Test 3 High Yield Part II

Question 1

when is the heart and brain well developed? the lungs

Answer 1

14 weeks; 10 weeks

Question 2

energy a pregnant patient needs during 1st trimester; 2nd trimester; 3rd trimester

Answer 2

no additional energy; 340 daily calories for second trimester; 450 calories daily for third trimester

Question 3

DRI recommended carbs for pregnant patient?

Answer 3

175 g ideally, no less than 135 g

Question 4

DRI recommended protein for pregnant patient?

Answer 4

additional 25 g per day for a total of 71 g/day

Question 5

nutrient needed for CNS and to prevent neural tube defects

Answer 5

folate, helps to prevent anencephaly and spina bifida

Question 6

nutrient needed to assist folate in the manufacture of new cells

Answer 6

vitamin B12

Question 7

nutrients needed for skeletal system t/o pregnancy

Answer 7

calcium and vitamin D

Question 8

nutrient for maternal blood volume increases in 2nd and 3rd trimester

Answer 8

iron, daily recommend of 30 mg/day

Question 9

nutrient for tissue growth (maternal and fetal)

Answer 9

zinc

Question 10

nutrient for cell differentiation?

Answer 10

vitamin A

Avoid excess retinol/retinoic acid (Acutane) can lead to fetal malformation of heart, brain, ear

Question 11

nutrient for mammary gland development in late pregnancy

Answer 11

water

Question 12

this is used for fetal fat and nutrient stores late in pregnancy?

Answer 12

energy

Question 13

this macronutrient is used for adequate laxation (progesterone decreases intestinal mobility), Phytochemicals can help protect against metabolic stress during pregnancy

Answer 13

carb/fiber

Question 14

this nutrient is used for structural integrity of cell membranes, NT synthesis, lipid metabolism, neural tube, brain and spinal cord development (along with folate)

Answer 14

choline

Question 15

breastfed infants may need supplements of _____?

Answer 15

fluoride(6 months of Age), iron(4 months of Age) and vitamin D(birth)

Question 16

as infants make the transition from breast to solid food they need these nutrients?

Answer 16

iron, zinc, vitamin C (4-6 months)

Question 17

a 1 yr/old needs how many calories a day? at age 6?at age 10?

Answer 17

800; 1600; 1800

Question 18

this vitamin is especially inadequate for children in the united states? more than enough?

Answer 18

vitamin D; vitamin A

Question 19

worldwide, this nutrient is a major problem and prevalent in the US for children ages 1 and older? how much should they take in?

Answer 19

iron; 7-10 mg

Question 20

this nutrient is especially important during adolescence across all genders? name other ones

Answer 20

iron (boys 8 mg/day 9-13 y/o; 11 mg/day 14-18 y/o girls 8 mg/day 9-13 y/o and between 10-11 if menstruating, 15 mg/day 14-18 years); Calcium

Question 21

for aging populations, Vitamin is highly recommended, yes or no?

Answer 21

no, iron tends to stay relatively base line

Question 22

what vitamins become deficient as you approach the 60’s?

Answer 22

vitamin D, vitamin B12, water intake as you become more dehydrated as you age

Question 23

this nutrient is found to be deficient among the elderly impairing immune function and increasing the likelihood of disease like pneumonia?

Answer 23

zinc