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Med Surge 2 > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteophytes

A

Bone spurs

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2
Q

Crepitus

A

Grating sound caused by the loosened bone and cartilage

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3
Q

Primary OA

A

Caused by aging and genetic factors

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4
Q

Secondary OA

A

Joint injury or obesity

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5
Q

Heberdens nodes

A

Nodules on the distal interphalangeal joints

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6
Q

Bouchards nodes

A

Nodules at the proximal interphalangeal joints

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7
Q

Labs for OA

A

ESR

hsCRP

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8
Q

Drugs for OA

A 
Tylenol (not a primary inflammatory disease) 
Lidocaine topical
Buspirone 
Cox 2
NSAID 
Steroid injections 
Muscle relax & weak opioids
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9
Q

Cox2

A

Causes cardiovascular disease (MI)

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10
Q

Glucosamine

A

Decrease inflammation

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11
Q

Chondroitin

A

Strengthen cartilage

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12
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Secondary to lack of blood flow. Trauma or chronic steroid therapy

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13
Q

Subluxation

A

Dislocation

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14
Q

Pannus (RA)

A

Vascular granulation tissue of inflammatory cells that erode articulate cartilage and eventually destroy bone

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15
Q

Vasculitis (RA)

A

The organ supplied by the vessel can be affected, leading to organ failure

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16
Q

Gel phenomenon (RA)

A

Late manifestations. Morning stiffness of joint

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17
Q

Periungeal lesions

A

Ischemic skin lesions that indicate vasculitis

18
Q

Sjögren’s syndrome (RA)

A

Dry eye
Xerostomia
Dry vagina

19
Q

Felty’s syndrome

A

Enlarged liver and spleen

Leukopenia

20
Q

Caplans syndrome

A

Rheumatoid nodules in the lungs

21
Q

Tests for RA

A

Rheumatoid factor >1:80

Antinuclear antibody (ANA) > 1:40

22
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Aspiration of effusion from the joint to decrease pressure

23
Q

Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs DMARD

A

Methotrexate

4-6 weeks to start working

24
Q

Methotrexate no-no’s

A

Alcohol -liver
Birth control- must have!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Infection risk

25
Q

Plaquenil

A

May cause retinal damage

26
Q

BRM biological response modifiers

A

Enbrel, humira, Remicaide

27
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

Not common

Filter plasma for disease causing antibodies

28
Q

Non pharm interventions for RA

A

Rest, position, ice/heat, plasmapheresis, alternative therapy, enhance body image, manage fatigue

29
Q

SLE

A

Vasculitis is a big concern, kidneys seem to be attacked.
Autoimmune, connective tissue disorder
Butterfly rash*

30
Q

Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

Cold or stress- red white or blue with extreme pain. SLE

31
Q

Primary gout

A

Errors of purine metabolism

Inherited
Middle aged &a older men
Postmenopausal

32
Q

Secondary gout

A 
All ages
Renal insufficiency
Diuretic (dehydration) 
Crash diets
Chemotherapy 
Obese
Cardiovascular problems
33
Q

Labs for gout

A

Consistent level of 6.5 is abnormal

Uric acid production of 750mg per 24 hours

Athrocentensis of synovial joint

34
Q

Tophi

A

Deposit is of sodium irate crystals

35
Q

Manifestations of gout

A

Renal calculus
Renal dysfunction
Changes in urinary output

36
Q

Acute gout treatment

A

Colchicine
NSAID

4-7 days

37
Q

Chronic gout treatment

A

Allopurinol
8 glasses of H2O
Periodic follow up
CBC w/ diff

38
Q

Nutrition in gout

A 
Limit protein
Starvation diets
Alcohol
Diuretics
Aspirin
Increase fluid
Stress
39
Q

Stage one Lyme disease

A

Flu like symptoms

Doxycycline
Amoxicillin

40
Q

Stage two Lyme disease

A

Cardiac problems
CNS disorder

IV antibiotics 30 days
Ceftriaxone

41
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Chronic pain syndrome
NOT inflammatory

Burning, gnawing!!!!

42
Q

Fibromyalgia treatment

A

Lyrica, cymbalta, SSRIs (neuropathy)

Tricyclics -sleep, spasm 
Tramadol
NSAIDs
PT
Exercise
Avoid triggers

Med Surge 2 (19 decks)

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