NREMT xtra

Question 1

An EMT working at a major motor vehicle crash learns that a member of his department was critically injured. A short time later the EMT develops difficulty breathing and chest pain. This is referred to as what type of stress reaction?

Answer 1

Acute

Question 2

-otomy

Answer 2

remove

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the concept of res ipsa loquitur

Answer 3

The nature of the act itself indicates negligence.

Question 4

The spleen is located in the ___________ quadrant.

Answer 4

left upper

Question 5

For a patient to refuse care, he or she must

Answer 5

Sign a release form.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a part of communication?

Answer 6

Encoded message

Question 7

Pleuritic chest

Answer 7

worsens with breathing or coughing.

Question 8

If you wanted to auscultate the bases of the lungs you should listen

Answer 8

Posteriorly

Question 9

What portion of the blood pressure cuff should be over the brachial artery?

Answer 9

The center of the bladder

Question 10

A shooting victim with a reported wound to the abdomen who is conscious and breathing is packaged on the scene and loaded for transport for the ten minute transport to the trauma center. Of the following, which would most likely be done for the first time during transport?

Answer 10

Taking a complete set of vital signs

Question 11

In reference to the respiratory cycle during an asthma attack:

Answer 11

Air is more difficult to get out of the chest than it is to enter during an asthma attack. This causes a prolonged expiratory phase and air trapping.

Question 12

What is the first thing that should be done as part of the physical assessment of the abdomen?

Answer 12

inspection

Question 13

Your patient has taken a quantity of an unknown substance. The patient is beginning to lose consciousness and has shallow breathing. From the choices below, which substance was most likely taken by the patient?

Answer 13

The reduced level of responsiveness and shallow breathing most closely resembles narcotic overdose . Heroin

Question 14

A bedridden patient has congestive heart failure. Fluid is likely to accumulate in the

Answer 14

Sacral Area

Question 15

Which of the following is a sign of right sided heart failure?

Answer 15

Jugular venous distention

Question 16

The purpose of aspirin when given to a patient with chest pain is to

Answer 16

prevent platelets from sticking together.

Question 17

An automated external defibrillator will shock which of the following rhythms?

Answer 17

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 18

Acute coronary syndrome is

Answer 18

A group of conditions brought on by reduced blood flow to the heart

Question 19

You respond to a city park for a 15 year old stung by a bee. The assessment of the patient finds altered mental status, respiratory distress, hives, swelling of the face, hoarseness and pale, clammy skin. When taking vital signs what do you expect to find?

Answer 19

The response to a severe allergic reaction includes the signs and symptoms of shock. You will find an increased pulse rate and as the anaphylactic reaction worsens, the blood pressure will decrease.

Question 20

You may see a slight increase in diastolic blood pressure early in shock because

Answer 20

stroke volume has increased

Question 21

A bar patron was stabbed in the neck with an ice pick. The patient is bleeding from the wound upon arrival. What is the appropriate way to control bleeding for this injury?

Answer 21

Gloved hand over the wound, then an occlusive dressing

Question 22

Which of the following is true regarding the vital signs of a patient in shock?

Answer 22

The pulse will increase and the respirations will increase.

Question 23

The difference between a contusion and a hematoma is the

Answer 23

A hematoma is a deeper injury than a contusion and results in greater blood loss.

Question 24

Which of the following might lead you to consider obstructive shock over hypovolemic shock?

Answer 24

Increased pressure in the thoracic cavity (e.g. tension pneumothorax) or cardiac tamponade prevents blood return from the head to the thoracic cavity resulting in distended neck veins. The pulse pressure is more likely to narrow. Abdominal injury would cause bleeding and hypovolemic shock. Head injuries do not cause shock because blood loss into the brain in minimal. The increasing pressure is the main problem in closed head injuries with bleeding.

Question 25

A 22-year-old bicyclist who was not wearing a helmet struck her head on a the pavement. While doing a detailed physical exam you observe a clear fluid coming from her left ear. How should the leaking fluid from the ear be handled?

Answer 25

Place sterile dressing over the ear

Question 26

GCS

Answer 26

3 is the score for eye opening to voice. 4 is spontaneously, 2 is in response to pain and 1 is no eye opening.

Question 27

One factor that differentiates decompensated shock from compensated shock is

Answer 27

Hypotension - low blood pressure - is the fundamental difference between decompensated and compensated shock. In decompensated shock, the blood pressure can no longer be maintained and drops. In compensated shock, the skin will become moist, the pulse will increase and the pulse pressure will narrow.

Question 28

The primary difference between distributive and hypovolemic shock is that

Answer 28

blood volume remains constant in distributive shock.

Question 29

A local emergency department has called for a critical patient transfer to a larger trauma center. You obtain a report from the physician, learning that the patient has cardiac tamponade. Your assessment of this patient would reveal distended neck veins, a weak pulse and:

Answer 29

A significant sign of a cardiac tamponade is hypotension. The pulse pressure would narrow, not widen.

Question 30

Which of the following injuries would create an obstructive shock situation?

Answer 30

Tension pneumothorax increases pressure within the chest, collapsing low-pressure vessels like the vena cava. This creates an obstruction to adequate blood flow which reduces cardiac output. Shock ensues.

Question 31

Which of the following is not a result of a child’s ratio of skin surface area to body mass?

Answer 31

Less heat loss through the skin

Question 32

A 79 year-old female patient states she has cataracts. When you assess her pupils, you will most likely see:

Answer 32

cloudy

Question 33

A 7 year-old child has approximately 2 liters of circulating blood volume; therefore half a liter is 25%. For perspective, an adult has 4 - 5 liters while a newborn has less than a liter.

Question 34

Young patients are prone to hypothermia. Of the following, which part of the body is considered a major location for heat loss in the infant or very young?

Answer 34

head

Question 35

During your assessment of an 18 month-old female patient, you notice an inward movement of her chest between each rib. This is called:

Answer 35

Accessory muscle use