Test 1 Chapters 1,2 Flashcards
What are Photons?
X-rays and Gamma Rays
That have no mass and no charge!
Gamma rays come from —-
X-rays come from—-
The nucleus
The electron cloud
The letter that represents the innermost electron Shell is?
K
An atom in its normal state has a charge of ??
Zero!
The study of interactions of matter and energy
Physics
In mechanics, the 3 base measures are?
Mass, length, and time
What is the speed of light?
Velocity
Standard unit SI
Second (s)
The unit of Energy
Joule
The unit of Heat is?
A calorie
Rem=
Sv
The source of electrons come from the
The target material is
Cathode
Tungsten
How is R measured?
Ion pairs
An ion pair is
The lost electron and the remaining positive atom
Isotopes are used in which type of radiation?
Nuclear medicine
They have same # in protons and different # of neutrons
Energy binding energy
Binding energy is higher when closer to the nucleus
Shells
Most important elements in Radiology?
Tungsten -X-ray tubes
Barium and iodine -contrast media
Carbon -human tissues
What is a half value layer?
The quantity to determine quality of the beam. (MAs)
What is the principal difference between mass and weight?
Mass=energy
Weight= th force exerted by gravity
X-rays are most like what?
Gamma rays
What is the transfer of energy?
Radiation!
3 types of energy used in radiation:
Electrical
Electromagnetic
Chemical
The largest source of environmental radiation?
Radon-radioactive decay of uranium(such as a sewage)
The largest source of man made radiation?
X-rays !
What equipment is responsible of an increase in the annual man made radiation?
Computed Tomography
—– was the coating on the plate of the crookes tube that he was using?
Barium platinocyanide
Who developed the fluoroscope?
Thomas Edison
In what year did the 1st X-ray fatality occurr?
1904
2 types of ionizing radiation
Particulate and electromagnetic
2 types of particulate radiation
Alpha and beta
Forms of non ionizing radiation?
MRI and ultrasound
NCRP
National council of radiation protection
A helium nucleus that has 2 protons 2 neutrons
An electron emitted from the nucleus
Alpha particle
Beta particle
What is it to be Radiologic static
Or Radiology dynamics
Real image at rest
Motion such as flouro
The sievert
Occupational radiation exposure and effective dose
The rate of speed
Acceleration
Th strength or force of X-rays
KEv
100mrad
.oo1R
The dose of equivalent man
Rem s or millirems
The unit of measure of radiation in Air
Roentgen
A chemical compound is any quantity of
One type of molecule
The radiation is defined by
Transfer of energy
The difference between electrons and beta particles
Their origin
Electromagnetic radiation
Come from both inside and outside the nucleus
A dosemeter measures what ?
Measures ion pairs
One Rem by ______ to obtain Sv
0.01
Isotopes
Same atomic # different mass
Spontaneous emission of energy and particles of unstable nuclei
Radioactivity
Uncharged radiation; highly penetrating
Gamma ray
An atom that is naturally radioactive
Uranium
Radiation that cannot penetrate a piece of paper
Alpha particle
Have unstable nuclei
Radioisotopes
_____ are arranged in orbits around the nucleus
Electrons!
The atomic number is
The number of protons
Example of a molecule
NaHCo3
