Test 3 High Yield Part II Flashcards
when is the heart and brain well developed? the lungs
14 weeks; 10 weeks
energy a pregnant patient needs during 1st trimester; 2nd trimester; 3rd trimester
no additional energy; 340 daily calories for second trimester; 450 calories daily for third trimester
DRI recommended carbs for pregnant patient?
175 g ideally, no less than 135 g
DRI recommended protein for pregnant patient?
additional 25 g per day for a total of 71 g/day
nutrient needed for CNS and to prevent neural tube defects
folate, helps to prevent anencephaly and spina bifida
nutrient needed to assist folate in the manufacture of new cells
vitamin B12
nutrients needed for skeletal system t/o pregnancy
calcium and vitamin D
nutrient for maternal blood volume increases in 2nd and 3rd trimester
iron, daily recommend of 30 mg/day
nutrient for tissue growth (maternal and fetal)
zinc
nutrient for cell differentiation?
vitamin A
Avoid excess retinol/retinoic acid (Acutane) can lead to fetal malformation of heart, brain, ear
nutrient for mammary gland development in late pregnancy
water
this is used for fetal fat and nutrient stores late in pregnancy?
energy
this macronutrient is used for adequate laxation (progesterone decreases intestinal mobility), Phytochemicals can help protect against metabolic stress during pregnancy
carb/fiber
this nutrient is used for structural integrity of cell membranes, NT synthesis, lipid metabolism, neural tube, brain and spinal cord development (along with folate)
choline
breastfed infants may need supplements of _____?
fluoride(6 months of Age), iron(4 months of Age) and vitamin D(birth)
as infants make the transition from breast to solid food they need these nutrients?
iron, zinc, vitamin C (4-6 months)
a 1 yr/old needs how many calories a day? at age 6?at age 10?
800; 1600; 1800
this vitamin is especially inadequate for children in the united states? more than enough?
vitamin D; vitamin A
worldwide, this nutrient is a major problem and prevalent in the US for children ages 1 and older? how much should they take in?
iron; 7-10 mg
this nutrient is especially important during adolescence across all genders? name other ones
iron (boys 8 mg/day 9-13 y/o; 11 mg/day 14-18 y/o girls 8 mg/day 9-13 y/o and between 10-11 if menstruating, 15 mg/day 14-18 years); Calcium
for aging populations, Vitamin is highly recommended, yes or no?
no, iron tends to stay relatively base line
what vitamins become deficient as you approach the 60’s?
vitamin D, vitamin B12, water intake as you become more dehydrated as you age
this nutrient is found to be deficient among the elderly impairing immune function and increasing the likelihood of disease like pneumonia?
zinc
