Answer 2

Higher

Question 3

Electrons travel at —— speed of light

_______ travel at the speed of light

Answer 3

1/2

Xrays

Question 4

Electrons emitted by the filament and directed to the target (cathode to anode)

Answer 4

Projectile electrons

Question 5

The strength of attachment of electrons to the nucleus

Answer 5

Binding energy

Question 6

X-rays produced by transitions of orbital electrons from the outer to inner shells

Answer 6

Characteristic X-rays

Question 7

X-rays produced by interaction of a projectile electron with a nuclear force
0-whatever KvP set.
Constant

Answer 7

Bremsstrahlung X-rays

Most xrays are brems

Question 8

X-ray quantity is…

Answer 8

X-ray intensity

Measured in air Kerma (mR)

Question 9

X-ray quality is measured in…

Answer 9

KvP

Penetrability of the X-ray beam

Question 10

The monoenergetic equivalent of an X-ray beam

Answer 10

Effective beam

Question 11

Section of metal added to the X-ray tube housing. Reduction in X-ray quantity; reduces patient exposure

Answer 11

Added filtration

Question 12

Anode heat is …….

Answer 12

Excitation

Question 13

Cascading

Answer 13

Inner electrons from each shell moves up.. X-rays are made with each placement

Question 14

Target material is made of

Filtration is usually made of

Answer 14

Tungsten

Aluminum

Question 15

Characteristic X-rays are made when

Answer 15

An outer shell fills an inner shell
K shell ionization

And tungsten have a discrete energy of 69kev

Question 16

Kinetic energy of electrons gets converted to

Answer 16

Heat!

Question 17

Discrete =

Answer 17

Characteristic

Question 18

Low energy X-rays
Lower than 10kev
Change direction with no loss of energy

Answer 18

Coherent classical Thompson or Rayleigh

Question 19

Affects the radiologist especially in flouro
Ionized atoms X-ray changes direction with a loss of energy

Outer shell electron interacts with moderate energy

No useful info on image
But greatly impacts image

Answer 19

Compton scattering

Higher levels of energy

Question 20

Ionization with inner shell 
Ejection of K shell 
Causes damage to patient 
X-rays totally absorbed 
Lower levels of energy

Answer 20

Photoelectric effect

Question 21

Secondary radiation is also called

Answer 21

Characteristic X-rays

Question 22

Photoelectric cannot occurs unless incident X-rays has energy _______________ than the electron binding energy

Answer 22

= or greater

Question 23

Absorbed by nucleus
10 mev
Nuclear fragments are emitted

Answer 23

Photodisintegration

Question 24

Must be 1.02,mev
Specifically in regards to Nuclear Medicine
Energy divided equally
Electrons split and make a + and - electron

Answer 24

Pair production

Question 25

Which interaction of matter is ALL or NOTHING absorption

Answer 25

Photoelectric

Question 26

Compton scattering is_________ absorbed

Answer 26

Partially

Question 27

2 tube interactions

Answer 27

Brems and characteristic

Question 28

To decrease density on an image we would __________ mAs

Answer 28

Increase

Question 29

If we increase KVP we must ________ mAs

15% rule

Answer 29

Decrease

Question 30

Low energy interact with
Moderate energy interact with
High energy interact with

Answer 30

Atoms

Electrons

Nucleus

Question 31

Energy potential in characteristic X-rays depends on the

Answer 31

Target material or Tungsten

Question 32

Lower energy levels of radiation interact with

High energy levels

Answer 32

Bones, tissues

Pass through the body

Question 33

Inherent filters are

Answer 33

Built into the tube housing and made of aluminum

Question 34

Trough

Bow tie

Step wedge

Answer 34

Chest

CT

Don’t use

Question 35

Monoenrgetic energy is

Answer 35

1 type of energy that removes low energy

Question 36

Projectile electrons convert __________ to __________

Answer 36

Kinetic to heat

Question 37

Filaments produce

Answer 37

Electrons

Question 38

3 absorptions

Answer 38

Radiolucent- through the body
Radiopaque-absorbed in the bone
Attenuation -partially absorbed

Question 39

Added filtration increases ——_

Answer 39

half value layer HVL