Test 3 Flashcards
Fibroadenoma
Mass that is unattached to surrounding tissue
Fibroadenoma examination
Oval, freely moveable, and rubbery. 1-15cm
Fibrocystic breast condition
Painful tender lumps, rubbery, Ill defined, upper quadrant of breast.
Onset late teens, subsides after menopause
Fibrocystic breast condition cause
Imbalance in normal estrogen to progesterone ratio.
Gynecomastia
Symptom rather than a disease
Can be the result of primary cancer-lung or testicular cancer
Causes of gynecomastia
Anti-androgens, corticosteroids Aging Obesity Estrogen excess Androgen deficiency Breast cancer
When to do a breast exam
Premenopausal - 1 week after cycle
Postmenopausal- anytime
Noninvasive breast cancer
20% of them
Ductal carcinoma. In-situ. Have not invaded any surrounding tissue
Lobular carcinoma- rare
Invasive
80%
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Inflammatory breast cancer
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Originates in mammary ducts
Most common
Inflammmatory breast cancer
Most aggressive.
Redness, swelling, pain
Coopers ligaments
Fibrosis of the tissue causes shortening of these ligaments, which causes skin dimpling- advanced disease
Peau dā orange
Edematous thickening of the skin and pitting of breast skin
Breast cancer complications
Invasion of the lymph channnels, causing skin edmea
Metz to lymph nodes
Bone, lungs, brain, liver- sites to Metz
Ulceration of overlying skin
Male breast cancer
Rare, fewer than 1% of cases
Average age of onset is 68 years
Hard, painless
Mammograms not recommended
Average risk, under 40 years
Modified radical mastectomy
Breast tissue, nipple and lymph nodes removed, muscles left intact
Simple mastectomy
Breast tissue and usually nipple removed, lymph nodes intact
Lumpectomy with lymph node dissection
Only tumor nodes are removed
Mastectomy excercise
Hand wall climbing
Pulley excersize
Rope turning
Age of menopause is
51
Adjuvant therapy
Radiation/ drug therapy
Decision to use adjuvant therapy after surgery depends on
Stage Age and menopausal status Patient preference Pathological examination Hormone receptor status Genetic
Chemotherapy
Herceptin
Standard of care for women with node-positive cancer or with tumor larger than 1 cm
Herceptin
Chemo- cardiac affects
Hormonal therapy purpose
Reduce estrogen available to breast tumors
Tamoxifen
Blocks estrogen receptors and this limits cancer cell growth
