Spring semester Test 5 Ch 14-22

Question 1

Exposure artifacts are

Answer 1

Improper pt preparation
Double exposure
Blur
Grid cutoff

Question 2

In handling artifacts; light fog is caused by

Answer 2

The temp or humidity is too high
The safelight is too bright
Film has been left in X-ray room

Question 3

Acceptance testing
Routine performance monitoring
Maintenance

Answer 3

An acceptable QC program consists of these 3 steps

Question 4

The Ten Step monitoring system and eval process is promoted by the

Answer 4

The joint commission JTC

Question 5

The most important part of patient protection is ?

What is the minimum total required?

Answer 5

Filtration -2.5 mm aluminum

Question 6

To measure proper filtration, what is used and how frequently should this be done ?

Answer 6

Half value layer

Annually or when there has been a change to tube housing

Question 7

Misalignment of collimator should not exceed _____

Answer 7

2% of the SID

Question 8

Most systems use _____ collimators which can not be larger than the receptor size

Answer 8

PBL

Question 9

Spatial resolution is principally determined by

Answer 9

Focal spot size

Question 10

3 tools used for measurement of focal spot size

Answer 10

The pinhole camera
The star pattern
Th slit camera

Question 11

How long can a Cr sit before it needs to be erased?

Answer 11

24hrs

Question 12

The process of assigning a value to a dead pixel based on the recorded values of adjacent pixels

Answer 12

Interpolation

Question 13

A software correction that is performed to equalize the response of each pixel to a inform X-ray beam

Answer 13

Flat-shielding

Question 14

A graph of frequency of occurrence versus digital value intervals
Has discrete plots

Answer 14

Histogram

Question 15

IR artifacts for digital

Answer 15

Dust, dirt, scratches
Pixel malfunction
Ghost images

Question 16

Software artifacts for digital

Answer 16

Histograms
Range/scaling
Image compression

Question 17

Object artifacts in digital

Answer 17

Pt positioning
Collimation/partitioning
Backscatter

Question 18

2 artifacts in pre processing are

Answer 18

Interpolation

Flatshielding

Question 19

Artifacts that occur bcuz of dead pixels or dead rows/columns

Answer 19

Pre -processing

Question 20

Things that associate with image compression

Answer 20

Lossless compression

CAD systems require uncompressed images for processing

Question 21

Compressed images may cause ____ whole using CAD systems

Answer 21

Lesions or lack of data

Question 22

Multiple images on a single IP results in a proper separation and collimation of each image

Answer 22

Partitioning

Question 23

Dust on the CR optical path (mirrors and lenses) can’t be cleaned by _______

Answer 23

Rad techs, they must have professional service

Question 24

The backup timer terminates after how long ??

Answer 24

6sec or 600ma

Question 25

In flouro, Entrance skin exposure (ESE) should not exceed _____

Answer 25

10R/min

Question 26

Any combo of mA and S should produce same mAs value 10% Make 3 exposures the same

Answer 26

Exposure linearity Exposure reproducibility

Question 27

Kvp calibration uses a _____

Answer 27

Ion chamber and is +-10%

Question 28

A line pair test is used to measure

Answer 28

Resolution

Question 29

Background light is also called

Answer 29

Ambient light

Question 30

ROI

Answer 30

Region of interst -bring sharpness of interest

Question 31

LCD CRT

Answer 31

Flat, active matrix Curved, light emitting, scanned electron

Question 32

Image inversion Window and level

Answer 32

Black to white, white to black Makes all shades of grey visible

Question 33

Materials that emit light Light during stimulation Glows after stimulation

Answer 33

Luminescence Fluorescence Phosphorescence

Question 34

The property of the source of light Basic Photometric unit

Answer 34

Candela aka nit Lumen

Question 35

LED

Answer 35

Light emitting diode

Question 36

Photostimuable phosphor is used in: | TFT and CCD is used in

Answer 36

CR | DR

Question 37

A property of luminescence transmitted by fiber optic bundles

Answer 37

A scintillator

Question 38

Spatial resolution is the ability to

Answer 38

See small objects Soft tissue = low spatial frequency Bone,breast=high spatial frequenc

Question 39

Binary system uses

Answer 39

2 digits (0,1)

Question 40

Bit | Byte

Answer 40

(0,1) | Group of 8 bits

Question 41

CPU | Motherboard

Answer 41

Control unit | Ram, Rom

Question 42

PACS | DICOM

Answer 42

Picture archiving and communications system (Radiologist can access anywhere) Digital imaging and communications in medicine (image storage)

Question 43

RIS | Earliest calculating tools

Answer 43

Radiology information system Abacus

Question 44

1st general purpose computer 1st operational computer

Answer 44

ENIAC Colossus

Question 45

Parallax effect = Image characteristics

Answer 45

Penumbra Spatial res, contrast res, noise, artifacts

Question 46

Test device for Filtration Test device for Collimation

Answer 46

HVL-2.5 mm Aluminum PBL-spatial resolution [not exceed 2%]

Question 47

How to test protective apparel?

Answer 47

Radiograph to check for cracks or tears

Question 48

2 type of luminance meters

Answer 48

Near range Telescopic (0.05 to 1000 cd/m)

Question 49

Test device for Kvp calliboration and criteria needed?

Answer 49

Ion chambers | W/in 10% of selected kvp !!

Question 50

Th frequency for all testing is Annually!!!!! But which is done semi annually??

Answer 50

Collimation

Question 51

Test device used for geometric, reflection, resolution, display noise???

Answer 51

TG-18-

Question 52

Luminance response should be less than 30% _____

Answer 52

Nonuniformity

Question 53

Protective apparel lead aprons for Diagnostic imaging should at least be

Answer 53

.25mm lead | And .50 for Flouro!!!

Question 54

For best digital viewing, we should view __________ | Photometry is the ________

Answer 54

Straight on!! | Science of measuring light

Question 55

4 components of any medical image

Answer 55

Spatial resolution Contrast resolution Artifacts Noise

Question 55

To have quantum mottle is to have Contrast resolution is limited by

Answer 55

Not enough mAs Noise or SNR (signal to noise ratio)

Question 55

The principle source of noise is DR is a ____bit range

Answer 55

Scatter radiation 14Bit

Question 55

Direct DR uses which capture element ?? | Indirect Dr uses with capturing elements??

Answer 55

A-se Amorphous selenium CSI or a-Si Amorphous silicon

Question 55

Spatial resolution is limited by

Answer 55

Pixel size !! And MTF!!(modulated transfer system) | Contrast resolution is more important

Question 55

A measure of X-ray absorption efficiency

Answer 55

DQE | Detective quantum efficiency

Question 55

Photopic Scotopic

Answer 55

Bright light with cones of eye Dim light with rods of eye

Question 56

QC deals with what QA deals with

Answer 56

Instrument and equipment People

Question 57

Exposure timer and exposure reproductiblity is within

Answer 57

5%

Question 58

The SMPTE

Answer 58

The society motion picture and television engineers | Described format for contrast and display resolutions

Question 59

DICOM presented a document to allow medical images to be transferred referred to as

Answer 59

GSDF | Gray scale display function

Question 60

Measurements and observations should be instituted for all display devices

Answer 60

AAPM TG 18

Question 61

Best digital viewing is done

Answer 61

Straight on!

Question 62

The TG 18-QC | Should be viewed

Answer 62

Regularly | Done by technologists!!!