Test 4 Flashcards
What power output do most portable radios have?
1-5 watts
Which of the following is true of the prehospital care report?
serves administrative functions.
For calls for assistance during scene size-up, carry:
a portable radio.
Which of the following would generally lead to poor communication with a patient in the prehospital environment?
Choosing the most soothing answer to any question
the event that a patient refuses care or transport, you will have to make notes on:
the patient’s capacity.
While reviewing a written PCR for your QI committee, you come across a word that was misspelled. There was a single line drawn through it, and the correctly spelled word was next to it. Characterize how well the EMT corrected this mistake.
The EMT forgot to initial the mistake after striking out the wrong word and writing in the correct one.
The narrative section or sections of a prehospital care report, compared with the fill-in or check-box sections, are:
less structured.
Which of the following should be used instead of “yes” over the radio?
Affirmative”
You document that a patient was administered oxygen, which you know did not happen. The failure to administer oxygen is:
an error of omission.
When speaking during a radio transmission, you should:
Use “we” instead of “I.”
The patient denying respiratory difficulty is an example of:
a pertinent negative.
Written documentation should:
avoid radio codes and nonstandard abbreviations.
Which of the following is typically NOT included in the patient information section of the minimum data set?
Breath sounds
One of the EMTs at the station has been cited by the medical director for his sloppy, incomplete, and sometimes inaccurate patient care documentation. What is the most important reason documentation must be clear and accurate?
Poor communication can lead to misunderstanding and medical errors.
If a base station fails, then:
it is likely that a backup will be put into service.
You have just transported a patient to the emergency department at your local hospital. What additional information that is not typically included in the radio report should be shared with the ED staff?
Additional vital signs that were taken in route
Which of the following statements is true of geriatric patients?
They will have difficulty eliminating medications
Which of the following steps must be completed before a prescription medication is administered to a patient?
Confirm the medication belongs to the patient.
Which of the following shows the best documentation of a dose of nitroglycerin that was given to a patient?
Nitro 0.4 mg spray was administered sublingual at 1730 hrs with relief of chest pain.”
Which of the following must be included on your PCR after administration of a medication to your patient?
The effects of the drug
An example of a suspension administered by EMTs is:
Activated charcoal
Your patient is having chest pain, and has a bottle of prescribed nitroglycerin. However, the expiration date has worn off the bottle, and the patient does not know how old the medication is. What is your best course of action?
Contact medical direction for advice.
Your patient has taken an unknown quantity of amitriptyline. Which class of medication is this?
Antidepressant
The route describes how the medication is actually given to or taken by the patient. Which of the following is true of medication routes?
The route that is chosen controls how fast the medication is absorbed by the body.
Which of the following is an antidysrhythmic agent?
Calan
Your 44-year-old patient has a decreased level of consciousness, respiratory distress, and shallow breathing. You should immediately:
assist ventilations
A patient with COPD may present with elements of both pulmonary emphysema and:
chronic bronchitis.
Normal breathing is:
regular under most circumstances.
To ensure that the most medication is absorbed when the EMT is assisting the patient with an inhaler, the EMT should try to encourage the patient to:
hold the medicine in the patient’s lungs as long as possible.
A 17-year-old female complains of respiratory distress. When you listen to her chest, you hear high-pitched, almost musical sounds in her lower airways on expiration. These sounds would best be described as:
wheezes.
Which of the following occurs during inhalation?
The diaphragm lowers, and the ribs move upward and outward.
It is characteristic for a CPAP device to blow air:
continuously.
A 77-year-old female is in obvious respiratory distress. She is breathing rapidly and has an oxygen saturation of 89%. She has a history of COPD. Why should she be placed on supplemental oxygen despite having COPD?
The patient’s hypoxia outweighs the risks of oxygen therapy.
You respond to a 7-year-old patient presenting with symptoms of productive cough containing blood and large amounts of mucus; fatigue; nausea; and abdominal pain. The patient appears to be breathing adequately but nonetheless is experiencing respiratory distress from the onset of the coughing. What should you do to treat this patient?
Speak to the patient’s parent or guardian
Which of the following is the least dangerous potential risk or side effect of administering CPAP?
Dry cornea
Which of the following is a good sign in adults with respiratory distress but an ominous sign in infants and children
Decrease in pulse
What is a limitation of a nonrebreather mask?
It requires adequate breathing to pull oxygen into the lungs.
Which of the following would be considered a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Chronic bronchitis
Administer oxygen to a pediatric patient and transport as quickly as possible if the patient begins:
wheezing or grunting.
At what rate per minute should you ventilate an adult patient who is not breathing?
10-12
A 4-year-old patient presents with respiratory distress and just developed a significant drop in heart rate. You should first
assist ventilations with supplemental oxygen.
A 65-year-old male complains of chest pain that started about 45 minutes ago and is radiating up to his jaw. He feels nauseous and has very little energy. His vitals are respirations of 24, pulse of 110, and BP of 88/60. What would make you decide to transport this patient?
The low blood pressure reading
Which of the following best describes the pain associated with acute coronary syndrome?
The pain may be chest pressure, mild discomfort, or not present at all.
Administer oxygen to your chest pain patient to maintain an oxygen saturation level of:
at least 94%.
Conditions that narrow or block the arteries of the heart are called:
coronary artery disease.
You suspect that your patient is experiencing acute coronary syndrome. Your hospital destination should be determined by:
local protocols.
Which of the following refers to chest pain that occurs when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen?
Angina pectoris
A study into the effects of disease on blood composition would focus on:
red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
base station
a two-way radio, such as hospital or dispatch center.
Cell phone
phone that transmits through the air instead of over wires, so the phone can be transported and used over a wide area.
an abbreviated form of the PCR that an EMS crew can leave at the hospital when there is not enough time to complete the PCR before leaving.
drop report (or transfer report)
Mobile radio
in the vehicle.
Portable radio
A handheld/ on the EMT
a device that picks up signals from lower-power radio units, such as mobile and portable radios, and retransmits them at a higher power.
repeater
process of sending and receiving data wirelessly.
Telemetry
the unit of measurement of the output power of a radio.
Watt
medication used to reduce the clotting ability of blood to prevent and treat clots associated with myocardial infarction.
Aspirin
a device attached to the end of a syringe that atomizes medication (turns it into very fine droplets).
atomizer
signs or circumstances under which it is not appropriate and may be harmful to administer a drug to a patient.
contraindications
referring to a route of medication administration that uses the gastrointestinal tract, such as swallowing a pill.
enteral
drug that helps to constrict the blood vessels and relax passages of the airway. It may be used to counter a severe allergic reaction.
epinephrine
specific signs or circumstances under which it is appropriate to administer a drug to a patient.
indications
a spray device with a mouthpiece that contains an aerosol form of a medication that a patient can spray into the airway.
Inhaler
an antidote for narcotic overdoses.
naloxone
a drug that helps to dilate the coronary vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood.
nitroglycerin
a form of glucose (a kind of sugar) given by mouth to treat an awake patient (who is able to swallow) with an altered mental status and a history of diabetes.
Oral glucose
referring to a route of medication administration that does not use the gastrointestinal tract, such as an intravenous medication.
parenteral
the study of the effects of medications on the body.
pharmacodynamics
the study of drugs, their sources, their characteristics, and their effects.
pharmacology
any action of a drug other than the desired action.
Side effect
effect an effect of a medication in addition to its desired effect that may be potentially harmful to the patient.
untoward
a form of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation
(NPPV) consisting of a mask and a means of blowing oxygen or air into the mask to prevent airway collapse or to help alleviate difficulty breathing.
(CPAP)
any symptoms related to lack of oxygen (ischemia) in the heart muscle.
(ACS)
myocardium dies as a result of occlusion
(AMI)
the dilation, or ballooning, of a weakened section of the wall of an artery.
aneurysm
blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site by the blood current.
embolism
blockage, as of an artery, by fatty deposits.
occlusion
a clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein.
thrombus
accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles.
pedal edema
accumulation of fluid in the lungs.
Pulmonary edema
adult breathing
12 to 20 breaths/minute
school-age child breathing
- 18 to 30 breaths/minute
infant breathing
- 30 to 60 breaths/minute
