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Radiology Bushong > Test 1 Chapters 1,2 > Flashcards

Test 1 Chapters 1,2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Photons?

A

X-rays and Gamma Rays

That have no mass and no charge!

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2
Q

Gamma rays come from —-

X-rays come from—-

A

The nucleus

The electron cloud

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3
Q

The letter that represents the innermost electron Shell is?

A

K

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4
Q

An atom in its normal state has a charge of ??

A

Zero!

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5
Q

The study of interactions of matter and energy

A

Physics

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6
Q

In mechanics, the 3 base measures are?

A

Mass, length, and time

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7
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

Velocity

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8
Q

Standard unit SI

A

Second (s)

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9
Q

The unit of Energy

A

Joule

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10
Q

The unit of Heat is?

A

A calorie

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11
Q

Rem=

A

Sv

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12
Q

The source of electrons come from the

The target material is

A

Cathode

Tungsten

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13
Q

How is R measured?

A

Ion pairs

An ion pair is
The lost electron and the remaining positive atom

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14
Q

Isotopes are used in which type of radiation?

A

Nuclear medicine

They have same # in protons and different # of neutrons

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15
Q

Energy binding energy

Binding energy is higher when closer to the nucleus

A

Shells

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16
Q

Most important elements in Radiology?

A

Tungsten -X-ray tubes
Barium and iodine -contrast media
Carbon -human tissues

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17
Q

What is a half value layer?

A

The quantity to determine quality of the beam. (MAs)

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18
Q

What is the principal difference between mass and weight?

A

Mass=energy

Weight= th force exerted by gravity

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19
Q

X-rays are most like what?

A

Gamma rays

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20
Q

What is the transfer of energy?

A

Radiation!

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21
Q

3 types of energy used in radiation:

A

Electrical
Electromagnetic
Chemical

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22
Q

The largest source of environmental radiation?

A

Radon-radioactive decay of uranium(such as a sewage)

23
Q

The largest source of man made radiation?

A

X-rays !

24
Q

What equipment is responsible of an increase in the annual man made radiation?

A

Computed Tomography

25
Q

—– was the coating on the plate of the crookes tube that he was using?

A

Barium platinocyanide

26
Q

Who developed the fluoroscope?

A

Thomas Edison

27
Q

In what year did the 1st X-ray fatality occurr?

A

1904

28
Q

2 types of ionizing radiation

A

Particulate and electromagnetic

29
Q

2 types of particulate radiation

A

Alpha and beta

30
Q

Forms of non ionizing radiation?

A

MRI and ultrasound

31
Q

NCRP

A

National council of radiation protection

32
Q

A helium nucleus that has 2 protons 2 neutrons

An electron emitted from the nucleus

A

Alpha particle

Beta particle

33
Q

What is it to be Radiologic static

Or Radiology dynamics

A

Real image at rest

Motion such as flouro

34
Q

The sievert

A

Occupational radiation exposure and effective dose

35
Q

The rate of speed

A

Acceleration

36
Q

Th strength or force of X-rays

A

KEv

37
Q

100mrad

A

.oo1R

38
Q

The dose of equivalent man

A

Rem s or millirems

39
Q

The unit of measure of radiation in Air

A

Roentgen

40
Q

A chemical compound is any quantity of

A

One type of molecule

41
Q

The radiation is defined by

A

Transfer of energy

42
Q

The difference between electrons and beta particles

A

Their origin

43
Q

Electromagnetic radiation

A

Come from both inside and outside the nucleus

44
Q

A dosemeter measures what ?

A

Measures ion pairs

45
Q

One Rem by ______ to obtain Sv

A

0.01

46
Q

Isotopes

A

Same atomic # different mass

47
Q

Spontaneous emission of energy and particles of unstable nuclei

A

Radioactivity

48
Q

Uncharged radiation; highly penetrating

A

Gamma ray

49
Q

An atom that is naturally radioactive

A

Uranium

50
Q

Radiation that cannot penetrate a piece of paper

A

Alpha particle

51
Q

Have unstable nuclei

A

Radioisotopes

52
Q

_____ are arranged in orbits around the nucleus

A

Electrons!

53
Q

The atomic number is

A

The number of protons

54
Q

Example of a molecule

A

NaHCo3

Radiology Bushong (11 decks)

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